Acid amathiridwa: katundu physico-mankhwala, ntchito yokonza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito

acid amathiridwa loyesayesa ntchito mu kusanthula mankhwala, zolinga achire ntchito kuchepetsa. Mu State Pharmacopeia ndi matebulo wapadera umene kudziwa kuchuluka asidi zili wa amadzimadzi njira. Kuti tichite zimenezi, basi ayenera kudziwa yake yokoka yeniyeni.

Ntchito matebulo awa, mukhoza wokongola zosavuta kuti aletse ndende ya njira acid. Ochiritsira (si wolondola zokwanira) asidi njira kungakhale mofulumira anakonza ntchito njira zofanana. Mwachitsanzo, acid amathiridwa ali yokoka enieni 1,19, i.e. munali 37% HC1. Kuganiza kuti ndi zofunika kukonzeketsera 100 ml asidi 10%. Kutero, kupanga chiwerengero lolingana: iliyonse mbali 100 malinga ndi kulemera kwa kupezeka HC1 zili mbali 37 mankhwala enaake a hydrogen. Chifukwa tiyenera kukonzekera 10% njira, iwo ayenera kukhala ndi mbali khumi pa thupi mbali zana wa njira.

Choncho, mu nkhani iyi X - ndi phindu lomwe adzasonyeza mmene kutenga mbali mwa kulemera kwa 37 peresenti yothetsera, diluting ndi madzi mbali 100 ndi kulemera, kupeza 10% njira:

100-37

X-10

X = 100 mbali * 10/37 = 27 ndi kulemera.

Haidrojeni mankhwala enaake - poizoni ndithu mankhwala amene angathe kuyambitsa zilonda zamoto komanso lonse chamoyo kawopsedwe. Monga mankhwala kwa chiphe HC1 ntchito magnesia. Kuti n'chongoletsa chidulo Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito ndi madzi sopo, sprayed nyama makala, mkaka, osiyanasiyana enveloping mankhwala.

Kuledzela zidulo kudzera pakamwa sayenera mankhwala emetics, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala mkati munali enaake soda. Ngati poyizoni m'mimba anali osambitsidwa ndi ndalama mvula wa madzi ndi kafukufuku wina. zotsatira zabwino analandira powonjezera madzi mankhwala enaake a okusayidi wodetsedwa. Pamaso pa amayaka kunja zidulo, madokotala amalangiza malo kugonjetsedwa kwa nthawi yaitali kusamba ndi madzi. MUNDA kuwotcha ndi circumference ake anali mwayeretsa ndi Mowa woyera kenako zoika slurry soda, ndi pamwamba pa izo - mowa gauze.

Haidrojeni mankhwala enaake mwangwiro sungunuka m'madzi. Pa 0 C ͦ buku limodzi la madzi amasungunula mabuku zana mpweya. Mu mankhwala, makampani ngakhale chuma cha dziko anagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri acid amathiridwa. chilinganizo ake ukufanizidwa ndi hydrogen ndi kampira - C1.

HC1 Konzekerani mu zofunika makampani mankhwala hlorovodorodistogo mpweya chosakanikirana ndi madzi. Enaake, wa hydrogen amapangidwa mwa kuchita asidi sulfuric ndi sodium kolorayidi.

Oyera Mayeso

Pali ena amafuna:

- acid amathiridwa mu kapangidwe kake lilibe zitsulo salt lolemera, nitric, nitrous ndi zidulo sulphurous, ufulu chlorine ndi Arsenic;

- analolera zonyozeka kuda salt chitsulo, free C1 zosafunika akhoza chinatseguka anachita: C12 + 12 + 2K1-2KS1;

- chifukwa chofunitsitsa zosafunika asidi sulfurous anakonza njira ya ayodini iodide potaziyamu ndi chizindikiro kuwala - wowuma njira, buluu njira mtundu pamaso pa asidi sulfurous ndi nsaluzi zinkangokhala masekondi 30

- kwambiri zotsalira pa evaporation magalamu 10 asidi sayenera upambana peresenti 0.01 (mchere zosafunika).

The kusanthula kachulukidwe ikuchitika ndi titration ndi sodium wochuluka hydroxide njira pamaso pa methyl lalanje chizindikiro. HC1 analola zili mu chidulo 24,8-25,2%.

acid amathiridwa ndi gawo, ndi madzi kwachilengedwenso. Mwachitsanzo, mu madzi chapamimba, ndende zake zili ndi 0.5%, zimathandiza kuphwanyaphwanya mapuloteni. Kuchepetsa HC1 (8.2%) pamene kutumikiridwa m'kati imayendetsa kutembenuka kwa pepsinogen (proenzyme) mu pepsin, timapitiriza ntchito secretory a kapamba, kumalimbikitsa kayendedwe ka zili m'mimba kwa matumbo. Iwo akusonyeza zimakhudzanso antibacterial mwachibale kwa vegetative ndi spore microflora. Asidiyu anali kutumikiridwa pakamwa kwa acidity yafupika, chifukwa woyamwa mankhwalawa akusowa chitsulo magazi m'thupi.