Zeigarnik anachita zamaganizo

Nthawi zina, timafunika kusiya izi kapena kuti kanthu chosakwanira zifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Chabwino, patatha tivutika usiku, ndi bizinesi yosatha adzakhala hii mobwereza bwereza maganizo zosasangalatsa, ngakhale ndi choncho ndipo palibe kutsiriza lisanathe chifukwa chimodzi kapena chimzake. Izi zonse sizikutanthauza digiri wathu mkulu wa khama kapena chinachake chonga izo. Chinthu ndi mchiphunzitso yamakono ya Gestalt kuwerenga maganizo, pali chinthu monga gwero Zeigarnik, amene alitcha dzina ku Soviet sayansi B. V. Zeygarnik.

Ndani - Blum Volfovna?

Blum anabadwa mu 1900 mu kumpoto cha Russia, ndi paubwana wake ndi achinyamata sanalonjeze ake zikayenda mkulu psychopathology. Pa zaka 21, iye atakwatiwa ndi anasamukira ku Berlin, kumene adapita ku koleji.

Izo zinali kokha pa maulendo nkhani za iye bwinobwino chidwi ndi kuwerenga maganizo a munthu, komanso njira zosiyanasiyana zimene zimachitika khalidwe la anthu pa kuphwanya makamaka.

Ndi zosadabwitsa kuti chodabwitsa chomwe pambuyo kupereka dzina "Mmene Zeigarnik Psychology" ndi kuti alemekeze Volfovna Blum, anakhala chinthu akuphunzira mapepala dokotala akadali mu zaka wophunzira ndipo anali mutu waukulu wa nkhani yolembedwa ndi. Kumene, moyo wake, Akazi Zeigarnik apeza zinthu zambiri, ntchito wothandizira L. S. Vygotskogo kuchipatala neuropsychiatric pa Institute of Experimental Medicine. Komabe, ntchito yake yoyamba, kuphunzira ndi lotseguka kwa dziko ali mwana, wasanduka zopereka chofunika kwa Gestalt kuwerenga maganizo a anthu a masiku ano.

Mgwilizano Russian maganizo ndiponso Berlin mtumiki

Monga kale mwachidule, tingati Zeigarnik linatsegulidwa ndi Ms. dokotala ali wophunzira. Kunja kunali zaka 20 zaka mazana makumi awiri, ndi Blum achinyamata masiku amenewo kunali ntchitoyi pa magetsi nthenda zamaganizo a Kurt Lewin. Mwanjira kamodzi dokotala wamkulu ndi wasayansi zopita kukaona mmodzi wa German mwachizolowezi omwera pachilumbachi kuitana kwa ophunzira ake Zeigarnik. Zotsatira za zochita mkati ngati wina wa malamulo a Gestalt zamaganizo anabadwa mu wophunzira mutu pa tsiku, monga izo zinachitika pa zifukwa zotsatirazi.

Pamene woperekera zakudya anabwera, iye sanali kulemba mawu amodzi kwa mndandanda analengeza za madongosolo a alendo, koma pa nthawi yomweyo Musaiwale chilichonse, ndipo patapita nthawi panali mbale pa tebulo. Modabwitsika luso phenomenal kutumikira ntchito, Blum anati Volfovna zabwino kwambiri pokumbukira mtumiki wa. Komabe, iye ananena kuti konse akufuna kulemba. Ndiye Zeigarnik anafunsa mtumiki kwa icho analamula kuti anthu pa magome, iye anali patsogolo - ndi kuti sanathe kumvetsa kumbukirani dongosolo potchula Cafe ambiri.

Mayesero oyamba chodabwitsa cha chitsimikizo

Chidwi ndi nkhani imeneyi ndi kufunafuna thandizo sayansi, patapita kanthawi Zeigarnik Blum pamodzi ndi mnzake ndipo mnzakeyo Mary Ovsyankina tinaganiza kukachititsa kuchuluka kwa zinachitikira.

Ntchito experimental nawo gulu lina la anthu amene cholinga chinaikidwa pa ntchito aluntha. Pankhaniyi, anthu ena anakwanitsa kuthetsa vuto kwathunthu, koma ena N'chiyani chimene chinasokoneza, kupanga n'zosatheka kumaliza ntchitoyo. Motero, masiku angapo mu mayeso anafunsidwa za zili ntchito, ndipo okhawo amene sanathe kuwathetsa kudzera bwino kukumbukira ntchito zinthu. zodabwitsazi amatchedwa "Zeigarnik zotsatira". Kapena - m'njira yosiyana - zotsatira za ntchito mu patsogolo.

zotsatira Zeigarnik, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo za wathunthu

Lililonse chodabwitsa maganizo ali ofunsira ake othandiza pa moyo, kawirikawiri wa ife amadwala mmene zochita wosamaliza, mumandizunza yekha kukumbukira amaopa za zinachitika makamaka.

Palibe amene amakonda njakata. Koma masiku ano, otsatsa ambiri komanso kulima ntchito zotsatira za zochita mkati kuti kusuntha katundu pa masamba, ndipo monga zamalonda TV.

Kodi ntchito? Pankhani malonda patsamba the web, nthawi zambiri pa mbendera okhawo anatchula akaonekere kwa ogula. Komabe, iwo tinapangidwa mu njira yakuti iwo ngati yosatha. Choncho, mapulogalamuwanso tsamba, mosalingalira kupewa zotsatira za incompleteness, referrals, ndipo timamva zinthu zatsopano. Pankhaniyi deta adzakhala anapeza bwino chifukwa panali mfundo wathunthu.

Ndipo tsopano inu, pemphani, ndipo chifukwa chake ena malonda TV nthawi zonse kuluka mu kukumbukira? Ndipo ife adzayankha inu: ndi chifukwa chomwecho, zotsatira za incompleteness. Kawirikawiri zowonetsera kufika ife opanga Chithandizo, ndi kukambirana ndi wowerenga, onetsetsani kuti monga funso limene Ndipotu koposa zonse, ndi kukumbukira.

Chodabwitsa incompleteness m'chikondi

Nthawi zambiri, sitingathe kuyiwala za ichi kapena icho munthu, wokhala nacho asapita zachikondi kapena wochezeka, kulungamitsa okha ndi kusankha zifukwa zotsatira osiyana maganizo. Zeigarnik kungathandize kufotokoza kwambiri wozunzika chifukwa si ubale, makamaka ngati panalibenso kusiyana zoonekeratu ndi chuma pakati pa abwenzi gawo.

Kotero wawauza osati polekanitsa ndi okonda kale pa foni kapena pa Intaneti. Chipani wosakondwela sadzatha kuzindikira mapeto, izo zonse zatha, ndi zodabwitsazi ndi chosakwanira adzakhala zimayambitsa mu chikumbumtima anthu, popanda potulutsa chithunzi kale wokonda.

N'chimodzimodzinso ubale kuti anawonongedwa chifukwa cha mtunda mwadzidzidzi pakati pa anthu. Mwachitsanzo, ngati theka amapita ku ntchito mu mzinda wina, ndipo mwapang'onopang'ono amachoka wokondedwa, kukhala mfundo za kuswa mwa munthu. Apo ayi, monga "chete" yopuma mwina momvetsa bwanji maganizo chikumbumtima a chipani anavulala.

Kodi kuzindikira Zeigarnik tingati ndi mmene nkhondo izo?

Nditawerenga nkhani imeneyi, ena a inu mwina anayamba kuganiza, ndipo musati amawononga moyo wanu ngati ili zotsatira za zochita mkati? Tiyeni tiyese kumvetsetsa.

Mfundo yakuti pali zizindikiro zina, monga ambiri a matenda, amene amasonyeza zonse ozungulira mfundo incompleteness mu moyo wanu:

• ngati mukuona nkhawa nthawi zonse, ngakhale Mgwirizano wa moyo, ndi ntchito zabwino ndi kukhala ndi banja;
• ngati moyo wanu sikuti mobwerezabwereza zifukwa zosadziwika inu;
• ngati inu zambiri timaganiza kunja okha kupitiriza mawu a interlocutor ya;
• ngati mukuona kuti phazi koposa pa mafupa okhaokha chomwecho.

Zizindikiro pamwamba - izi ndi aya za zolephera yachibadwa moyo. mavuto onse angapindule nazo munthuyo. Inu muyenera kutsegula maso athu choonadi nthawi zina zimapweteka kwambiri ndi kupendanso alipo zinthu yosatha.

Ndipo palibe mankhwala sayenera, ndi kufufuza anzanga ndipo malizitsani ntchito yosatha Sikuti. Monga zomveka kuti yokha, wakhala nthawi yaitali, ndi zinthu nthawi tiyeni tipite, safuna munthu kulungamitsa ndi chisoni. Mudzaona - moyo zidzakhala zosavuta. Tangotsimikizani kuti apite.