Viktor Popkov - Soviet wojambula: yonena, zithunzi. Popkov Viktor Efimovich (1932-1974)

Viktor Popkov - zojambulajambula ndi wojambula likutipatsa, wolemba ntchito luso pachiyambi, ambiri amene ankaimira mu Tretyakov Gallery. Mwana anapulumuka nkhondo yoopsa, mu zojambula yake, Yesu anapatsa zinthu zopweteka ndi mtima mkati, amene ankachitika mu zaka zovuta kwa dziko. Iye anapanga omvera chisoni ndi makhalidwe ake ndi makhalidwe iwo, chisoni ndi makhalidwe.

ubwana

Popkov Viktor Efimovich (1932 -. 1974) anabadwira ku Moscow m'banja la anthu wamba. Bambo ndi mayi ku m'badwo woyambirira anazolowera kugwira ntchito mwakhama, amayenda malo kufufuza ntchito.

Viktor Popkov anali mwana wachiwiri m'banja la ana anayi. Uthenga wa imfa ya bambo ake pankhondo inafika pamene zojambulajambula tsogolo zaka zisanu ndi zinayi, ndi m'bale wake wamng'ono - miyezi ingapo. Amayi anapempha mwamuna wake, zoyenera yekha kwa ana, ndi osakwatiwa. Koma rebyatnyu kuvala mapazi awo, onse anapatsidwa maphunziro oyenera.

banja Popkov inali paubwenzi koma osauka. Ana kwambiri mayi ake ndi kuwona ntchito yake molimba, kuyesera kuti kumvera zonse ndipo alibe kukhumudwitsa. Pozindikira kuti ogwirizana ndi mataye wolimba magazi, anyamata anakulira pamodzi pafupifupi popanda kukangana ndi maganizo, wokonzeka kupulumutsa wina ndi mzake ndi kupereka thandizo kutero.

Amayi, Stepanida Ivanovna, kukonda ana awo ndipo anayesera kuwaphunzitsa mwamphamvu, koma mwachikondi.

Chotero ali mwana mwakuwoneka linali losangalala ndimachita mavuto ena angapo (kuwonjezera imfa ya atate ake ndi zosowa okhazikika).

Imfa ya m'bale mwana, amakonda chilengedwe Tolley, anasiya chizindikiro kukoma pa moyo Viktora Popkova. Iye sakanakhoza ngakhale nawo maliro a mwana.

The chachiwiri yowala Sitidzaiwala zodabwitsa zinachitika kenako, pamene Vitya ng'ombe anaukira anam'menya pansi. The mnyamata anathawa chifukwa cha thandizo yake unathandizapo.

Koma, ngakhale mavuto onse, Viktor Popkov anakulira abwino ndiponso ochezeka mwana, wopatsa ndi sociable.

Njira yoyamba pa njira kulenga

Kusukulu, mnyamata anasonyeza makamaka khama ndi changu. Kuyambira ali mwana anafuna kulenga pa pepala. Vita ankakonda kutsatira mawu a chithunzi pa ndiye "svodilkah" (decals) amene anakhala m'thumba mwake onse ndalama, komanso amayang'anira ntchito ya munthu wina, chithunzicho amene utoto watercolors, koma dzina, mwatsoka, ife sitikudziwa.

Stepanida Ivanovna, woyamba mwa mwana razglyadevshy iri yofulumira ntchito ndi burashi, ndinayamba kulimbikitsa chilakolako mwana kulenga. Iye ankwata kuti luso sukulu ndipo anathandiza kulowa Moscow School of likutipatsa, modzipereka ankamuchemerera, anauzira pa anamanganso kulenga ndi anapereka malangizo woganiza.

mnyamata wina analemba kulikonse ndi chirichonse. zina zachidule ake oyambirira kuphimba nkhani zosiyanasiyana ndi zochitika - awa ndiwo mitengo nyumba ndi anthu.

Aphunzitsi luso msonkhano adaperekanso ndemanga ndalama ophunzira amphatso ndi malipiro chidwi chapadera. Pa zina zachidule kochepa kwa Album la wojambula wamng'ono kuona kuti kuphunzitsa luso situdiyo ntchito mwayi: m'malo zina zachidule amateurish kuoneka ntchito watanthauzo Mkhalidwe, makamaka mitunda ndipo komabe lifes.

Mapangidwe zilandiridwenso

Mu 1852, Victor atadza pa Institute Surikov mu dipatimenti zithunzi. Ndipo ngakhale kuti sanali zogwirizana ndi zilakolako za mnyamata (ankafuna kuphunzira pa Dipatimenti ya Painting), koma imeneyi ndi amadza yabwino ntchito zake zina kulenga. chidziwitso ndi luso anagula mu dipatimenti zithunzi, si anasonyeza kalembedwe kukonzanso woyengedwa a zojambulajambula a.

Tsopano Popkov Viktor Efimovich, yonena ndi zilandiridwenso ndi mwachangu nakhalanso ndi kubera bungwe maphunziro apamwamba, mwamphamvu kulenga ayamba. Ndi ntchito yovuta, zinthu zooneka ngati chowawa: mu kanyumba kena kumene naye moyo anthu zisanu - mayi, mlongo wamng'ono ndi mkulu ndipo mkazi wake ndi mwana. Nsautso, umphawi, kutupikana - ndiye mbuye makina.

Nthawi zina ndinali kulemba mu kulowera unheated mu nsapato osiyana, kudya yekha chidutswa cha mkate ndi mafuta anyama. Koma zimenezi sizinachitike bwanji ndondomeko kulenga. Viktor Popkov ntchito amafuna, mwaluso molimba mtima nthawi zonse. talente yake zazikulu anazindikira pasanapite nthawi, ophunzira mphatso anapatsidwa woyamba kuchuluka, ndipo kenaka - Stalin maphunziro, anatsala pang'ono napereka khobiri zosowa za mabanja.

oyendayenda

Popeza 1956, Viktor Popkov kupanga maulendo yaitali kulenga kudutsa dziko pofunafuna chuma choyambirira cha ntchito ndipo kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino limaonetseratu. Anakacheza waufulu, chachikulu ntchito mafakitale zomangamanga, anazindikira lonse yaikulu kwambiri ntchito, analemba zambiri wamba, zithunzi wamba, amene kenako "anapanga ndakatulo" nalemekeza. Mosiyana ndi anzake kusukulu, omwe anali kuyang'ana yowala malo wowoneka ndi mafano, wokhala wojambula anaganizira pamaso pake pa nyimbo prosaic mediocre. Iwo - betonschitsa, kutsanulira njira ya madzi kapena ogwira awiri pa maziko a yaikulu mawilo sitima.

Victor ntchito mwamphamvu, mofulumira, ngati mantha kuti nthawi, pofuna kupulumutsa pa pepala zonse Zomwe zinachitika wa ntchito yambiri. Wophunzira chionetsero cha zina zachidule lili mmodzi wa maulendo ku Irkutsk opangira magetsi siteshoni zoipa ndi zosiyanasiyana yeniyeni ntchito luso Viti Popkov.

Mu zojambula wake chogwidwa ndi "kalembedwe aakulu" imene imapeza chinyezimiro mu conciseness mbali, zithunzi ziriri, mithunzi dryness.

Ndi chifukwa cha maulendo yolenga pa pomanga Popkov Viktor Efimovich akhale wojambula dziko, za pa nsalu zokha ayi wake ogwira ntchito wamba, workaholic pa katundu wonyong'onya ntchito yake.

"Omanga Bratsk HPP"

Pambuyo ulendo kumanga opangira magetsi siteshoni mphamvu mu mzinda wa Bratsk panali chidwi choyambirira kupenta "omanga Bratsk" mu 1960. Chithunzicho achinyamata kwa nthawi yaitali unalingirira chilichonse nsalu - maziko, muyezo mtundu wa zithunzi, view.

Nzosadabwitsa maziko chithunzi wakuda, chimakhudza manambalawo utoto, osati zochitika kapena zochitika. Pakuti wojambula, anali makamaka ufulu azipereka khalidwe lawo ndi kusonyeza awo, kulimba mtima, kudzikayikira. Omanga Bratsk - ndi fumbi, ndatopa anthu ntchito, koma ndi okongola kwambiri m'ntchito zawo ndi wowuma mtima, adaletsa mphamvu.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti mu mawonekedwe m'chimake pa chinsalu cha Buku antchito ndi mphini pa manja ake, ngati kuchuluka kwa anthu ogwira ntchito Bratsk HPP anali akaidi. Koma, pozindikira kuti utsogoleri ngati sangathe kumasula chithunzi chionetserocho, Victor E. amachotsa msasa mphini.

Kuyambira pamenepo, wojambula amakhala wotchuka. anakonda ake ndi anthu, anazindikira otsutsa. Ndipo Victor Popkov, amene kugula zojambula Tretyakov Gallery ndi pepala patsogolo yosindikiza akupitiriza kugwira ntchito bwino ndi kusangalatsa omvera ndi ntchito yatsopano wapachiyambi moyo modzichepetsa ndi uncomfortably, pafupifupi osauka.

maluwa a zilandiridwenso

"Mutu ntchito ya" Poganizira ndi zojambula zina zokongola chithunzicho, sanali yekhayo amene ali kufika ndi Popkov Viktor Efimovich pa kudzoza yake yolenga.

M'malo mwa "Brigade kupumula", "Bridge mu Arkhangelsk" kubwera kwa nkhani ya makhalidwe ndi maganizo ubale wamba. Popkov zikugwirizana m'njira zosiyana luso N'chimodzimodzinso ndi zotsatira mtundu. Izi - Makanema tsiku ndi tsiku kwambiri, zomwe apeza chinyezimiro mu zojambula ndi "makani", "Banja," "Banja Bolotovs", "Awiri."

"Mezen amasiye"

Popkov zosaneneka kutchuka anabweretsa mkombero wake "Mezen amasiye" (mochedwa 1960 - oyambirira 1970), amene anasonyeza pa aliyense khalidwe chinsalu ndi momvetsa chisoni za akazi. Aliyense ntchito m'Matchalitchi m'maganizo ake ndi zimathandizadi squat kwabasi. Ngakhale kupenta "Kuyembekezera", "M'badwo", "wina" anachita ululu zomvetsa chisoni komanso wopondereza wozingwa, koma ndi zofunika kwa anthu kuti atsitsimutse anthu ndi mtima wake chisoni akazi positi-nkhondo ndi kusungulumwa.

Mutu wa zochitika m'mbiri unatenga malo kwambiri pa ntchito ya chithunzicho. Lake poyera "Chekist" ndi "pakhomo" anadzudzula nyengo osadziŵika wamagazi kupondereza anthu, ndi "abambo chikhoto" ndi ena. Wadutsa yosalephera Anayesetsa chisoni anthu amene sanabwerere ku kutsogolo anapereka.

imfa

Ntchito pa mbiri ndi ndakatulo mitu, Viktor Popkov akuyamba lake lodziwika bwino kupenta "myundo," zomwe zinasonyeza kwambiri Pushkin ndi maziko kulira amafotokozera. Ntchito pa lona chithunzicho anadza kwa Pushkin Mountains.

November 12, pamene malonda ku likulu, Victor E. ndi abwenzi likubwera ku yayimikidwa Volga kufunsa dalaivala kuti awapatse Nyamulani. Koma galimoto anasonyeza kuti Zakeo. Chifukwa posachedwapa zokopa kuba alonda analandira malangizo moto mu nkhani ya ngozi, anatsegula moto. chithunzicho n'kufa.

Pamaliro ake, pafupi ndi mtembo anaima yosatha kupenta "mvula yoyambirira."

moyo

Popkov Viktor Efimovich anakwatira mnzakeyo wake Graphic koleji Clara - ndi wojambula luso, weniweni moyo bwenzi. Ndi kuti iwo akhala umphawi ndi kulandidwa, ankakhala nyumba chimodzimodzi ndi mayi ndi mpongozi, ntchito muchipinda chimodzi, ndi mwana wamwamuna.

Klara Ivanovna anali owala kwambiri ndi wolimba munthu, iye devotedly anakonda mwamuna wake, anamuthandiza pa maganizo ake ndi chisoni, anapereka malangizo othandiza.

Kuwonjezera makhalidwe abwino ameneŵa wa moyo, mkaziyo anali wolemera talente yowala ndi luso. Iwo wakhala anafuna-pambuyo mbuye mabuku ana otchuka a ntchito ndi yofalitsa "mwana", iye wakhala akuchita mu mgwirizano ndi zisudzo lonse.