Kuchiza ndi thandizo kwa epistaxis

Tsiku ndi tsiku, nosebleeds si zachilendo ndipo zingachitike ngati munthu wamkulundi mwana. Koyamba, izo mwamtheradi chabwinobwino chodabwitsa, koma kwenikweni akhoza anamva kudwala kwambiri. Takumana ndi vuto limeneli, kuli kofunika kudziwa zimene thandizo kwa epistaxis ayenera kuperekedwa kwa wodwala, chifukwa boma ndi choopsa kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zina moyo pachiswe.

mwachidule

A chikhalidwe pathological mu womwenso kuchokera njira za m'mphuno magazi, wotchedwa epitaksisom. chodabwitsa A wamba ndithu, angayambe pa m'badwo uliwonse.

Ngati matenda osowa, odwala pafupifupi sapita kwa dokotala ndi improvised njira kusiya nosebleeds. Zifukwa, thandizo, chithandizo zomwe zingasiyane malingana pamene musabise ndi kukha mwazi lalikulu zimachitika kawirikawiri ndi chifukwa kuwonongeka wa thanzi.

Zimayambitsa epistaxis

Kuonetsetsa zimayambitsa m'deralo ndi ambiri a nosebleeds.

Zimayambitsa m'deralo monga:

• mwakayakaya wa mphuno (wovulala, kuvulala).
• Neoplasms mu m'mphuno (tizilombo ting'onoting'ono, zotupa).
• kusintha Dystrophic (kupindika septum, aakulu atrophic rhinitis sitepe).
• Burns m'mphuno a etiology zosiyanasiyana.
• The dryness wa zimagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana za m'mphuno.
• matenda ENT (adenoids ana, sinusitis).

zimayambitsa Common:

• Kuwonjezeka lakuthwa (matenda oopsa) ndi kutsitsa magazi (hypotension).
• Kutenthedwa wa thupi, sunstroke.
• matenda a mtima, kachitidwe haematopoietic.
• Kudwala impso ndi chiwindi.
• kusintha m'thupi (mimba, isanayambike menses atsikana).
• olimbitsa thupi.
• Magazi m'thupi.
• Kupeza thupi zakunja mphuno (makamaka ana).

Ngakhale kuti kudwala zambiri watsimikiza lokha (mothandizidwa ndi mpheto yeniyeni), thandizo kwa epistaxis ayenera kuperekedwa Mulimonsemo. Iwo m'pofunika kuchita izo posachedwapa imfa magazi sanazichite kuwonongeka kwa boma onse a thanzi.

Nosebleeds: Mitundu

Mu yochizira matenda, kusiyanitsa nosebleeds pa malo malo, mwamphamvu ndi nthawi. 90% milandu nkhani kudwala Kisselbaha zone (zapambuyo septum ndi plexus mtima). Pa nthawi imeneyi, ziwiya ndi pafupi pamwamba. magazi amenewa si kwambiri ndipo kulibe vuto moyo.

Pa kumbuyo kwa kutanthauzira ziwiya lalikulu kuonongeka, kwambiri kuchuluka kwa magazi adzamasulidwa. thandizo kwa epistaxis mu nkhani iyi ayenera kukhala mwamsanga ndi kuyendetsedwa ndi akatswiri. Tima kuchepetsa kutaya mwazi okha ndi zosatheka.

Malinga ndi mphamvu ndi buku la kutaya magazi amadziŵika:

• nosebleeds pang'ono - akudutsa popanda kuwonongeka kutchulidwa mu boma zizindikiro thanzi wodwalayo. Iwo anataya ku Botolo ochepa magazi, omwe si moyo pachiswe.
• Avereji (zolimbitsa) nosebleeds - wodwalayo angaganize malaise, zikamera wa tinnitus limapezeka wotumbululuka khungu. Iwo anataya pafupifupi 15% ya magazi (300 ml).
• Strong (tima) nosebleeds - thandizo kwa wodwala mu nkhani iyi, ayenera kupatsidwa nthawi yomweyo. kutaya magazi kungakhale kwa madzi okwanira 1. Ndi zinadzala ndi hemorrhagic mantha, imfa ya chikumbumtima, kuchepa lakuthwa magazi.

diagnostics

Pamene ntchito kwa katswiri mankhwala oyenerera kuthandiza kafukufuku pulayimale ndi mafunso odwala. Nthawi zina kubala matenda kusiyanitsidwa kuti kusiyanitsa ku epistaxis m'mapapo mwanga kapena muzituluka.

Kudziwa mtundu wa kudwala dokotala n'kukulemberani rhinoscopy (m'mphuno endoscopy). Kayendesedwe ifufuza gwero la magazi, kutenga chuma yosanthula mubale zikunena microsurgical. X-ray n'zofunika milandu amaganiziridwa wovulala.

N'chifukwa chiyani magazi kuchokera mphuno mwa ana?

Chifukwa ambiri nosebleeds ana - kuwonongeka kwa m'mphuno. Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri pamene kutola mphuno yake, koma kudzali patapita kumenya yachilendo chinthu (mbali yaing'ono ya zidole, mabatani). thandizo kwa nosebleed ayenera kuperekedwa kwa mwana nthawi.

Wachinyamata, thupi pansi katundu mkulu (maphunziro, thupi, psycho-maganizo) ndi mahomoni kusintha, zomwe zingachititse chitukuko cha kudwala.

thandizo kwa nosebleed ndi: ndi aligorivimu zochita

Kuthandiza wodwalayo ndi epistaxis ayenera kutsatira malamulo otsatirawa:

• Wodwala ayenera kutsimikizira. Maganizo chisangalalo, nkhawa kugunda kwa mtima, womwe kumawonjezera kutaika kwa magazi. Ndi zokwanira kupuma wogawana kwambiri.
• Kupereka malo olondola. Wodwalayo zofunika mpando, pang'ono mapendekeredwe mutu wanu patsogolo. Izo kutiletsa kuponyera mmbuyo mutu wake mmbuyo! Mmalo awa, magazi adzagwera m'mimba, yomwe INGATHE kuyambitsa kusanza. Mutu ndichotse patsogolo, mukhoza kuyan'ana kuchuluka kwa magazi otaika.
• Kukankhira mbali ya mphuno ndi zala zanu. Izi zidzathandiza kuti achepetsa ziwiya.
• Mlengi amene dera ozizira pa mphuno (ayezi akhathamiritsa nsalu mu madzi ozizira).
• Adzagwa mu njira za m'mphuno vasoconstrictive madontho ( "Naphthyzinum", "Farmazolin").
• Lowani swabs thonje mphuno. Izi zachitika milandu magazi amaganiziridwa kapena kumbuyo ngati mulibe ntchito miyeso pamwamba. Zotsatira zabwino, swabs wasambitsa ndi njira ya hydrogen peroxide.

Apadera thandizo n'kofunika, ngati mwasiya wekha kwa mphindi 20 sizingatheke ndi epistaxis. Pankhaniyi, wodwala sayenera kuitana (kuvomerezedwa) kwa ambulansi.

kusamala

Wodwalayo ndi epistaxis sangathe anaika. Zimenezi kokha kuonjezera kumaliseche magazi kuti akhoza kulowa m'mapapo kapena kum'mero. Amagwiritsidwanso choletsedwa kuwomba mphuno wake kumasula njira za m'mphuno mwa magazi kuundana. Izi zidzapangitsa kuti yopuma wa thrombus ndi rebleeding.

thandizo kwa epistaxis ana si wosiyana ndi wa akulu, koma makolo ayenera agwirire ntchito za mwanayo. Ngati chifukwa cha kudwala ndi kugunda ndi chinthu chatsopano, izo ndikoletsedwa kuti paokha. mpheto aliyense zimenezi n'cholinga zina kuwononga mucosal pamwamba ndi kuonjezera magazi.

Pamene ntchito kuti magazi asiye kutuluka tampon, ayenera wasambitsa ndi wa hydrogen peroxide, pamaso akuchotsa m'mphuno lapansi. Kukoka swab youma akhoza kuwononga magazi aumirira ndi magazi adzapita kachiwiri.

kuchipatala ayenera kusonyezedwa recurrences pafupipafupi magazi m'mphuno. Komanso zikuoneka emesis ndi magazi m'thupi la wodwala, kuthamanga kwa magazi, pamaso pa pathologies zokhudza mapangidwe ndi magazi clotting, zoopsa za mphuno, lalikulu magazi otayika.

Kodi kuchitira?

Zikavuta, izo zikusonyeza apadera thandizo. Pamene mphuno magazi kuti kumatenga nthawi yaitali kuposa mphindi 20, wodwalayo amafuna m'chipatala. mankhwala amene anasankhidwa ndi dokotala malinga ndi mtundu wa kudwala. wothandizila Hemostatic akhoza kutumikiridwa jekeseni mu mnofu (i.v.) kapena pakamwa.

Kuwonjezera magazi clotting :

• "Dicynonum" (sodium wochuluka etamzilat) - anatengedwa mu mawonekedwe a mapiritsi kapena kutumikiridwa ndi jekeseni. Amalima mofulumira hemostatic zotsatira ndipo sayambitsa chodziwa clotting, zomwe zimathandiza kuti ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali (zotchulidwa dokotala).
• Kashiamu kolorayidi - amasankhidwa patsogolo ntchito ya mankhwala hemostatic. Imathandiza kuti kusintha kwa contractility mtima.
• Aminokopronovaya asidi - amachepetsa permeability mtima ndi kutsekereza ndondomeko ya thinners magazi. M'nsinga, koma ena contraindications.
• "Vikasol" - ndi analogi wa vitamini K, akusonyeza mavuto a clotting magazi.

Mukhoza ntchito pa vuto mothandizidwa ndi maphikidwe mwambo mankhwala. Zomera monga m'busa chikwama, nettle, yarrow ndi katundu hemostatic.

njira opaleshoni

Nthawi zina, pamene thandizo kwa epistaxis ndi mankhwala sapereka zotsatira zabwino, zithunzi opaleshoni. The Kugawilidwa kwanthaka losavuta opaleshoni kusiya magazi kuchokera m'mphuno ndi moxibustion mucosal padziko (coagulation) laser, magetsi, ultrasound, madzi asafe kapena zinthu zapadera (siliva nitrate njira, asidi trichloroacetic).

Malinga ndi kusalekerera ndi pafupipafupi epistaxis zisadzachitikenso mwina tisonyezeni jekeseni pansi pa amphuno mucosal pamwamba "lidocaine wa" kapena "Novocain" ligation Mitsempha.