Abraham Maslow. "Kukopa ndi Umunthu": Mwachidule, ndemanga

Abraham Maslow - American wasayansi ndi zamaganizo, amene anayambitsa chitsanzo wosinthasintha kwabasi wa chilimbikitso ndi zofunika kwa munthu. Ngakhale kuti mu Baibulo mwatsatanetsatane maganizo ake anaphunzitsa mu Dipatimenti ya Psychology, panopa amavutika kupeza munthu amene sanamve za wotchuka "piramidi wa zofuna."

kaundula wasayansi

Ntchito Maslow "Kukopa ndi Umunthu" Komabe, infomeshoni osati ophunzira zounikira za kuwerenga maganizo. Ndi chidwi aphunzitsi, amalonda, akatswiri. Ambiri, ntchito imeneyi kukopa aliyense amene ndikudabwa za zimene zili pa mtima za kufunika-angalimbikitsire dera la munthu.

Baibulo limeneli linasindikizidwa oposa theka zapitazo. Koma ngakhale ambiri olimbikitsa lingaliro, komabe akuzisunga kufunika kwake. Chodzikonda, mafunso, kulongolola - kuti zifukwa zimene anayamba kulemba ntchito, ndi wasayansi American chiyambi Russian, Abraham Maslow. Chilimbikitso ndi Khalidwe - mfundo ziwiri zazikulu anaphunzira iwo. Iwo chaonetsedwera mu mutu wa bukhu lake.

Childhood ndi unyamata Maslow

Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti ubwana Abraham Maslow anali kutali m'mbali. Makolo wasayansi anasamuka ku United States Asanabadwe. Banja nthawi zonse anapambana Kukolanaku. Komanso, bambo a mnyamata anatengera Ayuda, chotero iye ankayenera kuti kudzionera wekha zimene odana Semitism. Ngakhale kuti bwino maphunziro Maslow anali kwambiri, mnyamata wake unachitikira kudzipatula ndi kuponderezedwa.

Ankadziwa kudziwa maganizo

Kenako Maslow, mu pamawu bambo ake, anaganiza anadzipereka kuphunzira jurisprudence. Koma, m'mene bwino maganizo, masamba pa njira yoyamba. Iye anaphunzira ku University Viskonskom ku Madison, kenako anayamba kugwira ntchito monga mphunzitsi wa pa koleji. Iye wagwiritsa ntchito yothandiza wotchuka wasayansi behaviorist Edvarda Torndayka. Iye analimbikitsa pulezidenti wa American Psychological Association mu 1967. Maslow ouziridwa kwambiri ntchito Dzhona Uotsona.

Cholinga chenicheni

Buku Maslow "Kukopa ndi Umunthu" akufotokoza kapangidwe ka zofuna, katundu zazikulu, mmene pa angalimbikitsire dera la munthu. Maslow piramidi tichipeza midadada, omwe akuganizira kufunika ena - kuchokera zoyambirira apamwamba. chitsanzo ichi zosavuta kufotokoza chitsanzo. Lofunika zofunika kwa munthu ndi zosowa zokhudza thupi monga njala ndi ludzu. Kudziyesa iwo, ndi chodziwikiratu aliyense ndikuganiza Mwachitsanzo, za nzeru za postmodernism. Choncho, poyamba pa zonse tiyenera kukhala okhutira ndi zosowa zofunika za chamoyo.

Kenako kufunika kwa chitetezo - komanso kuvutika maganizo. Nkofunika kuti denga pamwamba pa mitu yawo, kuti moyo popanda alilidi kukhalapo.

Pamene zimenezi wodzazidwa ndi munthu amayamba kufunafuna chikhutiro cha zofuna za kalasi apamwamba - kuzindikira chikhalidwe, chisoni. Kufunika kwa ubwenzi ayenera kukhala kufunika kudzidalira, kuti, munthu tsopano akufuna kudziyimira pawokha ndi utsogoleri.

Maslow pamwamba pa piramidi ndi kufunika actualization. Pamene zinthu zina zonse ndi kukhuta, munthu akhoza kuyamba momasuka kusonyeza chibadidwe chikhalidwe cha umatha.

Choncho, pa mchitidwe uliwonse kupatsidwa nthawi ukulamulidwa zofuna unmet. Ndipo kawirikawiri iwo ali sakhutitsidwa mpaka kumapeto. N'chifukwa chake anthu utakwaniritsa mu moyo wanu mlingo kudziletsa actualization, 2%, ananena mu buku la Maslow "Kukopa ndi umunthu."

Kumasiyanitsa chiphunzitso cha Maslow?

Zothandiza ndiponso Kuzindikira - izi ndi makhalidwe waukulu nacho chiphunzitso cha umunthu ndi chilimbikitso. Maslow, amene anali ndi chidwi pa malingaliro loyamba behaviorism, ndiyeno nkubwera kuganiza kuti mfundo izi bwino chinaonekeranso mwa zasayansi, koma ndi pang'ono kuchita ndi kalembedwe moyo weniweniwo anthu, nzeru zake.

The vuto lalikulu wa zamaganizo

Ambiri, tisaiwale: kusiyana chiphunzitso ndi machitidwe - vuto lalikulu wa zamaganizo. Mwatsoka, anthu amene atembenukira kwa zamaganizo thandizo, palibe amene amanyamula nsalu yotchinga. Ndipo palibe wina angathe kuyankha pa funso la ngati limeneli kapena kuti katswiri adzatha kuthandiza.

Kupatukana wa zamaganizo kuchokera ku chenicheni: chitsanzo

Khalidwe lina yaikulu zamaganizo wabwino, komanso chiphunzitso kwambiri maganizo - kuthekera kuchita ndi cholinga chothandiza anthu. Izi zikugwirizana mwachindunji ndi mfundo Maslow a. Zikusonyezedwa bwino chitsanzo cha umboni wa anthu amene amafuna thandizo kwa akatswiri a osiyana- siyana pa lokonda mankhwala: uchidakwa, juga, kusuta fodya. madokotala ambiri kuchotsa mavuto amenewa ntchito m'malo njira malinga ndi zomwe kudalira akhoza m'malo ena - mu nkhani iyi, waphindu. Kudutsa milingo imodzi kapena ziwiri piramidi Maslow, iwo amalangiza odwala awo m'malo kudalira, anayamba kudzipatsa kuzindikira. zofuna Unmet a m'munsi mlingo, pazifukwa zina, komabe kuoneka: zakale mowa kapena Casanova ofooka kwambiri akutembenukira "m'malo" ubwenzi wawo ntchito zina, mwachitsanzo, beading. Ndipo kodi chithunzi yozungulira mtundu wa bizinesi zidzachitika pamwamba pa zosowa zake mpaka iye anakhuta akufunika chikondi, kulemekeza, chifundo, ubwenzi, ofunda maganizo ubale ndi anthu?

Anthu pachabe misala, kulipira pa nthawi yomweyo ndalama zambiri. Wina akanakhala chithunzi, ngati zamaganizo onse ankagwiritsa ntchito mu ntchito ya Maslow "Kukopa ndi umunthu." Reviews Yohne Mbadizi, zikanakhala bwino ngati zamaganizo ndi, komanso za mwayi wa misala ambiri.

Buku Maslow "Kukopa ndi Umunthu": Mwachidule

Mbali yoyamba ya buku khama kuphunzira akamanena za zosoŵa, kusonkhezera kukhutitsidwa awo pa chitukuko anthu, mapangidwe khalidwe lake, ndipo linakonzedwanso mfundo achibadwidwe lapansi. Maslow limanena kuti amange ntchito munthu mu digiri yaing'ono. Ngakhale kuti achibadwidwe ndi maziko zochita zake zonse, khalidwe nazonso kwakukulukulu anakhudzidwa ndi majini ndi chilengedwe.

The amachita lotsatira gawo ndi mfundo maganizo, udindo wa kukhumudwa pa misonkhano zofunika, funso la kuvomereza makhalidwe aukali. Maslow limanena kuti maganizo abwino ndi pafupifupi neutralizes mokwiya: kotero nthawi zonse zofunika kuganizira mmene chilengedwe, poganizira mtundu uliwonse wa khalidwe, kuphatikizapo zowononga.

Kenako Maslow asamalira palokha anthu samoaktualizatsiruyuschihsya, makamaka khalidwe lawo. Komanso, mu gawo lachitatu tcheru kuti nkhani ya chikondi ndi zilandiridwenso ndi mawonetseredwe ake.

Mu gawo lotsiriza la bukhu Maslow "Kukopa ndi Umunthu" ikufotokoza udindo wa zilandiridwenso mu sayansi, mafunso a njira, ubwino wa njira kwathunthu.

Maslow wakupemphani amaona osati pa nkhani ya kuyerekezera maganizo neurotic. Aliyense amene ali ndi chidwi pa nkhani ya kudziletsa actualization, tikhoza amalangiza ntchito yofunika kwambiri imene analenga Abraham Maslow - ". Kukopa ndi Umunthu" Reviews owerenga ambiri kale mibadwo ingapo asonyeza kuti ntchito imeneyi kudzakuthandizani kukwaniritsa ukhale bwino ndi kumvetsa okha kwa aliyense.