Achiwonetsero ku Hollywood ndi amuna: otchuka kwambiri, otchuka komanso aluso

Mu zaka makumi awiri zapitazo mu mzinda wa Los Angeles wa ku America panawonekera filimu yamafilimu Hollywood. Unali mgwirizano weniweni wa mabungwe ambiri, ma studio, mafilimu ndi mavilioni. Anthu a ku America anafunika kukula mwauzimu, ndipo Hollywood inayamba kupanga mafilimu pa mafakitale. Kupanga mafilimu kunayambika. Chitukukochi chinagwira ntchito molingana ndi ndondomeko yokhazikitsidwa bwino: script, casting, kuwombera, kukonza, kubwereza ndi, potsiriza, kubwereka filimu.

Kupeza osewera

Nthawi yoyamba ku Hollywood, panalibe antchito oyenerera. Malembawo analembedwa popanda kusokonezeka, koma panalibenso wina woti azisewera. Ochita ku Hollywood - amuna, omwe mndandanda wawo unali wodzichepetsa kwambiri, sakanatha kupirira ntchitozo. Kenaka akuluakulu a ku Hollywood anabalalika m'dziko lonse lapansi kufunafuna anthu okongola, odziwa bwino ntchito. Zotsatira sizinafike nthawi yayitali: mu nthawi yochepa ojambula a Hollywood (amuna, ndiyeno akazi) adawoneka mokwanira. Kupanga mafilimu otchuka ayamba.

Cary Grant

Cary Grant (Archibald Alexander Leach), cinema wa cinema wa America, anabadwa mu 1904. Kufuna kwa woimbayo kunalibe malire, analibe nthawi yoti awonekere m'mafanizo omwe adapereka. Ochita masewera otchuka a Hollywood, amuna, ndipo nthawizina akazi, amavutika ndi kutchuka kwawo komweko. Komabe, iwo ankafuna kusewera maudindo ochuluka momwe tingathere.

Pogwiritsa ntchito zovuta zake, Grant adayina mgwirizano ndi studio ya Paramount Pictures pazinthu zomwe zinamupangitsa kuti aziwonera mafilimu a masukulu apikisano. Zinali zosamveka, panalibe chizoloŵezi chotero ngakhale mu cinema ya dziko. Kawirikawiri ochita maseŵera a Hollywood (amuna) sanakhazikitse zochitika zawo, izo zimachitika ndi akazi okha. Komabe, oyang'anira a Paramount anavomera. Koma Cary Grant sanapindule kwambiri ndi lingaliro lake, monga adamva, chifukwa chakuti osankhidwa ake onse a Oscar anali atawonongeka, sanalandire mphoto yosirira. Palibe kampani ya mafilimu ya omwe ochita masewerawa ankagwira ntchito, sanayesetse kutsimikizira kuti anasankhidwa.

Iye adasewera mbali zambiri pamaseŵera, ndipo nthawi zina zinali zovuta kwambiri. Mu 1940, Grant adayimba Dexter Haven mu filimu ya George Cukor "Philadelphia Story", ndipo patapita zaka ziwiri adawonetsedwa mu filimuyo "Mtima wokhawokha." Pakatikati pa zaka 40 Cary Grant anakumana ndi Alfred Hitchcock ndipo ankachita nawo mafilimu angapo m'malemba ake. Choyamba, inali filimu ya "Ulemerero Woipa" yomwe inatsogoleredwa ndi David Selznick, komwe Grant adagwira ntchito ya Devlin, wothandizira FBI. Kenaka Carey adagwira ntchito yaikulu mu kanema "Yambani mbala" pakupanga Hitchcock mwiniwake. Ndipo potsiriza, mu filimu "Kumpoto mpaka Kumpoto chakumadzulo" Cary Grant adagwira ntchito ya Roger Thornhill. Chithunzi ichi chinayambidwa ndi mndandanda wa "Bond". Pochita nawo mafilimu onena za wothandizira 007, ojambula abwino kwambiri ku Hollywood ankafuna. Amuna amangoganiza za izo.

Moyo wa Cary Grant umayenera kuyankhulana mosiyana. Anali wokwatiwa kasanu, ndipo atakalamba ntchito yake inangowonjezereka. Komabe, woimbayo ali ndi mwana mmodzi yekha, Jennifer.

George Clooney

Wotchuka wotchuka ku Hollywood George Timothy Clooney anabadwa pa Meyi 6, 1961 mumzinda wa Lexington. Ankadziwika kwambiri chifukwa cha "Ambulance" ake, omwe adayesezera Dr. Doug Ross. Ndipo Clooney ntchito yoyamba mu filimu inali filimu "Kuyambira Pakafika Mpaka Kuwala" motsogoleredwa ndi Robert Rodriguez, momwe George adasewera ndi wolakwa Seth Gekko. Zithunzi zojambulazo ndizochititsa chidwi, pali zithunzi zopitirira 60 mmenemo. Ndipo chiwerengero cha mphoto ya George Clooney ikuyandikira makumi awiri. Pa ntchito yake, analandira Oscars awiri, atatu Golden Globes, limodzi la MTV Movie Awards, mphoto zinayi zochokera ku US National Council of Critics, mphoto zinayi zomwe George Clooney anapeza pa Venice Film Festival ndipo pamapeto pake awiri a European Film Awards Choyamba. Ojambula otchuka kwambiri ku Hollywood, amuna ndi akazi, adathokoza Clooney kuti apambane pazochitika zake.

Moyo weniweni wa George ndi moyo wa bachelor. Iye anali ndi zolakwika zambiri, kuphatikizapo Kelly Preston ndi Julia Roberts, Renee Zellweger ndi Cindy Crawford. Mkazi wina dzina lake Nicole Kidman analosera Clooney kuti adzakwatirane naye pa tsiku la makumi anayi la kubadwa, ndipo adayamba kukangana naye, kupereka madola zikwi khumi ndi zisanu kumapeto kwake. Ndipo Clooney atakwanitsa zaka 40 ndipo adadzuka tsiku lomwelo ndi bachelor, Kidman adamtumizira cheke cha ndalama zotayika. Komabe, George sanavomereze ndalamazo, kutumiza chitsimikizo ndi mawu akuti "Sinditenga ndalama ndi amayiwa." Ochita ku Hollywood - amuna, mosiyana ndi akazi, musafulumire kudzimanga ndi ukwati.

Gregory Peck

Wojambula wotchuka kwambiri, nyenyezi yoyamba kwambiri, Eldred Gregory Peck, anabadwa pa April 5, 1916 ku tauni ya California ya La Jolla. M'zaka za m'ma 40 ndi 60 za m'ma 100 apitawo anali mmodzi mwa otchuka kwambiri. Iye ali mwini wa mphoto zapamwamba, pakati pawo "Oscar" ndi "Golden Globes" zingapo. Ntchito ku Hollywood inayamba kwa Gregory Peck kuchokera ku kanema "Keys to the Kingdom", yojambula mu 1944 ndikubweretsa udindo wa nyenyezi. Komabe, pokhala wotchuka, iye amadwala matenda sali odwala. Mpaka mapeto a moyo wake adayankhulana ndi anthu wamba, ankayenda kuzungulira dziko ndi pulogalamu yake "Kukambirana ndi Gregory Peck." Wochita masewerowa adayang'ana mu mafilimu kwa zaka 50, ndipo filimu yake ili ndi zithunzi pafupifupi 60.

Moyo wa nyenyezi ya ku Hollywood Gregory Peck ndi organic, mkazi wake woyamba anali Greta Kukkonen, wa ku Finnish mwa kubadwa kwake. Kuchokera m'banja lino iye ali ndi ana atatu. Atatha zaka khumi ndi zitatu akukwatirana, banjali linatha. Patapita sabata pambuyo pa chisudzulo kuchokera kwa Greta Gregory, Peck anakwatira Veronica Passani, mtolankhani wochokera ku nyuzipepala ya ku France. Kuchokera m'banja lachiwiri, woimbayo anali ndi ana ena awiri, mwana wamwamuna ndi wamkazi. Veronica anali ndi mwamuna wake mpaka tsiku lake lomaliza.

Tony Curtis

Nyuzipepala ya ku Hollywood ya m'ma 50 ndi 60 ya Tony Curtis (Bernard Schwartz) anabadwa pa 3 Juni 1925 ku New York. Ntchito yoyamba yamakono ya Curtis inali filimu ya mbiri ya "Vikings" yomwe inayendetsedwa ndi Richard Fleischer, kumene adayimba mwana wamwamuna wachinsinsi wa mfumukazi ya England, Eric. Ndipo chachiwiri kwambiri ndi filimu "Spartacus" Stanley Kubrick, momwe Tony Curtis adagwira ntchito ya Antony. Chithunzicho chinalandira Oscars zinayi, koma kusankha kwa Curtis sikudakhudze. Kwenikweni, kutchuka kwapadziko lonse kwa woimbayo kunayamika ku comedy "Mu Jazz Only Atsikana" otsogolera ndi Billy Wilder, wojambula mu 1959 chaka. Ochita ku Hollywood, amuna, nthawi zambiri amapewa kubwerera m'mimba mwachithunzi chachikazi, koma Curtis anapambana. Pambuyo pa filimuyi, adayang'anira ntchito zosiyanasiyana mpaka zaka za m'ma 70, koma kutchuka kwawo kunalibe, maitanidwe adayamba kuchepa ndipo pamapeto pake wochita nawo maseŵero anayamba kutenga nawo mbali pazinthu za pa TV.

Moyo wa Tony Curtis ndi chitsanzo cha kukhulupirika, ngakhale kuti ali ndi mabanja asanu ndi limodzi. Ndi akazi ake onse atatha kusudzulana, Tony anakhalabe paubwenzi, anawathandiza m'njira iliyonse ndipo anali wokonzeka kuti apulumutse pa ulendo woyamba. Curtis kuchokera ku banja lake loyamba ali ndi mwana wamkazi, Jamie Lee Curtis, wotchuka wotchuka.

Marlon Brando

Mmodzi mwa ojambula mafilimu akuluakulu anabadwira ku Los Angeles pa July 1, 1924. Iye anali wotchuka chifukwa cha nzeru zake za kulenga, mu ntchito yake iye anagwiritsa ntchito njira ya Stanislavsky. Ntchito inayamba pa siteji, yoyambirayo inachitika mu 1944 mu sewero la "I Remember, Mom." Brando adalandira mafilimu padziko lonse chifukwa cha ntchito ya Stanley Kowalski mu filimu ya "Tram" Desire "yomwe inatsogoleredwa ndi Elia Kazan potsatira masewera a Tennessee Williams. M'zaka za m'ma 50s, Marlon Brando ankawoneka ngati chizindikiro chogonana, ndipo ntchito zake zinali zofanana. Ochita masewero a Hollywood - amuna, kuphatikizapo Omar Sharif, Robert De Niro, Al Pacino - kuyesera kutsanzira Brando.Mafilimu "The Last Tango ku Paris", "Superman" ndi "Apocalypse Now" ndizo ntchito zabwino kwambiri zojambulajambula. Ndipo "Godfather" Bambo "Brando anapatsidwa mphoto ziwiri" Oscar "ndi" Golden Globe. "

Moyo waumwini Marlon anayamba ndi chibwenzi chachifupi ndi Marilyn Monroe. Ndipo patapita zaka ziwiri anakwatira mtsikana wina wotchedwa Anne Kashfi, ukwati wake unayamba mu 1959. Pambuyo pake, Brando anali ndi abambo ena awiri. Kuchokera kwa akazi atatu, woimbayo anali ndi ana asanu: Christian, Miko, Rebecca, Simon ndi Tarita. Kuwonjezera pa ana ake omwe, Marlon anali ndi ana atatu omwe anabadwa nawo.

Robert Radford

Wojambula wa Hollywood, wotsogolera ndi wolemba Robert Radford anabadwa pa 18 August 1936 ku California mumzinda wa Santa Monica. Zimasiyana ndi kudzikuza mu ntchitoyi, pa kuwombera kumagwira ntchito popanda anthu okondweretsa. Mosasamala kanthu za zikhalidwe: matope, mvula, kugwa kuchokera kumapiri kapena kukokera m'manja mwa miyala yolemera - mu magawo onse wojambula adajambula yekha. Mafilimu amadziwika kuti "Amuna Onse a Pulezidenti", "Butch Cassidy ndi Sundance Kid", "Afera", "Masiku atatu a Condor", "Anthu Wamba". Panthawi yovuta kwambiri, Robert anathandizidwa ndi maphunziro abwino a masewera. Athletic Radford amakumana mosavuta ndi zidule zovuta pazinthu. Anakondedwa ndi Radford okonda kwambiri ku Hollywood. Amuna amamulemekeza, ndipo akazi anali chabe openga za okongola.

Moyo wa Robert Redford unali wosiyana kwambiri ndi nkhani za ojambula ambiri ku Hollywood. Mu 1958, anakwatiwa ndi Mormon Lole Jean Vagenen ku Salt Lake City. Pa nthawiyi Robert ankakonda kujambula komanso ngati wojambula weniweni amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku botolo. Mkazi wamng'onoyo anavutika ndi izi, ndipo pamapeto pake anatha kuletsa mwamuna wake ku chizolowezi choledzera. Lola anabala ana anayi, ana atatu ndi mwana mmodzi. Panopa, Robert Radford ali ndi zidzukulu zisanu. Ali ndi Lola, mu 1985 anasudzulana, ndipo anakwatira mnzake wa nthawi yaitali Sybil Scagarrars.

Brad Pitt

William Bradley Pitt, wochita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso wojambula Hollywood, anabadwa pa December 18, 1963 mumzinda wa Shawnee, ku America. Pofuna kuzindikira malingaliro ake aunyamata, Brad anapita ku Hollywood mu 1987. Maonekedwe okongola amamuthandiza kupeza zochepa chabe, ndipo popeza adakhala akupita kuntchito kwa nthawi yayitali kumudzi kwawo, adasewera mokwanira. Pitt anawonetsedwa, ndipo chaka chotsatira anapatsidwa udindo wotsogolera mu filimu yotchedwa "The Dark Side of the Sun", kumene adasewera Rick Clayton. Ndiye pa ntchito ya Brad panali maudindo ambiri, onse mu filimu yakeyi muli zithunzi zopitirira 60. Wochita masewerowa ndi mwiniwake wa Oscar, yemwe analandira monga wopanga chaka chino kuti awonetse filimuyi "zaka 12 za ukapolo" posankha "Best Film." Ndiponso mu chuma chake muli mphoto ya Golden Globe chifukwa chochita nawo filimuyi "Monke 12".

Moyo wa Brad Pitt unali wodekha. Anakumana ndi mtolankhani Gwyneth Paltrow pa filimuyo "Seven", izo zinachitika mu 1995 chaka. Chibwenzi chinachitika, chaka chotsatira okondedwawo adalengeza kuti akufuna. Koma mu 1997 mgwirizanowu unagwa pansi mwadzidzidzi. Mu 2000, Brad Pitt anakwatira mtsikana wina dzina lake Jennifer Aniston, yemwe banja lake linatha zaka zisanu, mu 2005 anasudzulana. Kale kwambiri asanakwatirane, Brad anayamba kukumana ndi Angelina Jolie, yemwe anakhala mkazi wake.

Hollywood lero

"Fakitale yamaloto" ya ku Amerika ikukulirakulira. Makampani a filimu ku US akhala akulimbana ndi Kuvutika Kwambiri Kwambiri, yatsutsana ndi nkhondo zingapo zapadziko lonse, chiwerengero cha mafilimu amawerengedwa zikwi. Hollywood ndi malo ofunika kwambiri a mafilimu onse a mafilimu padziko lonse lapansi, ndi Mecca weniweni wa mafilimu a cinema.