Thyroxine ndi triiodothyronine ali apanga pa maziko a chiyani? Chithokomiro mahomoni - thyroxine ndi triiodothyronine

mahomoni chithokomiro amapangidwa ndi mabele England (SHCHZ). Thyroxine ndi triiodothyronine - ziwiri zazikulu timadzi wa thupi, gawo la zomwe pali ayodini atomu. mahomoni izi amapangidwa ndi maselo a epithelium follicular.

Udindo wa mahomoni chithokomiro

Thyroxine ndi triiodothyronine apanga ku tyrosine (asidi alpha-kwa amino) ndi zofunika chitukuko wabwinobwino wa chamoyo.

• Kuthandiza ntchito za pakati kupuma.
• Ndi chotenga mbali, anapanga ulamuliro wa m'badwo kutentha ndi thupi.
• Bwanji kagayidwe mpweya ndi kuwonjezeka minofu oxygen.
• Bwanji mphamvu ya contractions mtima (ionotropic zochitika).
• Zonse kugunda kwa mtima (chronotropic zochitika).
• Chifukwa chithokomiro timadzi kuwonjezeka kuchuluka kwa maselo B-adrenergic mu mtima ndi chigoba minofu, ndiponso m'magulu minofu adipose ndi lymphocytes.
• Gwiritsani ndi motility wa mundawo m'mimba.
• Mothandizidwa kaphatikizidwe mapulotini zosiyanasiyana structural ndi minofu zosiyanasiyana.
• Chepetsani chitukuko ndi kukula kwa thupi lonse.
• Kumapangitsa chapakati mantha dongosolo ntchito ndi imathandizira kucheza maganizo.
• Zonse magazi shuga ndi kuonjezera adani ndi magwiritsidwe maselo ake, potero mphamvu ndondomeko glycolysis.
• Bwanji azingokhala minofu adipose (lipolysis) ndipo sachedwa mapangidwe ake ndi mafunsidwe.

Zosayenera katulutsidwe mahomoni chithokomiro mu thupi kungachititse kuti mochedwa chitukuko maganizo ndi thupi.

mahomoni kaphatikizidwe SHCHZ

SHCHZ zofunika mapuloteni ndi thyroglobulin. Ali ngati Chinsinsi mapangidwe mahomoni umatulutsa England lapansi. Thyroxine ndi triiodothyronine ali apanga pamaziko a thyroglobulin mapuloteni. mapuloteni ili lili mu kapangidwe kake oposa 5 zikwi kwa amino asidi zatsalira., ndipo 18 mwa iwo okha iodized. Thyroxine ndi apanga ndi nawo zatsalira kwa amino asidi kokha 2 mpaka 4. Kuwonjezera thyroglobulin, chifukwa timadzi SHCHZ nawo ndi mafuta. Choncho, thyroxine ndi triiodothyronine ali apanga pamaziko a mafuta m'thupi, komanso timadzi steroid. Chithokomiro timadzi T4 wapangidwa nthawi 10 kuposa T3 ndi.

Timadzi Triiodothyronine (T3) aumbike mwa mitundu mamolekyulu di- ndi monoiodotyrosine amene ali mbali ya mapuloteni thyroglobulin.

Monga SHCHZ mahomoni kudyetsedwa kwa zimakhala bwanji?

Mahomoni SHCHZ kumumanga zonsezo plasma, ndipo ngati zaperekedwa kwa zimakhala ndi ziwalo. Pali atatu magazi mapuloteni akuluakulu amene anatha kum'manga mahomoni T3 ndi T4:

1. TSG - thyroxine-amamanga globulin.
2. LSPA - thyroxine-prealbumin.
3. Albumin.

Mlingo wa thyroxine ndi triiodothyronine chikoka SHCHZ secretory ntchito ndi kumanga luso la seramu.

Control T3 ndi T4 kaphatikizidwe ikuchitika timadzi pituitary TSH (chithokomiro zolimbikitsa timadzi). Nayenso TSH kaphatikizidwe ikuchitika atamwa ndi timadzi wa hypothalamic TRH (thyrotropin-kumasuka timadzi).

Free triiodothyronine (fT3)

Chiwerengero fT3 ndi% 0,25 yekha okwana T3 magazi. Monga momwe taonera, T3 mu magazi ndi zochepa kwambiri kusiyana ndi T4, koma, ngakhale, mawonekedwe ake ufulu yekha theka T4 freeform.

Ndi ufulu mtundu SHCHZ mahomoni amachititsa ntchito yawo kwachilengedwenso. Triiodothyronine (timadzi) zambiri yogwira thyroxine. N'chifukwa chake ufulu mlingo wa metabolisticheskoe ake ambiri amadziwika kanthu mahomoni chithokomiro.

Thyroxine: Ntchito

T4 biologically kusonkhana. Koma ngati n'koyenera, akhoza mchikakamizo cha selenium amadalira enzyme monodeiodinase n'kukhala T3 mbali.

ntchito Thyroxine timadzi mu thupi amachita chomwecho zofunika monga triiodothyronine. Ndicho T4 ndi udindo kwa kupanga vitamini A mu chiwindi, kumapangitsa kagayidwe mapuloteni, bwanji zamadzimadzi (mafuta) kagayidwe, nthawi mlingo wa triglycerides ndi mafuta zoipa magazi, zimakhudza mapangidwe moyenera fupa minofu, umene uli wofunika makamaka ana.

Kodi pobwezera kusanthula pa mahomoni SHCHZ?

Kuti apange kuphunzira mlingo SHCHZ mahomoni kupulumutsa magazi mokwanira kuchokera mtsempha pa kuwunika. Izi zikhoza kuchitika mu chipinda chithandizo.

Kuphunzira anapambana odalirika kwambiri ndipo zimenezi zimachititsa mosasonkhezeredwa ndi zinthu zina, mwezi umodzi kupereka magazi kwa kusanthula m'pofunika kuti achotse phwando kukonzekera m'thupi. Kumene, ayenera kuti anagwirizana ndi dokotala. masiku 3-5 asanayambe tsiku tikulimbikitsidwa kuti achotse mankhwala okhala ndi ayodini zikuchokera.

Asanalankhule magazi zitsanzo zosankhidwazi wodwalayo sayenera kutenga mayeso aliyense X-ray. Madzulo kupereka magazi ali osavomerezeka chifukwa ntchito yapamwamba thupi ndi mavuto (Mpikisano masewera, mayeso ndi zina zotero. D.). Asanalowe kuphunzira ndi chiphaso kusanthula mtima ndi bwino kukhala ndi kupuma kwa mphindi 15-30.

mfundo Normal SHCHZ mahomoni

Ife tinapeza kodi thupi masewero thyroxine ndi triiodothyronine, ndi apanga tsiku limene zigawo zikuluzikulu, amene zinthu ndi udindo seramu awo kumanga, momwe kuti mayeso kwa mahomoni izi. Tsopano yang'anani pa mtengo zawo, ndipo kodi matenda iwo achuluke kapena kuchepa. Mfundo mahomoni izi kuperekedwa ku gome pansipa:

Amene matenda kumawonjezera fT3?

Free triiodothyronine akhoza zochuluka matenda otsatirawa:

• Hyperthyroidism ndi yaikulu kapena sekondale.
• T3 toxicosis lakutali.
• Thyroiditis.
• Hypothyroidism T4 zosagwira.
• Choriocarcinoma.
• kukaniza matenda SHCHZ mahomoni.
• Kutsitsa ndende ya thyroxine-amamanga globulin.
• Aakulu chiwindi matenda.
• Mu hemodialysis.
• Nephrotic syndrome.
• Pambuyo mankhwala ndi ayodini nyukiliya.

Nthawi zina, pali kuchepa fT3?

Kutsitsa magazi fT3 kumachitika zinthu zotsatirazi:

• Hypothyroidism ndi zapulaimale sekondale kapena ukachenjede.
• Netireoidnaya kudwala wa aakulu, kuphatikizapo matenda amaganizo ndi somatic (sitiroko, m'mnyewa wamtima ndi T. D.).
• Yaitali kusala kapena zakudya ndi mowa otsika mapuloteni chakudya.
• Nthawi wolakwayo pambuyo pathologies kwambiri ndi ntchito.
• Ngati uncompensated chachikulu adrenal insufficiency.
• Mu akazi ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi katundu.
• Mu trimester wachitatu wa mimba (fT3 mlingo pa mimba likunena amachepetsa kuchokera trimester ndi mapeto a lachitatu umakhala kutchulidwa).
• Pa phwando la mankhwala zotsatirazi: amiodarone, androgens, propranolol, salicylates, iodinated X-ray Mosiyana wothandizira.

Komanso, kusinthasintha nyengo n'zotheka fT3. Zolemba malire mu nthawi kuchokera September mpaka February, ndi osachepera miyezi ya chilimwe.

zizindikiro za hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism - ndi osakwanira kaphatikizidwe SHCHZ mahomoni. Pankhaniyi, zizindikiro izi zingachitike:

• Ulesi, kutopa ndi tulo.
• Zikamera kulemera muyeso umene sangathe ankalamulira kudzera zolimbitsa thupi ndi zakudya.
• Zonse maganizo.
• Pakhoza kukhala kuchepa thupi kutentha mpaka madigiri 35,6.
• Kuyabwa khungu, dryness ake ndi kutupa.
• Tsitsi imfa ndi dandruff, zomwe si pochitika ngakhale pambuyo ntchito shampu mankhwala.
• Ndichepe kugunda kwa mtima (bradycardia).
• Utachepa magazi.
• Loss yokumbukira ndi anachita.
• Zonse kudzimbidwa.
• Akazi zingachititse kulephera kupita kumwezi ndi osabereka.

zizindikiro za hyperthyroidism

Hyperthyroidism - ichi owonjezera kaphatikizidwe SHCHZ mahomoni. Pankhaniyi, pali zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• Kuchuluka kudya motero kuwonda.
• General kufooka, zimene angakhale pagalimoto kung'anima.
• Flabbiness ndi khungu dryness.
• palpitations mtima ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi.
• Kuwonjezera thupi kutentha mpaka madigiri 37,5.
• matenda kusamba amai ndi osabereka.
• Zikavuta, olemba kuwonjezeka SHCHZ ndi exophthalmia.

Kupewa SHCHZ matenda

Mabele England timadzi ake kuchita ntchito yofunika kwa thupi, kotero muyenera kuyan'ana mkhalidwe wa thupi. Izi zachitika pa tizipima pachaka. Ngati ndi kotheka, adokotala kupereka malangizo kwa ultrasound ndi mayesero timadzi SHCHZ.

Pofuna kupewa SHCHZ ndi akusowa timadzi matenda a thupi tiyenera kuphatikiza zakudya zanu Zakudya ayodini. Zikuphatikizapo pafupifupi onse nsomba (nsomba, fulonda, nsomba, nkhanu, Seaweed), zipatso (persimmons, nthochi, malalanje), masamba (anyezi, adyo, chotchezera, biringanya). Mwa kutsatira malangizo osavuta, mukhoza kalekale kuteteza umoyo wa chithokomiro England ndi lonse chamoyo.