Kodi Matope omwe ankakokoloka anawononga: tanthauzo, zimayambitsa, zotsatila

Kawirikawiri nkhani pali malipoti a n'kugwa zimene zinachitika mu madera osiyana a dziko, kapena dziko. Nthawi zambiri timamva za zigumukire kubwera pansi mu zigawo lamapiri. ndiye thanthwe mathithi Kodi ndi zigumukire? Kodi mavuto angachite, ndipo kodi pali njira iliyonse kudziteteza ku zochitika zachilengedwe?

n'kugwa

Kung'anima kulekana kwa miyala kuchokera zambiri amatchedwa kugwa. Iwo angayambe mapiri, pa gombe phompho la nyanja, pa gombe la mitsinje ndi zigwa. N'chifukwa chiyani dziko atagona otsetsereka ndi mwadzidzidzi n'kugwa?

Nthawi zambiri kugumuka zimachitika pa zifukwa zotsatirazi:

- chifukwa cha kusamba madzi kutali steepness wa otsetsereka ANKACHULUKA,
- pamene kwambiri wetting kapena weathering wa miyala mphamvu amachepetsa,
- pansi mmene chivomezi,
- chifukwa zochita za anthu.

Kutha osati zofewa thanthwe nthaka. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti limodzi Atagwidwa mwala mu mapiri, akuponya pansi otsetsereka, limakokera miyendo ndi mazana a ena, iwo akutchedwa Matope omwe ankakokoloka anawononga. n'kugwa Large ambiri uka chifukwa cha zivomezi. Chinachitika Suli kutali ndi kumene anthu, nkhani zoterozo kungayambitse tsoka. The kwambiri kwa iwo amakwanitsa kusintha zimachititsa chilumbachi alili. ndi mathithi Kodi, mukhoza kuona mwa kuchezera Nyanja Sarez. Kuti inakhalapo chifukwa kugwa amphamvu mu 1911, amene anali nawo kiyubiki mamita 2.2 biliyoni thanthwe. The waukulu agwa mu mtsinje, kutchinga izo. Mu njira iyi, komanso nyanja unapangidwa.

mitundu

Tsopano zikuonekeratu kuti n'kugwa amenewa. Koma likukhalira ali mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Ngati kugwa mbali ya kiyubiki mamita zosakwana 5 miyala, akuti ndi ochepa Matope omwe ankakokoloka anawononga. Small - mpaka kiyubiki mamita 50. Avereji - kuchokera kiyubiki mamita 50 mpaka matani a. Akuluakulu zambiri kuposa wina tani thanthwe.

Malinga ndi ziwerengero za mathithi onse a chachikulu - yaing'ono. Awo amapezeka pafupifupi 70% ya chiwerengero. Avereji - mu lachiwiri: dongosolo la 15%. Choncho inali yaikulu osowa - osachepera 5% ya chonse pamodzi. yosowa kwambiri - ndi pafupipafupi 0,05% - pali chimphona kapena zoopsa n'kugwa. Mu zochitika amenewa ankachita yaikulu ya miyala - mamiliyoni ndi mabiliyoni a kiyubiki mamita.

zotsatira

Ambiri a dziko amadziwa kuti n'kugwa amenewa. Ndipo ife tonse tikudziwa kuti mmene nthawi zina ndithu chidwi. Komanso, zotsatira za kugumuka ndipo pali zoopsa. zochitika zimenezi zingachititse kugwa embankments sitima blockages yaikulu, chionongeko nyumba ndi nkhalango. Pali milandu pamene chimphona thanthwe mathithi anali chinaperekedwa osefukira kwambiri ndi imfa ya moyo. Kugwa kwa mtundu uwu nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa cha zivomezi zamphamvu - Mfundo 7.

siyani

Pali njira kuthana ndi kugumuka, koma kufotokoza kulikonse, osati ndi kugwa afuna ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, pa Black Sea gombe sitima akuthamanga kuchokera Tuapse kuti Sukhumi. Kumbali ina ya intaneti kusokoneza amphamvu mafunde a m'nyanja, limene chigamulo kutetezera njira ya nyumba analimbitsa simenti. Komano - ovuta yotsetsereka. Kugumuka pofuna kuteteza makoma mwala kuti asiye kugwa miyala. Mofananamo kuteteza ndi misewu phiri. Mwatsoka, njira izi kuchepetsa mavuto obwera chifukwa cha kugumuka okha milandu n'kugwa zazing'ono.

Kodi overhang kwambiri wa miyala, pali njira imodzi basi pinakwanisa kupulumusa anthu ndi nyumba ku tsoka - paokha, popanda kuyembekezera tsoka kuwononga miyala. kulimbitsa malo otsetsereka nawo zochepa kwambiri, ndiye akum'teteza ndi hoops wa zitsulo ming'alu anatsanulira simenti, etc. Ngati pali chiopsezo cha kugwa pafupi midzi, anthu okhala ndi kusamutsidwa, ndi m'mudzi - .. kusamukira ku malo ena.

zigumukire

Kugwa simungakhoze basi agwedezeka. Mu mapiri, chipale anaphimba, amayambira zigumukire - chisanu misa imene imagwera pa phiri otsetsereka, kawirikawiri amakhala amphamvu zowononga kwenikweni. Chifukwa zigumukire zimachitika? chakuti chisanu lili m'mbali mwa wosanjikiza sakanikira. zigawo zosiyana ndi osiyana stiffness zolumikizira ake. Ndipo pamene lumikiza pakati pa zigawo ndi ofooka, pamwamba wosanjikiza monga amazembera.

Chigumukire kusiyanitsa pamwamba kudza chimodzi kapena zingapo zigawo chapamwamba, ndipo polnoglubinnye, kutenga lonse ❖ kuyanika phiri, wosasamalira dziko lapansi. Komanso chigumukire kungakhale yonyowa kapena youma, malingana zili madzi. Start chigumukire ndi ina, koma akhoza kusweka ndi msoko, kusiya misozi mzere. Chigumukire mukukhulupirira iliyonse chisanu Sungunulani kuti akhoza kubweretsa pansi magalimoto anu ndi miyendo anthu.

Pofuna amanena Mwina chigumukire ndi lagona pa zinthu zambiri. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri ndi nyengo. Komabe, mofanana kwambiri ndi zamoyo wa chivundikiro chipale chofewa, koma zimatengera pa nyengo. Ndipo chifukwa skier kapena climber amatha kupenda onse a magawo awa, siyenera kapena za wina wa iwo.

zigumukire zotsatira

Panopa, zigumukire angabweretse chiopsezo kwa gawo lalikulu la othamanga ndi alendo anapita ku mapiri. Nthawi zambiri iwo kupeza mafani kuti kumakwera pamthuthuthu mu mapiri, okwera mapiri ndi skiers. Amphamvu chigumukire akhoza kuphimba midzi, kusesa zonse m'njira zamoyo zake ndi zopanda moyo. Nthawi zina phiri misewu mu njira ya tsoka. Pite kuti asiye bola m'lifupi lonse la chigumukire sadzakhala kuchotsedwa njira.

kupewa

Mu malo miyambo yozizira holide izo kalekale kofala kwa chongopeka kukopa kugwa. Chigumukire ku nkhani iyi ndi yaing'ono, izo sizidzawapweteka kusonkhana.

Kotero, anaganiza mokakamizidwa chisanu anakomoka ndi zida zankhondo, mortars ndi njira zina. Komanso mu njira ya chigumukire zotheka maofesi a magalimoto anakhazikitsa, chimene chingaletse patsogolo chisanu, kapena msanga pansi. Zotsatira zabwino, phukusi lonse la miyeso ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, wodziwika panopa. Only ntchito yogwira, kungokhala chete ndi zomangamanga njira angapulumutse anthu musakhale ndi chigumukire wa.

ngozi chigumukire si panthawi wobadwira. Pa gulu la chisanu angathe mkangano ndi kutentha pamwamba ziro. Ndipo pa nthawi choti ndipamene kutumphuka olimba kwambiri, zomwe ndi zovuta kwambiri kuti ndisiye ngakhale munthu wamba - ndi matupi labwinobwino ndiponso mu bata maganizo. Komabe, wagwidwa chigumukire ndi analandira kuvulala zosiyanasiyana, wopatsa chidwi, kupanga izo zosatheka.