Development wa psyche mu phylogeny ndi: ndi mawonedwe a kusanthula ongolankhula ndi masitepe ndondomeko

Kuti bwinobwino kumvetsa nkhani za chitukuko cha za psyche umunthu mkati phylogeny, iwo ayenera kufotokozera zili lingaliro ili.

Phylogeny akuimira chitukuko cha thupi kwachilengedwenso chifukwa zinthu zakale ndi zinthu zimene zigwirizana pamodzi ndi chitukuko ichi ndi kutumikira magwero ake. Schematized akhoza ankayimiridwa ngati mtengo nthambi, wophuka, ndi zina nthambi aphedwa ndondomeko ya kukula, pamene ena osauka.

Yosiyana amanena amatumikira akuti ontogenesis, anayamba ndi Ernst Haeckel , ndipo kumaphatikizapo kulingalira chitukuko monga ndondomeko ya kukwaniritsidwa kwa lingathe majini a chamoyo kapena zigawo zake ndi ntchito.

Pakali pano, sayansi zachitika ambiri malangizo ndi ziphunzitso kufufuza Kukula kwa psyche phylogeny. kusiyana yaikulu amaima ndi zimene amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana pokambirana ndi mfundo zikuluzikulu zomwe aziona magawo ena a psyche anthu.

Tiyeni tikambirane zina mwa izo.

Antropopsihizm - chiphunzitsochi wolungama Mnazareti Dekart, amachokera chakuti anazindikira udindo axiomatic cha kupezeka kwa psyche kokha mitundu monga munthu. Mwanjira imeneyi, Descartes zimatengera maganizo a chito zinachokera zosayembekezereka wa psyche ndi conditionality ake akunja.

Oimira masukulu ena - panpsychism (ichi, poyamba pa zonse, oimira chuma French wa Helvetius, Diderot, La Mettrie) ankakhulupirira kuti chitukuko cha psyche mu phylogeny alibe zofooka substantive ndi chibadidwe zonse paliponse, monga mwala, madzi ndi mitengo. Pochita zimenezi, iwo anaona wauzimu aliko onse.

More zolimbitsa poyerekeza ndi chiphunzitso panpsychism tione Kukula kwa psyche mu phylogeny, amene Pamilunguyo oyambitsa biopsihizma - Erich Fromm, A. Lowen. Ananena pamaso pa malingaliro yokhayo zinyama, kuphatikizapo zomera.

zachilendo mu dziko sayansi ndi maganizo a oimira neyropsihizma - sukulu ya sayansi, wotchedwa tate wa Charles Darwin. Malinga ndi chiphunzitso chimenechi, kukula kwa psyche mu phylogeny angayambe okha zamoyo amene adzalandira wamanjenje dongosolo. The sukulu Ndipotu unali wamphamvu kwambiri sayansi Soviet, komanso mwina yekhayo amene sanazichite kutsutsa aliyense maganizo ndi chizunzo. Komabe, pali mafunso ambiri amene analephera kuyankha neyropsihizm, ngakhale chopereka ena oimira ake mu dziko la sayansi sitingalephere kukambapo.

Kuti tipeze bwanji citukuko ca psyche m'kupita kwa phylogeny, oyambitsa anayesa amachepetsa malangizo neyropsihizma - mozgopsihizm, mmodzi wa waukulu mfundo sayansi chidwi neuropsychologist KK Platonov. The oimira mawonedwe izi kunena kuti psyche - khalidwe la zamoyo zimene tili ndi dongosolo mantha, ndi langwiro kwambiri a zanyengo - ubongo. ubongo Ndipotu yekha nyama apamwamba ali ndi dongosolo tubular, pamene tizilombo, mwachitsanzo, ndi dongosolo nodular ya kapangidwe ka wamanjenje dongosolo.

Ngakhale kuti anali osiyana kwambiri kachitidwe onsewa nzeru, onse amadziwa kuti kukhalapo kwa chikumbumtima anthu ndi malingaliro ndi wakuti ngati mitundu. Izi ndi zoona osati chitukuko maganizo mu ndondomeko phylogenetic. Mundawu komanso khalidwe la chitukuko la psyche mu ontogenesis.

psyche kusanduka kumafuna magawo angapo:

- kusintha kwa maganizo galimoto-kwenikweni ndi kusinkhasinkha ku mawonekedwe amamva;

- gulu la amamva mawonekedwe siteji aluntha;

- Development a ubongo maganizo mlingo aluntha chikugwirabe, imene waukulu parametrial katundu wa psyche wa munthu mphamvu ya kuchita chinthu zinthu za chilengedwe weniweni images, kupeza chinenero, ndi chitukuko cha ntchito mokwanira chidziwitso tsiku ndi tsiku ndi malamulo a khalidwe.

Kuphunzira lililonse magawo awa ndi vuto mwachilungamo lalikulu, anapatsidwa multiplicity kutanthauzira ndi zotengera malingaliridwe kwambiri chikhalidwe cha m'munsi umboni kuti ntchito m'munda umenewu wa sayansi.