Udzu ndi mitengo: zimaonetsa malo achilengedwe

Podziwa maphunziro madera mfundo zachibwanabwana, ambiri mwa ophunzirawo mu liwu limodzi kunena kuti m'tchire ndi mitengo - .. N'chimodzimodzinso zachilengedwe m'dera monga m'dera limeneli, steppe, Titafika pamalo chipululu, etc. Nkhani lakonzedwa kupereka zambiri yotsimikizika ndi momveka chiphunzitso cha savannah ndi mitengo.

malo Hrs

Choncho, savannah ndi mitengo - malo achilengedwe, amene angapezeke okha mabacteria ena linalake. Iwo inafalitsidwa mu mabacteria subequatorial mu hemispheres onse, ndi mbali yaing'ono ili mu mayiko kotentha. More ndendende, iwo mwachirengedwe ili pa theka la Afrika (40% malo okwana). Kodi zachilendo ndipo m'tchire mitengo komanso America South, kumpoto ndi kum'mawa m'madera a Asiya (mwachitsanzo mu Indochina), komanso mu Australia.

Nthawi zambiri ndi malo ndi chinyezi osakwanira kukula yachibadwa rainforest. Kawirikawiri iwo anayamba awo "chitukuko" mu mtima m'dzikoli.

Zone savannah ndi woodland. nyengo Features

Pakuti madera ambiri achilengedwe chifukwa yaikulu ya nyama mbali, zomera ndi chikhalidwe nthaka, poyamba pa zonse, nyengo ndi kutentha mwachindunji ndi kusintha kutentha (onse diurnal ndi nyengo).

Kuchokera pa mbali pamwamba pa malo Hrs wa savannah, ndi zomveka kunena kuti nyengo zonse chaka amakhala ndi yotentha pano, amene chikondwerero m'nyengo yozizira mpweya youma otentha m'chilimwe M'malo mwake, chimakhala chogwidwa ndi yamphamvu chinyezi. Kuchotsa deta ku madera a lamba kunyanja, motero, bwanji kuchepetsa mvula kwa osachepera miyezi 2-3 ndi khalidwe izo 8-9. Kodi kokhazikika kusintha nyengo kutentha - izo zimasokoneza kusiyana pazipita ndi madigiri 20. Komabe, kusiyana tsiku lalikulu kwambiri - izo angafikire kusintha monga mmene 25 madigiri.

nthaka

Boma la nthaka, chonde ake mwachindunji amadalira nthawi ya nyengo ya mvula komanso amakhala ndi leachability mkulu. Choncho, pafupi ndi equator ndi nkhalango kunyanja ya zone wachibadwa wa udzu ndi mitengo, ndipo ndi malo awo, yodziwika ndi okhutira mkulu wa dothi lofiira. M'madera mvula kumatenga miyezi 7-9, dothi ambiri ferrallitic. Places ndi mvula mu miyezi 6 ndi wochepa "chuma" Sava dothi red-bulauni. M'madera slabooroshaemyh ndi mvula ikugwa yekha miyezi awiri kapena atatu, anapanga zosafunika nthaka ndi wosanjikiza woonda kwambiri a humus (humus) - mpaka 3-5% ya pazipita lapansi.

Ngakhale nthaka ngati cophimba ndi, akhala ntchito zochita za anthu - kwambiri zothandiza awa ntchito odyetserako ziweto ndi kulimapo osiyana, koma chifukwa ntchito molakwika madera kale kwadzaoneni kuwasandutsa m'madera kutopa komanso m'chipululu, sanathe zina mwanjira kudyetsa anthu ndi nyama.

Biota

Kuti tipulumuke wotere oyaka, nyama ayenera kuti azolowere deralo, monga ndithudi m'madera ena onse. Udzu ndi mitengo kudabwa zinyama wolemera. Mwachitsanzo, mu Africa m'madera m'tchire kuli anthu ambiri nyama: .. akadyamsonga rhinos, njovu, wildebeest, afisi, cheetahs, mikango, mbidzi, etc. Pa gawo la America South, pali Nyama Zodya Chiswe, armadillos, nthiwatiwa, rheas, etc. achuluka .. ndipo chiwerengero cha mbalame -. ziri wowopsa mlembi mbalame, nthiwatiwa African, Sunbird, mbalame zina, etc. Mu Australia, "anthu" a udzu ndi mitengo ndi kangaroos ndi abale awo marsupial, dingo zakutchire. Herbivores amasamukira pa chilala ku madera bwino kupatsidwa madzi ndi chakudya, njira imene nthawi amakhala zinthu za kusaka zolusa kwambiri (ndi anthu kwambiri). Common mu udzu ndi chiswe.

Pofotokoza zomera za malo achilengedwe, monga udzu ndi mitengo, sikutheka osanenapo za malambe m'mayiko - mitengo chodabwitsa, ngati ngamila kudziunjikira nkhokwe madzi lake. nyama mthethe wamba, epiphytes, mitengo ya kanjedza, quebracho, mtengo cacti, etc ... Mu nthawi ya chilala, ambiri a iwo amatembenuka chikasu, kufota, koma ndi kubera mvula chilengedwe chonse ngati anabadwa mobwerezabwereza kumapangitsa anafika kusonkhanitsa mphamvu ndi kukonzekera chilala lotsatira .