Arabic chokongoletsera. Ancient dziko chokongoletsera

Phunzirani ndi kumvetsa miyambo ya anthu ndi zotheka chifukwa cholowa chake chikhalidwe ndi luso. Ntchito wamkulu anthu - yokongola zithunzi zosiyana okha, zovala, nyumba, zosiyanasiyana zinthu, zida, zida. Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mawonekedwe luso fano - ndi chokongoletsera wakale. Iwo sangakhoze anapambulwa pa chinthu lomwe lilipo. Koma nthawi zambiri yokha wapatali ndipo ndi ntchito ya luso. Kalembedwe ndi zojambula, zamaluwa, ndi mtundu - zojambula, ziboliboli, zochita zojambulajambula. chokongoletsera chilichonse wokongola zolinga kotsimikizika, wopangidwa mwa zinthu umodzi kapena kuposerapo. akonzedwa Izi a zinthu mu chokongoletsera nthawi ndi nthawi kuphedwa monga chidutswa umodzi. Mwa njira mbali chithunzi, njira mbuye dera dongosolo analengedwa monga Chili amajambulapo maluwa okongola ku zomera kapena zinyama ndi zithunzi kapena amajambulapo maluwa okongola zojambula ndi mawonekedwe chinthu zingadziŵike mizu chikhalidwe ndi mbiri yakale chokongoletsera chake ndiwe wa anthu makamaka.

Ndipo pamene wachinsinsi chitsanzo, nkhani yoyamba za chiyambi chake, kenako kudziwa cholinga ndi wokhutira. Tanthauzo la chokongoletsera Ancient yosiyanasiyana ake yonse mu chitukuko cha mitundu ya makono ya Tirhana na Timatheriyali sitingalephere kukambapo.

Gawo zosiyanasiyana zokongoletsera

Ziwerengero zokongoletsa mbiya ndi Ndalama pa trays siliva; Pantchito dera pa makalapeti wakale samotkanyh, nsalu; mwapadera nsalu chingwe - zodzikometsera Za mtundu uwu zimachokera ku ntchito anthu (monga anayamba kulankhula - katswiri), wotchedwa luso. Mu maiko, nthawi zambiri yokhotakhota chitsanzo zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana ndi zizindikiro. mtundu uwu umatchedwa mophiphiritsa. A kuphatikiza zizindikiro ndi zinthu zovuta luso popanda chiwembu yeniyeni anapereka chitukuko kwambiri mtundu zojambula. Izi zokongoletsera Gothic ndi kalembedwe Arabic.

Mtundu zomera ndi ambiri ndipo wakale. Zolinga mabuku enieni a maluwa, zipatso, zomera, masamba ndisawazindikire kuti makongoletsedwe awo. Apa mtundu uliwonse ali ndi zomera ankakonda ulemu. Komanso zokongoletsa ambuye akale zosonyeza zilombo iwo kusaka, kapena amene ali wopatulika kwa iwo ndi amene ali ndi iwo choncho makamaka akulemekezedwa nyama.

Pa mtima wa mtundu wosangalatsa wa chokongoletsera ndi zomera ndi nyama si sakupezeka. Ancient Rome, komwe ankasangalala kwambiri zochitika ndi zinthu ed ndi nyimbo luso, moyo wapamwamba kapena zida zankhondo, ndi kunyumba kwa cholinga cha chokongoletsera lapansi. Thambo ndi nyenyezi, dzuwa ndi mwezi - ndi zinthu za dongosolo astral ankaikira China ndi Japan. Nthawi yomweyo anabadwa chokongoletsera wokongola kwa malo monga: pa izo, mapiri, mitsinje, mathithi, nkhalango ndi minda. M'mayiko Arab, chitukuko yaikulu walandira makamaka akuwuka maonekedwe a chinenero olembedwa, wopangidwa mwa makalata ndi makombo a lemba, mtundu wa ornamentation calligraphic. mitundu yonse ya zokongoletsa kawirikawiri kukhalapo mu mawonekedwe koyera, zapiringizana pafupipafupi kudutsa ndi azigwirizana.

Features luso Arab

Zosemasema analengedwa ndi anthu a dziko Arab , makamaka zauzimu ndi expressiveness, pamlingo wabwino wa okongola ndi chapamwamba. Pantchito Arabic ndi zokongoletsa ndi wapadera ndi choyambirira zosiyanasiyana chidwi. Bukuli lili ndi chipembedzo cha Chisilamu, omwe amaletsa akamachita anthu, nyama, zolengedwa zonse zamoyo. Choncho, mwachitsanzo, Chiarabu chokongoletsera kawirikawiri zikuphatikizapo zinthu zinyama, ndipo kenako mawonekedwe stylized. chikhalidwe cha Chisilamu pafupi zojambula amajambulapo maluwa okongola amene tanthauzo zidzasintha kuyenda ndi kupitiriza kwa munthu amizidwa dziko la yodziŵiratu zinthu pasadakhale, maloto, wofuna kuphunzira zinsinsi za moyo.

Arabic chokongoletsera ndi maziko a luso pulasitiki Asilamu, kodi luso la chizindikiro luso mawu, mawu, aphorisms ku Qur'an Woyera kwa iwo - Zilembozo zinkasonyeza.

Chokongoletsera monga ngati luso Arab

Kuphunzira dongosolo ndi maubwenzi ndi anthu a luso yokongola limachititsa ntchito zonse luso mwapang'onopang'ono akale lero. Arabic chokongoletsera ndi ofunika kwambiri chigawo chabwino ndi luso loyambirira la East ali ndi wapadera zokongoletsa ndi wokhutira ndi mbali yofunikira kwambiri chikhalidwe dziko.

mawonekedwe akanthe kuphweka zovuta ndi bata mafunde, iwo azolowere zenizeni ndi kuima monga malire pakati pa dziko ndi munthu. Arabic chokongoletsera Limavumbula kwambiri mumtima dziko kulenga ambuye ake. Zikuoneka kuti iwo aphunzira kusamalira talente awo, zinachitikira wolemera kusewera choncho woonda onse mithunzi ya zinachitikira anthu. Kuti kuulula mokwanira anaima cholinga Arab chokongoletsera, mfitiyo amagwiritsa zosiyanasiyana, kuwapatsa tanthauzo latsopano mothandizidwa ndi kuwala ndi chinenero mtundu.

Graphic mchitidwe chimaposa, ndi zokongoletsera ambuye Arab kuoneka ngati voluminous wodalirika. Mwakuya yosintha danga lonse, olemba kufufuta malire, wodziwonetsa ntchito yawo mu kutulo ndithu. Iyi ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri chimene chimasiyanitsa chito Arabic ndi zokometsera zina zilizonse.

Lamulo la mungoli mu chokongoletsera ndi

Pakuti mwamuna anazolowera chodabwitsa mungoli. usana ndi usiku. Kugona ndi maso. Kotero ife tikuyembekezera iye zosemasema: nyimbo ndi versification, ndi chithunzi ndi zomangamanga. Mungoli - ichi ndi dongosolo. Violation kapena kusowa mungoli ndi maganizo ngakhale akutivutitsa. Ndi chifukwa kukhalapo kwa kayendedwe ndife okondwa ndi kuzizwa, akutama kukongola kwa ntchito za luso la Arabic ornamentation pa pulasitala, njerwa, matabwa, mkuwa, siliva. Zikuoneka kuti mbuye nayenso kayendedwe ka chuma ndi zojambula yokongola, kusonyeza kukongola ndi kufunika kwa zinthu chitsanzo. zinthu zina yokongola subordinated kwa kayimbidwe kotani ena, ndipo poyerekezera ndi mzake iwo mungoli. Arabic chokongoletsera mbuye mofananira kuti wochititsa yopuma azipereka. Choncho, ntchito woona wa luso yokongola wogwirizana.

Mitundu ya zodzikometsera Arabic

Kumvetsa kumene kuyandikira kudzoza awo kwa mabwana Arab, muyenera kupereka zipululu kosalekeza kwa Africa North ndi Arabiya: lotseguka, chosefukira danga, olimbika, njira kumulowetsa, mabedi a mitsinje, mapiri. Pamaso pa mchenga gilded merges ndi buluu wowala wa kumwamba ndi mtsinje, ndipo pafupi ndi madzi lopotana zitsamba onunkhira ndi yowala kwambiri mitundu. Ambuye kusinthidwa ndi ndinazolowera chokongoletsera zonse kwa zaka zidawazinga. Amajambulapo maluwa okongola kwambiri. Pali zinthu kuzindikira Mwachitsanzo, chikhalidwe wakale, ndipo pali umboni kuti N'zosatheka kudziwa zinachitika a. Chinthu chofunika yambiri Arab ndi mfundo ndi. Mizu izi - mu chipembedzo cha Chisilamu. Mu East, zosiyanasiyana chithunzi mfundo mu chokongoletsera ndi odala zomveka kuti moyo wautali ndi wosangalala. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri osati kulankhulana, koma kutembenuka za mtundu umodzi wa chokongoletsera kwa ena kenako mu chinachake umboni ndithu.

girihi mfundo

Girih - choyimira cha chokongoletsera zojambula. Zinthu zazikulu ndi akalumikidzidwa ndi: bwalo, chowulungika, makona, lalikulu, polygons. Iwo ndi zizindikiro zonse, zimene chilengedwe anamanga. Mwachitsanzo, bwalo akuimira pakati ndi kusuntha lalikulu kugwirizana ndi kuti kumva. Kuyambira Chiwerengerochi, zizindikiro za ambuye Arab mobwerezabwereza kupotoza ndi superimposing chimodzi pa zina, kulenga zovuta, mwamasamu molondola limagwirizana chokongoletsera.

Ndipo pamene ankaona zokongoletsera Chiarabu ambiri (mu mzikiti Mwachitsanzo), ndiye chidwi osakaniza mosiyanasiyana zojambula mu mlengalenga. Zozizwitsa molondola ornamented chitsanzo zofanana ndi mawonekedwe a arches gallery, mawonekedwe a mawindo. Kodi zodabwitsa mtundu kapangidwe chokongoletsera pa denga ndi khoma, gables ndi pansi! buku lino onse mosiyana ndi limodzi chifukwa cha sewero kuwala ndi mthunzi.

Islimi - njira m'munda Mulungu

Pa mtima wa Arab chokongoletsera - Image wosatha mwauzimu ndi masamba ndi maluwa. Ndi chizindikiro cha njira yothandizira m'munda wa Edene, kapena lingaliro la chitukuko kopitirira ndi ukuyanga mphukira wobiriwira. Mu islimi chokongoletsera ali njira zisanu: nsalu, losavuta forked, amondi-mphako ndi mapiko. mitundu imeneyi kulibeko payokha, ali Kugwirizana ndi kudzaza ena amajambulapo maluwa okongola Arab chokongoletsera kuti brooked palibe voids.

Khatai - ndi chosavuta islimi. Anthu umatheka ndi nthambi, koma chabe. M'mayiko Arab, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri pa pamakoma a nyumba ndi jugs penti ndi zokongoletsa pamphasa.

arabesque Chisilamu

Mu dziko la chisilamu ndi mtundu wamba arabesque yokongola. Iwo chokongoletsedwa ndi katundu wa m'nyumba, ndi nyumba yakale ndipo malo olambirira. Mtundu wa chokongoletsera zachokera kubwereza kwa zidutswa mu mungoli ena, ndipo wosachita fano lililonse. Ndi pafupifupi kumatha maziko, chifukwa zinthu zikugwirizanira mzake.

Mu mosalekeza kuluka chitsanzo Mwamsanga kupanga wosatha Arab kafungo osawerengeka. Zinthu zazikulu ndi arabesques chomera mbali ndi intertwining, olumikizidwa ku ligature wapadera, kusiya kwa osawerengeka.

Arabic Zilembozo zinkasonyeza

Special kukongoletsa khalidwe Arabic Zilembozo zinkasonyeza. Zikamera wa zilembo ndi kulemba ambiri akuti ndi kuyambitsa chachikulu cha anthu. Ancient mwala zolemba ku mudzi wa Nebati, anapulumuka ndipo anapanga mu nthawi chisanadze Chisilamu mu Arabic, zimatsimikizira kuti Aluya anabwereka zilembo nabattsev anansi tikukhala mu kumpoto cha kum'mawa kwa Arabiya. Muslim, pa Arab kudziwa zilembo ndi kuwerenga luso anadalitsidwa ndi kulimbikitsidwa kuona Koran. The Chiarabu zoona, chilankhulidwe cha zopatulika iliyonse buku Muslim. Ndipo Koran anakhala malo osonkhaniranapo anthu Arab. Icho chinali kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyankhulana ndi kulemba anthu ophunzira a kalasi iliyonse ndi zikhulupiriro zipembedzo. Mu demokalase tanthauzo lenileni limeneli cha Arabic kulemba. Ndipo, ndithudi, amene iye wakhala chida kulenga. Opanga Zilembozo zinkasonyeza, makamaka amene analembedwa ndi nash (kwalembedwa Koran), amakonda udindo waukulu anthu, amene ali pafupi ndi boma. Arabic Zilembozo zinkasonyeza luso - munthu wolemekezeka, chapamwamba ndipo zinathandiza. Zikomo kwa iye, mu Koran wopatulika wakhala mawonekedwe chogwirika. Nthawi zambiri, mwini zokongoletsera khoma zikugwirizanira ntchito za Arabic Zilembozo zinkasonyeza mu mawonekedwe a mawu a Malemba Opatulika: "Atamandike Mulungu yekha", "Mphamvu wa Mulungu"; kapena mawu ena: "Chimwemwe", "Moyo," "Muyaya".