Achotsa monga njira kupondereza

Achotsa - miyambo chilango achipembedzo kuti ntchito Chikhristu ndi imakhudzanso anthu amene amanena khalidwe chawo kusokoneza ecclesial ulamuliro. Ngakhale pali umboni kuti kuchita zimenezi chagwiritsidwa olakwa ndi ophwanya cha Chiyuda ndi zipembedzo zonyenga (mwachitsanzo, akale Aselote). Panopa lilili mu mawonekedwe a otchedwa tsankho atasiya kuyamwa yaing'ono (chiletso) ndi anathemas. The oyamba - izi ndi muyeso wosakhalitsa, ndipo chachiwiri adzachiritsidwa ku kulapa zonse wolakwa.

Tikhoza kunena kuti tanthauzo la Chilango ichi inayambira Akhristu oyambirira. Popeza tanthauzo Greek mawu akuti "mpingo" amatanthauza "msonkhano" kapena dera la okhulupirira, munthu amene adalowa gulu la anthu ( "Eklesia") ndi kupereka ena malonjezo, linaphwanya iwo, mosatsata alankhulane ndi iwo.

Komanso, "mgonero" m'masiku amenewo anali kugwirizana ndi olowa chiyamiko chakudya, umene unachitika mu chikumbukiro cha MGONERO. Choncho achotsa kunaoneka ngati loletsa mlandu kulankhula ndi okhulupirika ku kulapa.

Komabe, patapita kufunika kwa chilango chipembedzo lasintha kwambiri, ndipo ngakhale kukhala chida cha kupondereza anthu, kuphatikizapo ndale. Choyamba, anawonjezera kuti anthu amene ali ndi zikhulupiriro, kwambiri kapena ayi wosiyana kwambiri ndi anthu ambiri, ndipo koposa zonse, mphamvu ya gulu. anthu awa unadziwika ngati ampatuko. Ndiye kunali ngati achotsa monga chiletso, ndipo ankachita makamaka Ulaya, pamene mu mzinda kapena m'mudzi wa amene amaona chilango, osati kubatizidwa, sanakwatiwe osati m'manda ku manda.

Komanso, XII-XIII zaka zikuoneka kuti chilango chipembedzo anayamba basi kubala kwa lalikulu nye zotsatira ndi udindo malamulo. Achotsa - anamuponya kunja kwa otchedwa "anthu Mkhristu", zinachititsa chakuti munthu amene waphedwa, iye ankaberedwa kapena kuphedwa ndipo palibe amene anali kumuthandiza. Anathema ndi wosokoneza wosalapa kuchita ndi chinenero cha kusaka kwatanthauza kuti wadutsa ku dzanja aboma "chifukwa apereka chilango chifukwa" - imfa pamtengo.

Mu mpingo Orthodox, galimoto chimenechi zambiri ankavala kuponderezedwa. Makamaka, munthu unachotsa Mr. imelo iye akanakhoza kukhala m'manda malinga ndi miyambo ya Mkhristu. A chitsanzo chapadera cha iyi ndi nkhani zoterezi wolemba kwambiri, monga Leo Tolstoy. Achotsa za "mkulu wa maganizo" chifukwa iye anadzudzula ziphunzitso ndi Pamilunguyo maganizo awo pa Christianity, makamaka, pa mbalume ndi miyambo, chikwiyire lakuthwa Zionetsero anachita. mkazi wake, pokhala omvera malamulo Orthodox Christian, analemba kalata anakwiya kwa Synod Woyera.

Mofananamo, anachita humanists osati kapena mnyamata chosintha maganizo amodzi, koma nzeru ena achipembedzo, ndipo ngakhale mlangizi malamulo a Mfumu Nicholas II, amene anati chisankho "kupusa" ya Synod. Pa achotsa Tolstoy ku Mpingo wa wolemba anayankha ndi kalata uja, amene ananena kuti chikalatacho ndi zoletsedwa, wotengedwa osati ndi malamulo, ndipo amalimbikitsa ena zoipa. Iye ananenanso kuti iye sangafune a mudziwo, chiphunzitso umene amauona zonyenga ndiponso zoipa, kubisala Chikristu.