Zilandiridwenso ndi yonena za Lewis Carroll mwachidule ana

July 4, 1862 - tsiku limene magazini ya British Royal nyengo Society anafotokoza monga wosasamala. Komabe, Charles Dodgson ndi anzake pang'ono: Laura, Edith ndi Alice Liddell - anakhala mmodzi wa sunniest mu moyo. Carroll adafotokoza atsikana kupita Thames ulendo bwato.

Alice Liddell, wakukhala pa ziongolero, kuboola ndipo anafuna yomweyo Dodgson adaapanga msangani, ndipo ayenera kukhala kwambiri zamkhutu. Charles sakanakhoza kukana ankakonda wake, ndi kuyesa akuyesayesa kuyambitsa nkhani latsopano, adaganiza kutumiza heroine pa ulendo dzenje wosatha kalulu. Choncho anabadwa chimodzi cha zazikulukulu mu dziko la nthano kuti ndi bated mpweya mobwerezabwereza ana ndi akulu lonse. Komabe mbiri Lewis Carroll osati zochepa zosangalatsa kuposa ntchito zake. mutu yeniyeni ya m'nkhaniyi.

Charz Dodgson: zaka zoyambilira

Charlz Dodzhson anabadwa mu Cheshire, m'mudzi wa Daresbury, mu 1832. Makolo tsogolo masamu ndi wolemba, anakhala wansembe Charles Lutwidge Dzhodzhson ndi Francis.

Charles anatenga pseudonym polemekeza mayina a makolo. Latin Charlz Lyutvidzh zikumveka ngati carlus Lyudovikus. Ngati inu kusintha mawu m'madera ena ndi kukonzanso m'Chingelezi, kodi Lyuis Kerroll - dzina limene mu nthawi yathu amadziwika aliyense.

Kuyambira ndili mwana, Charlie anachita chidwi ndi masamu. Pamene nthawi kusankha ntchito inayake, panali mosakayikira: okha mphamvu ya Masamu pa Oxford. Atamaliza maphunziro Dodgson anakhalabe pa Yunivesite lecturer a.

Oxford kukopa

Atalandira udindo watsopano, Dodgson kukakhala nyumba momasuka ndi nsanja. mphunzitsi Young mofulumira anakhala mmodzi wa zokopa za Oxford, chifukwa chikuoneka achilendo: pang'ono asymmetrical nkhope, ngodya imodzi milomo liukitsidwa, ena adatchithisira. Komanso, ndithu chibwibwi. Mwina ndicho chifukwa pulofesa anali yekha anayesa kupewa chibwenzi ndi maola kuyenda kunja kwa mzinda wa Oxford.

Nkhani Dodgson ophunzira kupeza wotopetsa: ndi youma opanda moyo mawu kuwerenga nkhani yanu, popanda kuyesera kupanga phunziro chidwi kwambiri.

kumulakalaka kujambula

Wambiri ya Lewis Carroll akanatha kunapezeka mosiyana. Mu unyamata wake, Dodgson kudzakhala wojambula: Iye adayandikira bwino, ndipo ikusonyezera nkhani yake yochepa. Dodgson kamodzi anatumiza mafanizo ake "Time" magazini. N'zoona akonzi sankaona kuti akatswiri awo zokwanira kuti ilembedwe.

Charles anali waukulu chizolowezi kujambula. M'zaka za m'ma XIX ojambula zofufuzafufuza anafunika zambiri Pofuna zithunzi: zithunzi anapanga pa mbale wapadera galasi TACHIMATA ndi yankho colloidal. Komabe, izi mavuto Dodgson sanaleke: anatha kupanga zithunzi zodabwitsa Huxley, Tennyson, Faraday. Komabe, ofufuza amakhulupirira kuti ntchito yake yabwino Dodgson wodzipereka kwa Alice Liddell - mwana wamkazi wa rector wa yunivesite ya Oxford.

Alice Liddell

Mu April 1856 Dodgson anakumana ndi mwana wamkazi wokongola wa rector wa Oxford. Ndipo chifukwa msonkhano uwu, ndi yonena za Lewis Carroll anapanga kukhota lakuthwa. Alice Liddell anali weniweni imasonkhezera unsociable masamu: anali iyeyo anapereka buku lake, lomwe ndi limodzi mwa Ambiri kuwerenga, lofalitsidwa ndi asonyezedwa dziko. Kuti anapulumuka zithunzi zambiri za Alice Liddell: otsutsa amati phindu undoubted luso. Komabe, ubwenzi inatenga zaka zochepa.

Kulekana ndi imasonkhezera ndi

Pamene Alice zaka 12, Charlz Dodzhson anakhala kawirikawiri mlendo m'nyumba ya rector wa Oxford. Biographers akadali mtsutso, kodi chifukwa kupatulana izi. Rumor ali kuti Dodgson anali mu chikondi ndi Alice, ndipo ngakhale chinamupanga iye akafunsiridwa ukwati. Ena amanena kuti masamu wadutsa malire a khalidwe labwino pochita zinthu ndi mtsikana. Yotsirizira silingakhale woona: misonkhano yonse ndi Dzhodzhsona Liddell alongo zinachitika pamaso pa akulu. Komabe, Carroll a tsikulo masamba, kuwauza za nthawi m'litali, pom'ng'amba ndi kuwonongedwa. Choncho, ambiri sakhulupirira kuti Lewis Carroll yonena mu English amene amakopeka kwambiri chidwi anali ndi chidwi wochezeka atsikana. Ndiponso mayi Alice anali anawononga ambiri a mwana wamkazi wa zithunzi zomwe zajambulidwa Dodgson ndi kutentha kalata yolembedwa kwa mtsikana.

Komabe, mmene zinakhalira, ndi Dodgson anatha kupereka Alice Liddell chosafa: ". Alice ku nthano Lewis Carroll a" ngakhale pa tombstone ake kwalembedwa,

mwana wamuyaya

Iwo amati Lyuis Kerroll (yonena mwachidule m'nkhani ino) wakhala anatha kusunga moyo wake wonse muli mwana. Mwina akufotokoza chifukwa chake masamu onse mabwenzi ake anali kwambiri wamng'ono kuposa iye. Mu kampani ana Dodgson zidaleka kuchita chibwibwi, mawu ake anakhala moyo, monga ngati iye anasanduka munthu wosiyana. Komabe, akamakula anzawo Dodgson pang'onopang'ono anataya chidwi mwa iwo. Ana ouziridwa luso lake: m'pofunika kuwerenga makalata amene iye analemba masamu anzake pang'ono, iwo ali chimodzimodzi chidwi kuposa waukulu mankhwala a Carroll.

Chinsinsi cha kutchuka

Ndi zovuta kunena zimene anapanga Carroll nthano wotchuka. Mwina chinthu chonsecho zatsopano zambiri ndi chinenero: mwachitsanzo ufulu okha ana akhoza kulankhula. N'zotheka kuti nthano kumathandiza kupeza mayankho wochenjera mafunso ndi akatswiri zomveka: Ndipotu nkhani ya chikondi ili osati ana komanso akuluakulu. Komanso, yonena za ana Lewis Carroll a zikutsimikizira kuti munthu uyu anali wokhoza kulumikiza zinthu zimene zimaoneka zosiyana: nthabwala, logic, masamu ndi nkhani yabwino.

Ndipotu, ambiri amakhulupirira kuti paradoxical Carroll ndi woyambitsa wa mabuku, makhalidwe osemphana ndi mfundo iliyonse sitepe. Komabe, siziri choncho. Oddly zokwanira, mawonekedwe a "Alice mu ochititsa chidwi" ndi "Alice mu ochititsa chidwi" nthawi zonse kutsatira mfundo Komabe, kuzibweretsa izo pa nthawi yomweyo kuti absurdity ndi. N'chifukwa chake Lyuis Kerroll, kanthawi yonena limene English ndi chidwi kwambiri aliyense kupeza udindo wa mmodzi wa ofalitsa chachikulu cha anthu.

mbali ziwiri za namatetule wa

Charlz Dodzhson ali analenga mmodzi wa opambana mu dziko la nthano, monga ngati ophatikizapo makhalidwe onse a amamuona ngati zamunthawi ya Victoria eccentric wasayansi. Unsociable ndi taciturn masamu nthawi zonse ankavala chipewa mkulu ndi magolovesi. Sanali kusangalala ndi pafupifupi wamakhalidwe wokonda moyo wodzimana. ntchito zake nawatsimikizira ankaona tingachipeze powerenga masamu.

Komabe, munthu uyu anali ndi dzuwa. Wambiri ya Lewis Carroll limanena kuti iye amakhoza kuseka mwana aliyense, analemba nkhani zabwino ndi makalata motsindika kujambula ndi kulemba nkhani zoseketsa. Amene amadziwa, mwinamwake namatetule - luso kuphatikiza ndi yosemphana? Ngati ndi choncho, Charles Dodgson, imadziwika Lyuis Kerroll, akhoza anaitana mmodzi wa geniuses chachikulu cha anthu.

Lyuis Kerroll, kanthawi yonena kuti ana amene akuoneka zodabwitsa, anasiya ntchito zambiri pa masamu, makalata ndi nkhani. Komabe, ulemerero wakewo mabuku awiri za Alice Liddell. Werengani "Alice mu ochititsa chidwi" ndi "Alice mu ochititsa chidwi" ndi ofunika aliyense: ngati wabwino, yowala ndi zodabwitsa mabuku zalembedwa pang'ono kwambiri.