Ammayi Emma Tsesarskaya: yonena, filmography, moyo ndi chidwi mfundo

Poyamba, sichinkagwirizana mu Soviet 20s amaziona m'mafilimu tikunena, ku mbali yaikulu, pa avant-garde chigawo chosintha. Koma Kekale munthuwina, pamaso osadziwika Emma Tsesarskaya kukhala wotchuka filimu zisudzo. Iye sikuti anali ndi chithumwa maginito ndi kukongola, komanso lamkati Kudzidalira. Kutchuka kwa filimu nyenyezi wa USSR anali chodabwitsa, pambuyo udindo wa Aksinya mu "Matama Umayenda ya Don" Emma Tsesarskaya anali naye. Wambiri, filmography Ammayi ungadzakhazikitsidwe mosiyana, ngati icho chinali anamangidwa mwamuna wake ... koma iye molimba mtima anapirira kulasa onse tsoka ndipo anayesa kuthetsa mavuto a moyo. ndi njira kulenga ya nyenyezi mafilimu a kanema Soviet chiyani? Taganizirani funso ili mwatsatanetsatane.

zokhudza mbiri

Emma Tsesarskaya anabadwa mu Ukraine, mu Ekaterinoslavle (Dnepropetrovsk). Izo zinachitika June 3, 1909. Kuyambira ndili mwana, mtsikana akufuna kukhala limba wotchuka. Koma ngati iye ali ndi chidwi chachikulu "luso lalikulu." Emma Tsesarskaya, mbiri yomwe ndithu tiziganizire wapadera mwamsanga zaka sikisitini wasankha kupita ku likulu la Soviet kupfundza Ammayi lapansi.

Achibale anamuthandiza kusankha bungwe maphunziro, kuweluza Film School Borisa Chaykovskogo, mutu umene ngakhale sanali mkulu otchuka, koma anakhoza kuphunzira zounikira ngati wa mafilimu a kanema Soviet, ngati Nikolai Kutuzov ndi Rice Esipova. Mu 1928, Emma Tsesarskaya amakhala maphunziro a mabungwe a pamwamba.

Woyamba maudindo kanema

Atatsala pang'ono kutha kwa mtsikana filimu sukulu akuitanidwa kutenga nawo mbali pa filimu "Baba Ryazan, zomwe anauzidwa ndi Ivan Pravov ndi Olga Preobrazhenskaya. Iye amafika wina wa udindo waukulu. Emma Tsesarskaya lidayenera mkazi wamba amene amakakamizidwa kuti amenyane Domostroi ndipo zotsala za ulamuliro akale. Iye kwakukuru uzigwirizana ndi ntchito akuchita. Pambuyo wina ntchito wanzeru Tsesarskaya. Mu 1929, mkulu wotchedwa Dmitry Poznan ndi Alexander Shtrizhak-Steiner kukangana Emma Vladimirovna udindo Bolshevik Paraskevi, anataya anthu adakonda mu First World nkhondo.

Choyamba Aksinia Soviet mafilimu a kanema

Cha m'ma 20 ntchentche lalikulu Soviet wolemba Mikhail Sholokhov finalizing "wosafa" ntchito "Matama Umayenda ya Don".

Motsogoleredwa ndi Ivan Pravov ndi Olga Preobrazhenskaya, popanda kuganiza kawiri, tinaganiza kuti filimu buku otchuka. Udindo kumvera Aksinya anaitanidwa Ammayi Emma Tsesarskaya. Mndandanda wa Soviet mafilimu filimu nyenyezi anawonjezera chithunzi cha "Matama Umayenda ya Don". Iye akhadikhira bwino kwenikweni. Ammayi unachita chifanizo cha wokongola ndipo yosadziwika Cossack. Oonera osangalala kupita mafilimu kuti ateteze "The Matama Don". Ukukamba "Dailey Walker" (USA) analemba cholemba za Tsesarskaya: "Amene akufuna kuwona masiku akubwera, anatengera lalikulu la buku, ndi luso angathe kukhala ndi masewera wasinthika Ammayi lokongolali ndi zokongola amene ayenera kunyadira dziko lonse."

Woyambitsa "Matama Umayenda ya Don" anasangalala ndi digiri yapamwamba ya luso, amene anasonyeza Emma Vladimirovna pa Anatipatsa. Komabe, tisaiwale kuti filimu chinaperekedwa ku kutsutsa aakulu ndi censors kuti: atsogoleri amene anajambula zapamwamba, anali m'gulu la Association Chiwukirano wa Film Antchito. Chowakonda linali losavuta :. "Pakuti utumiki wa zokonda zazing'ono-bourgeois wa wowerenga za"

Mufilimuyi kwa nthawi yaitali kusonkhanitsa fumbi pa shelefu, ndipo okha alowererepo patokha Mikhail Sholokhov kuti athetse vutoli.

The heyday ntchito

Tsesarskaya Emma Vladimirovna anatchuka kwambiri osati ntchito yake monga Aksinya. kutchuka kwake wachulukitsa ntchito mu filimu "chimwemwe" (I. Childs, O. Preobrazhenskaya, 1933), "The Rise asodzi" (M. Doller, E. Piscator, 1934). magulu Soviet komanso khalidwe mkazi wamasiye Vasilisa, lotsogoledwa "Babi kupanduka" mu filimu "Chikondi ndi Chidani" (A. Gendelshteyn, 1935). Movie mafani anawombera m'manja pakumva: "Emma Tsesarskaya". mafilimu ake ndayesera konse kuphonya. Pofika m'ma 30s, iye anali mwayi onse kutchedwa Ammayi nambala wani mu USSR. Ngakhale Opanga filimuyi yachilendo anamusilira talente maphunziro filimu sukulu B. Tchaikovsky, mosayang'anira kuvomereza pa mapeyala chithunzichi "Abale Karamazov."

Iwo mosakayikira kuti yekha luso lake ndi luso ingathandize kusonyeza akamanena za khalidwe la ntchito powerenga. Chifukwa ntchito yake filimu anatengera a buku Fedora Dostoevskogo Ammayi Emma Tsesarskaya zinali kulandira amalipiritsa yokulirapo. Komabe, filimuyi nyenyezi anakakamizika kusiya ntchito chifukwa cha "kuthamanga yochokera kumwamba" ...

Kupindika mu tsoka

M'chaka cha 1937 chinachake chinachitika kuti ukasintha anasintha moyo wa Ammayi lapansi. "Chekists" pansi kumangidwa mkazi Tsesarskaya - Maksa Stanislavskogo. Iye anali ku ukapolo, ndipo Ammayi sankadziwa kanthu za tsoka lake. Only mu mochedwa 50 Emma Vladimirovna m'manja zikalata imene anaphunzira kuti mwamuna wake kuti aphedwe m'chilimwe cha 37 TH. Atamangidwa wake, filimu nyenyezi anataya nyumba zawo, chuma ankalandidwa, ntchito akuchita anayamba kutha mofulumira. Kutsiriza ntchito mu filimu "mwana wamkazi wa Mama," iye analephera. Director Korsch-Sablin anali kufunafuna m'malo a. Long miyezi kukakamizidwa kukhala mu "makoma anai" Ammayi Emma Tsesarskaya kupeza malo, pamene anamva masitepe pa masitepe ndi, maganizo okonzeka choona kuti anabwera kwa iye.

Koposa zonse iye anali nkhawa ndi tsogolo la mwana wake, amene ndinangowasiya chaka chimodzi. zinali pafupifupi chiyembekezo.

Thandizeni wolemba kwambiri

Kupirira ndi mavuto Ammayi anathandiza wolemba Mikhail Sholokhov, zomwe boma Soviet wokongola. Okha kuti zikutsutsana ndi woyambitsa "Matama Umayenda ya Don" kupulumutsidwa Emma Vladimirovna: mkaziyo anabwerera nyumba ndi mwayi kuti kupitiriza ntchito filimu. Mu 1939, pa zikwangwani Soviet mu filimu "The Bakuman munthuyo" motsogoleredwa Konstantinom Yudinym. Iwo Tsesarskaya ankaimba mkazi wa mtsogoleri wa. Pamaso kujambula wotsogolera anafunsa mwamantha: "Emma, kodi mwakonzeka kuwombera?" Ndipo yankho linali positive. Mu mafilimu chisanadze nkhondo Tsesarskaya zambiri distrusted zithunzi za heroines mokondwera ndi amphamvu wofuna, koma amasewera Ammayi zinali zovuta. Iwo anazindikira yekha Emma Vladimirovna. "Ine ndinayesa kugwira ntchito mwakhama kuti mukhale machitidwe ake talente, koma kwa ine zinali n'kofunika kuti athe kubweretsa ndi kuphunzitsa mwana wake" - iye anati.

Ntchito pambuyo pa nkhondo

Back mu 1944, Emma V. limodzi ndi gululo filimu wosewera situdiyo Theatre. Mu kachisi wa Melpomene iye anatumikira mpaka 1963. Nkhondo itatha, iye kawirikawiri anaonekera pa Anatipatsa, kulandira otsogolera ndi kupereka kusewera mbali.

Mu zaka 50 Tsesarskaya amaonetsa kumbukirani filimu A. Rowe "May Night, kapena anamira Buthu", imene ali udindo wa m'bale. Komabe, chilakolako kusewera kachiwiri Aksinya mu Sergeya Gerasimova mawu sanali, mwatsoka, zaka anatenga muyezo wake ndi wotsogolera ndinaganizira E. Bystritskaya.

Mu 60 Tsesarskaya kunawala mu mafilimu monga "Nahalenok" (E. Karelia, chifaniziro cha mkazi wa wansembe), "Sangalalani Chaka" (A. Efros), "akugona Mkango" (A. Faintsimmer). The wosewera wotchuka wotsogolera Yevgeny Morgunov, kuwombera yochepa filimu "Pamene Cossacks Kulira", anapempha maphunziro filimu sukulu B. Tchaikovsky chifukwa cha ntchito kumvera Darya, amene Ammayi unachita modyerera ndi talente, mumapezera ndemanga mokalipa kwa anthu.

Kuyambira theka lachiwiri la 60s tikhoza kulankhula za kutha kwa ntchito filimu ya Emma Vladimirovna Tsesarskaya.

Pomaliza

Anamwalira pa February 28, 1990. Ammayi The anaikidwa m'manda mu chigawo choyamba cha Don manda a likulu.

Pa mwambo wa maliro a bwenzi mu filimu "Bakuman ndi khalidwe" wosewera Michael Gluzsky anati: "Tsesarskaya Emma Vladimirovna anali Ammayi zodabwitsa ndi mkazi wokongola. Zidzakhala kwa ife tonse wamtengo wapatali chidina Soviet-nyengo mafilimu a kanema 20-40-ntchentche. "