Akuluakulu yoopsa kwambiri milandu ndi gulu lawo

The milandu Code zimasiyana yekha pa ntchitoyo, komanso kusalekerera kapena mavuto.

The mitundu ikuluikulu ya upandu

Gulu la milandu manda makamaka manda zikutanthauza mlingo wa kuopseza anthu onse kapena zigawo zake munthu, chomwe ndi kuchita. Magulu zosiyanasiyana upandu wakhala ntchito osati kale, poyerekeza ndi France, omwe ntchito Mipikisano gawo gulu la milandu kuyambira 1810.

Mu Russian zochita malamulo a boma anawagawa:

• Small yokoka.
• Wongolerani mwamphamvu.
• Akuluakulu.
• Makamaka kwambiri.

Pakati pa gulu palinso kugawikana. Mitundu ya manda milandu makamaka manda:

• Zambiri.
• Ndi pamaso pa zochitika kukulitsa (oyenerera).
• Ndi kupezeka kwa zinthu mitigating (adalipo).

umboni

Tikumbukenso kuti milandu oyenerera ndi zizindikiro zapadera. Malinga kupezeka upandu pansi zina m'ndondomeko chigawenga zimakhala zosavuta gawo loyamba, lachiwiri - pafupifupi mwamphamvu (pamaso kukulitsa zinthu), ndi lachitatu - Manda (kupezeka mavuto makamaka kukulitsa).

Mwachitsanzo, Article 111 (kuchititsa kuwonongeka mpaka kalekale thanzi) mu ndime 1 ndi 2 ananyamuka pa nthawi imene amati mchitidwewo chingaoneke manda pa pamaso pawo. M'madera 3 ndi 4 a nkhani yomweyo kudzetsa mavuto pa ntchito zomwe wopalamulayo inafuna, pamaso pa zochitika kukulitsa chingaoneke kwambiri.

akamuweruze

Kuti ndi mlingo wa ngozi anafunsa kuti anthu kuti milandu akhala limasonyeza ndi wopanga malamulo kuti asanene chilango. zilango izi ofunitsitsa kutenga nkhani osati mfundo za makhalidwe abwino, komanso kufunika ndi Kugwirizana kwa nyengo ndi chikhalidwe cha chilango cha Tchimo.

Mwachitsanzo, pofuna kulongosola bwino lomwe upandu kwambiri kapena kwambiri, mukhoza kulabadira chilango cha upandu. Pakuti chokhumudwitsa kwambiri, pazipita kuikidwa m'ndende kwa zaka 10, ndipo makamaka lolemera - kuposa mwachindunji nthawi, kumangidwa moyo kapena chilango cha imfa.

Mosasamala za upandu

Pamene choyenereza za upandu ayenera adzanyamula kukumbukira kuti chabe zing'onozing'ono yokoka akhoza wachita ngozi, komanso mlandu zochepa kwambiri. Akuluakulu yoopsa kwambiri odzipereka mwadala yekha. Lamulo sakufotokoza kuchita umodzi wachita chosasamala, yomwe ndi ngozi yaikulu kwa anthu ndipo amanyamula chilango yoyenera.

Machimo amene akhoza anachita kudzera chosasamala, angakhale monga kupha kapena kuchititsa kuwonongeka mpaka kalekale thanzi la munthu cholinga imene zofunika chitetezo (Nkhani 108, gawo 1 ndi 114 wa Code Wachifwamba), wozunzidwayo imfa ndi kanthu kusasamalira lobadwa (Article 109, gawo 1) , kuwononga thanzi mu kutentha chilakolako (nkhani 113), ndipo ena. Izi amaganizira mchitidwe anadabwa mawu zotsatira zake.

Mwachitsanzo, amachirikiza upandu ankafuna kumenya wovulalayo, koma mwangozi anakantha kukachisi, imene anamwalira. Choncho, wopalamulayo sanafune zotsatira za kukhazikitsa cholinga chake, kotero wakupha tidzakambirana monga kuchititsa imfa ndi chosasamala.

The Code Wachifwamba wa kuchitako anapereka kwa Gawo 109, gawo 1, ndipo chikugwirizana, kuphatikizapo kulandidwa lenileni la ufulu kwakanthawi zaka 2. Potchula gulu, malinga ndi zimene zosiyanasiyana za upandu, tisaiwale kuti kukutanthauza zochita yokoka zazing'ono.

Komanso, ngati ife tiyang'ana pa gulu ambiri, lomwe limapanga malire a zochita za nzika kuswa, zolakwa ndi milandu, zochita zimene mu Code Wachifwamba, sangatengedwe kukhala khalidwe loipa kapena kuyan'anila, ngakhale pakhala kuphwanya ufulu wa anthu. Mwachitsanzo, mu Code Wachifwamba pali Article 136 - tsankho. Choncho anachitira Code asathabusa mchitidwewo anachita mothandizidwa ndi zinthu zawo zapadela.

muyambirenso

Akuluakulu yoopsa kwambiri upandu zofunika kudziwa kusuta, amene nawonso, ndi chinthu kukulitsa mu Kuthi milandu ntchito ya upandu kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, chakuti mlandu mlandu ali kale kawiri (kapena nthawi zambiri) mlandu zochepa kwambiri, ndi nthawi kuzindikira nzika ya recidivist lapansi.

Iwo ayenera kukumbukira kuti ntchito za upandu chimodzimodzi, koma kwa nthawi yoyamba, munthu akhoza m'ndende kwa moyo weniweni, koma ndende (ndende) mu ulamuliro wamba kapena okhwima. Imeneyi chomwecho muyambirenso imeneyi m'ndende kosamalira ndi mode wapadera amanena.

UDO malingana zochita yokoka

Kudziwa kuti n'zotheka kumasulidwa kwake pasadakhale gulu la milandu manda makamaka manda ndi kumathandizanso. Ngati mlandu waukulu, atatuluka kundende pa parole zimatheka ngati mkaidi anatumikira osachepera 2/3 la nthawi zotsimikizika ndi chilango. Kuchita chomwe chiri kwambiri kumapereka lingaliro kunyamuka ¾ chilango, ndiyeno yekha n'zotheka abuluke m'ndende parole.

malinga ndi mikhalidwe ya chisankho anatengedwa ndi bwalo. Ngati woweruza aganiza kuti munthu mlandu wasiya nthawi ya chilango, chimene chikufunika kusintha, choncho sangathe kutumikira ena nthawi, izo chiganizo pa amasulidwe mwamsanga. Ziyenera kukhala gawo la chilango zimadalira kuopsa kwa zochita anthu anachita ndi mlandu.

Wozimitsa mbiri chigawenga, malingana ndi mchitidwe kusalekerera

chikoka Special ndi kudalirana ndi anatinso pa kukhudzidwa kukhwima pamene anachita manda makamaka manda milandu. Monga ulamuliro, nthawi anakhala ku DUT kuti zimenezi n'chimodzimodzi ndi zaka zoposa zisanu (mu okwana, malingana zisadzachitikenso mikhalidwe kukulitsa). Ming'oma alipire zonse amakhulupirira yapita zakonzedwa Gawo 86 la malamulo Wachifwamba, ndi poyerekezera ndi gulu la Machitidwe 8 ndi zaka 10, motero. Mu Gawo 5 wa nkhani yomweyo pali makonzedwe kuti ali ndi ufulu sichingapatule, pa khalidwe labwino, chifukwa oyambirira kuchotsa chidaliro mu khoti.

Zochita recidivists makamaka oopsa amene achita manda makamaka manda upandu, mbiri chigawenga si chimatha nthawi.

Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti pamene anthu oterewa ndi kunja kwa mpanda wa njuchi, ngakhale anatsirizika nthawi yoikidwiratu m'ndende, amakakamizidwa kuti zambiri zochita latsopano oletsedwa. Zimenezi ndi zofunika recidivist mu nkhani za kuti kuli ndalama analandira mwa malamulo, kapena kukhalabe ndi mbiri mu dziko chigawenga.

jurisprudence

Pamene choyenereza milandu nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mavuto mawu a akamuweruze. The Kuthi chigawenga anali manda makamaka manda milandu, amene nkhani kupereka mundende chifukwa liwu yaitali kuposa magulu ena onse, amaonedwa monga ya zinthu zinalili pa nthawi ya ntchito zokhudza n'kosaloleka.

Judicial kugonana anapeza zambiri mu kufufuza milandu angapo, koma oweruza amalakwitsa zinthu mobwerezabwereza. Nthawi zambiri, munthu amene wakhala akuchita ingapo chilamulira chikhalidwe ndi mzake, amene akhoza zimachitika lalikulu, chilango ndi zambiri ayenera zotchulidwa Nkhani waukulu.