Zosangalatsa za Nyanja Baikal - kuya madzi oyera nyanza ya dziko

expanses lalikulu la Russia anatchuka chifukwa zinthu zachilengedwe. Chodabwitsa chitatu ya dziko amatchedwa chodabwitsa nyanja Baikal. Am'deralo mwaulemu anamuyitana iye nyanja, ndikukhulupirira mu mphamvu yake yapadera. Zosangalatsa za Baikal nyanja nyanja kukhala wapadera: ndi wamkulu, kuya ndi loonekeratu mwatsopano madzi posungira. Iye - waukulu chipinda chodyeramo kumwa madzi pa dziko.

nyanja Map

Lonena mfundo zonse chidwi za m'nyanja, choyamba onse ayenera kumatsatira malo ake. Baikal lili kum'mwera kwa kum'mawa Siberia, pakati pa dera Irkutsk ndi Buryatia. Iwo ali kachigawo mawonekedwe. Kutalika kwa m'litali ndi 630 Km, pafupifupi m'lifupi - 50 Km. Onse mosungiramo malo pafupifupi 32 zikwi mamita lalikulu. Km, m. e. pamwamba pake sankavutika mayiko monga Netherlands, Belgium ndi Denmark kuthetsedwa. Tangoganizani, munthu chabe yaikulu nyanja Russia angafanane ndi dera la dziko lonse European!

Mosungiramo thanki - ndi Beseni lalikululi, kuya pazipita zomwe tawerenga otsiriza ukufika 1642 mamita Uyu kaundula china .. Nyanja Baikal - pa nyanja kuya pa dziko. Tanganyika ndi Nyanja ya Caspian ndi pokhapokha malo lachiwiri ndi lachitatu. Pofuna kudziwa pazipita mozama pa nyanja, asayansi zoposa 1.3 miliyoni miyezo!

Otsetsereka a kum'mawa kwa beseni ake ali wofatsa mapiri, pamene unali kumadzulo - miyala, phompho.

Zosangalatsa za Baikal nkhawa ndipo msinkhu wake. Asayansi ambiri tanthauzo ndi nyanja yakale kwambiri mu dziko, tingadziwe kuti inakhalapo zaka miliyoni 25-30 zapitazo. A mbiri chithunzi, popeza kuti ena matupi ngati madzi padziko lathuli moyo mpaka zaka 20 zikwi, pang'onopang'ono ang'onoang'ono ndi zabolachivayas.

amapereka madzi

Nyanja ya Baikal, mfundo zosangalatsa zimene malingaliro, ndi mosungiramo kwambiri madzi mu dziko. Malinga ndi ziwerengero akhakula, voliyumu ya kiyubiki mamita 23.600. Km, umene uli 20% ya nkhokwe dziko la madzi akumwa. Izi kuposa buku okwana madzimadzi wotchuka asanu Great Lakes a North America - Ontario, Erie, Aakulu, Michigan ndi Huron. Izi ndi nthawi 25 kuposa mu Nyanja Ladoga.

Pakuti momveka kwambiri, tikhoza kuganiza kuti ngati inu kutsanulira lonse Baikal madzi thanki, ndiye kuti zonse Russian chiyenera kukhala 3,000 thanki magalimoto! Wotchuka wasayansi Kolotilo LG anayamikira mtengo yothandiza ya Baikal nkhokwe ya thililiyoni 236 dollars.

Onse mfundo zimenezi chidwi za Baikal mu kufunika kwa anthu sizingafanane ndi chakuti madzi a posungira - woyera, abwino, ngakhale popanda otentha, ndi chisanadze mankhwala. Mu 21 m'ma mafuta ndi gasi mapaipi, mafakitale ndi zomera, lotayako ndi mphamvu za nyukiliya, mbiri ili yekha Baikal. madzi ndi choyera kuti chilungamo chake chifikira akuya 40 m.

Chinthu ichi chinali motsimikiza kuti mupezeke mu 1996 Baikal mu mndandanda wa malo UNESCO World Heritage.

Biota

The zambiri wotchuka Nyanja Baikal? Chidwi mfundo (ana - makamaka) ikukhudzana makamaka zomera zake modabwitsa osiyanasiyana ndi zomera. Kuya madzi mumakhala mitundu oposa 2,500 a nyama ndi zomera. Ambiri mwa zamoyo ali kuderako, mwachitsanzo Paliponse mu dziko salinso anapeza. Izi whitefish, umber, sculpin, Baikalian Nsombazi, kufika kulemera kwa makilogalamu 100, njoka yam'madzi, mumapezeka nsomba, omul wapadera viviparous nsomba kansomba zimene 40% tichipeza mafuta ndi ena. Pa kuya kwambiri moyo nyama wakale kwambiri - thonje. Nyanjayi ndi wotchuka kwa zisindikizo - chisindikizo Baikal. Asayansi sanathe kupeleka yankho lomveka bwino mmene muli pano. Moti - anadza pa Angara ndi Yenisei ku Ocean Arctic.

Kafukufuku anatsimikizira kuti malire a masiku ano Baikal yomweyo analowa zinyamazi, mammoths ndi wamaonekedwe a nkhope yaubweya zipembere. Tsopano apa moyo zimbalangondo, agwape ndi lofunika Barguzin sable. Asian Ulendo Wautali, musk nswala, Olkhon vole ndi mbalame zina zambiri chidwi cha Alonda mbalame padziko lonse.

Kudera m'mphepete mwa nyanja wolemera mitengo wapadera. M'mphepete kukula relict spruce, wamphamvu Siberia mkungudza, mitengo stilted. Asayansi apeza larch mtengo, amene m'badwo zaka zoposa 700.

Other zosangalatsa za Baikal

The dzi nyanja imeneyi? List kungakhale yaitali.

1. Nyanja akuthamanga 350 mitsinje (kuchokera m'ma 19 mochedwa, chithunzi ichi sichidachitika chinaneneratu). Awa, yaikulu ndi Upper Angara, Turk, Sarma, Snow, mtsinje Barguzin ndi Selenga. Ndizoonekeratu ku Baikal yokha 1 mtsinje - ndi Angara.
2. Dziwe lagona mu zone seismically yogwira. Apa mobwerezabwereza olembedwa chivomezi mfundo 6-7, ndipo mu August 2008 dziko lapansi linagwedezeka ndi mphamvu mfundo 9.1.
3. Kwa chiyero madzi oyang'anira tosaoneka crustacean kuderako - Baikal epishura ndi mbali zofunika za umoyo la nyanja topezeka kudera.
4. Ozizira madzi a m'nyanja padziko kutentha chabe avareji mpaka +10 ... + 12 madigiri, kumalo makamaka dzuwa - mpaka madigiri 15, pa kutentha pansi + ... + 4 madigiri 2 okha.

Nyanja ya Baikal, mfundo zosangalatsa za zimene tatchulazi, anafunsa mafunso ambiri asayansi. Sikunathetse mpaka zochitika ngati zachilendo ngati:

• yaikulu ayezi mapiri dzenje wapadera nyanja;
• lalikulu mdima mphete etymology wosadziwika, kusamuka pansi ayezi;
• nthawi zikuchitika pamwamba nkhambakamwa kuwala ndi ngatimadzi yowala.