Archibald Cronin, "Citadel": Mwachidule

Scottish dokotala ndiponso wolemba Archibald Cronin (1896-1981) moyo wautali, kusiya cholowa cha ana a nkhani zambiri, zina zachidule lalifupi ndi za zitatu dazeni voluminous zolengedwa zolembalemba. Ambiri a mabuku ake olembedwa zosavuta kumvetsa kalembedwe, anajambula mu zaka zoyambirira pambuyo bukulo.

Lero, kamodzinso anabwera chidwi owerenga mmodzi wa ntchito wotchuka, amene analenga Archibald Cronin - "Citadel". Comments za buku ili zikusonyeza kuti anakhudzidwa nkhani ndi zogwirizana ngakhale lero, ngakhale kuyambira kulemba wakhala pafupifupi makumi asanu ndi atatu.

Kudutsa zabwino zonse ndi mavuto a chiwembu, ndithudi, bwino kuti uone gwero pachiyambi. The kwambiri chifukwa buku linamasuliridwa m'zinenero zambiri, kuphatikizapo pa Russian. Chidule cha Romana Kronina "The Citadel" limaoneka m'buku lino. Tikukhulupirira kuti kuzolowerana ndi iye, inu sakhoza kudzikana ndekha losavuta kuwerenga mankhwala kwathunthu.

Ankadziwa waukulu khalidwe ndi mwambo bwaloli

Mu chaputala choyamba cha buku la "The Citadel" Archibald Cronin atamukoka owerenga chikhalidwe cha malonda English Society 20 ntchentche Mu zaka zapitazo. Novice dokotala Andrew Manson tsogolo kumabweretsa m'tauni yaing'ono migodi, kumene iye anali kukhala wothandizira a m'deralo Aesculapius Page.

Atangofika, Andrew waphunzira kuti iye adzayenera kuchita ntchito zonse yekha, chifukwa bwana wake chigonere manjenje. Mkazi Page anthu cantankerous okalamba anazindikira kufika udani Manson ndipo amayesetsa mu njira iliyonse kuti amenye.

umunthu

Monga dokotala mwa kuphunzitsa, Archibald Cronin "Citadel" amaganiziranso matenda. Njira buku akufotokozedwa woyamba madokotala wamng'ono pa munda osankhidwa. Khalani akuyamba Manson si bwino kwathunthu. Zaneduzhivshemu anachititsa kuti wodwalayo, Andrew kovuta kudziwa chifukwa cha matenda. Posachedwa wakumana Filippom Denni, amene ngakhale khalidwe penapake modzikuza, koma zimathandiza mnzake kupanga matenda lolondola la wodwalayo.

Iwo likukhalira kuti mzindawo unali pansi pa kuwopsyeza kwa mliri Nthenda yofanana ndi tayifodi. Mlandu uyu anali kusowa ukhondo, izo zimayambitsa mavuto dongosolo kuchimbudzi. Manson ndi Denny kuti ndikaonekere kwa akuluakulu kukonza zinthu. Atalephera, achinyamata anaganiza kuti aphulitsa omwe anachita dzimbiri amatseguka kuchimbudzi chitoliro, yemwe anakhala gwero la kufala kwa matenda amene akanafa.

Chiyambi cha chikondi

buku lakuti "The Citadel" (A. Cronin analemba mu 1937), osati limasonyeza mapangidwe mavuto a nthawi, koma limakambanso za nazo mwawo. Mu limodzi la masiku anakhala m'tauni Blenelli Endryu Menson akukumana Kristin Berlou. msonkhano wawo chikuchitika mu bungwe maphunziro komwe dokotala anapita zinzawozo aphunzitsi kuletsa ntchito ana omwe abale, kapena alongo akudwala chikuku. Abiti Barlow, ntchito ya uphunzitsi, nthawi yomweyo anakopeka Manson.

Kenako, iye amaona za tsoka kovuta atsikana ataya makolo awo oyambirira, ndipo kenako kwathunthu Christine amatenga chuma cha mtima wake. Mu mtima Manson akuyamba kuti asonkhezere moto wa chikondi chenicheni.

Anthu otchuka maganizo

"Citadel" (Aroma Kronina) - nkhani akuponyera ngwazi abwino, anakumana ndi kusankha: woona zachipatala cholinga kapena patsogolo ludzu. Mu chaputala choyamba Manson mankhwala Zikuoneka kuti owerenga Knight a mankhwala, zolinga zake zonse akuuzidwa kuti thandizo chosadzikonda kwa anthu mosaganizira ndalama kapena chuma chawo.

Popeza ankagwiritsa ntchito Congress ya British Medical Union Freddie Hemsonom, Andrew amamva chisoni chenicheni pamene iye akumva zonena za anthu mbiri mnzakeyo wake yemwe anali, ndalama, kusunthira mmwamba ntchito makwerero. N'zotheka kuti zinachitika wa protagonist ndi mwini Cronin. "Citadel" mu luso kusonyeza worldview awo mlembi zachipatala.

kupambana oyambirira kukhonda yosamutsa

Andrew amakwaniritsa wopambana m'zochita zake. Wamaliza kuchiza mmodzi mwa anthu okhala matenda a m'maganizo, komanso kuwapulumutsa ku imfa ya khanda amene amayi yaitali anadwala osabereka. Zoyenereza za mnyamata amaona, kasamalidwe wanga Manson amapereka kutenga malo a dokotala m'malo Dr. Page. Andrew nobly akukana kaonedwe izi sankafuna kusiya bwana wake popanda n'zodalirika a.

Popeza ndalandira kwa banja la mkaziyo za guineas asanu ndi mwana woyamwitsa, Manson awaponya kubanki. Izi amazindikira mkazi wa Dr. Page ndi Andrew limanenela a kuba ndalama kwa mwamuna wake. dokotala Young akuitana mboni wosalakwa ndipo amachititsa zoipa Akazi Paige kupepesa. Pambuyo Manson akusankha kuchoka utumiki ndipo posachedwapa anasamukira kutauni ina migodi, kumene ankapereka kuntchito.

Mfundo ndi kupanduka

Zochokera m'tauni ya Eberle, Manson amapereka wokondedwa wake naye. Kristin anavomera ndipo banja ayamba akonzekeretse moyo mu malo atsopano. Pasanapite nthawi kuchokera Andrew uka mavuto kuntchito. Anthuwa akudandaula madokotala mfundo za adawatsutsa kuti apereke popanda kudwala tchuthi. nkhondo utatha mwamsanga, ndipo angapo ali regulars Manson m'tawuni osankhika bwalo, mabwenzi ndi mwini wake wa migodi ya malasha ndi Richard Vaughan.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, Andrew anakumana ndi mano ndi dzina la Kohn Bolend. Munthu uyu ali wansangala ndi kaonedwe chidaliro pa moyo. Pakati Manson ndi Bolendom ananamizira ubwenzi. Pamodzi kuyesa kutsimikizira anzake ena kusiya kulipira kuchuluka kwa ndalama zawo waukulu m'tawuni dokotala. The E maganizo opanduka anapanga Manson, koma popanda munthu wina wamano, sizinapezekebe amapereka.

Sitepe ndi sitepe kumabweretsa khalidwe lake anatenga malire wina makhalidwe amatchedwa "citadel" Cronin. Film zochokera buku mu 1938, inali kuperekedwa pa "Oscar" mphoto m'magulu anayi. Ndipo tiyenera kukhulupilira kuti udindo waukulu mu kutchuka mafilimu ankaimba katswiri wolemba ndi kufunika kwa nkhani za chikhalidwe anamuukitsa.

chigonjetso Scientific, ndi matsoka munthu

Manson wogwidwa zolinga kusintha kuti alipo mu dongosolo thanzi la dzikolo. Iye anazindikira kuti zimenezi zimafuna osati kupambana kwa ogwira ntchito, komanso kwambiri sayansi. Andrew ndi mutu wake kumizidwa mu maphunziro awo, ikufotokoza vuto la matenda a m'mapapo anthu ogwira ntchito malasha, ndiyeno bwino kwambiri nkhani yolembedwa wake ndipo analandira digiri ya Doctor wa Science.

ntchito Manson anali wofunika kwambiri ndi akatswiri zoweta ndi achilendo. American wasayansi Richard Andrew Stilmen akutumiza kalata omwe amanena mosangalala za zotsatira za kafukufuku wa sayansi.

Mu nthawi yomweyo mu moyo wa mavuto enaake Manson akupezeka. Christine, kukhala ndi pakati, kugwa kuchokera pa mlatho akale ndi wotaya mwana wake. Komanso, zikuoneka kuti zoipa mpaka kalekale zimaphwanya mtsikana chimwemwe cha mayi.

Patapita nthawi, kachiwiri tsoka la dokotala amaika bandwagon. Anthuwa kuyambira pachiyambi ndi bated iye kukhumudwa, mlandu Manson ya kumwa nyama, chifukwa ambiri zatsopano sayansi ikuchitika nkhumba mbira. Monga nkhani yofunika kupita msonkhano wa komiti ya ntchito ndi cholinga yogwilitsidwa ofesi ya dokotala Andrew. Koma Manson, popanda kuyembekezera nkhani iliyonse, mwaufulu anatsanzika.

Kusamukira ku London, ndipo ankadziwa likulu la beau Monde

Mu kuya kwa zochitika unexplored latsopano chitaya khalidwe lake Archibald Cronin. Citadel, wodzala ndi mayesero, limafotokoza kukumbatirana pamaso Manson. Opanda ntchito, Andrew mwadzidzidzi analandira kuitanira anthu ku malo katswiri kudwala Committee kuntchito m'migodi ya malasha ndi metallorudnyh. Nditabwerera ndi mkazi wake London, Manson kukhulupirira kuti ntchito za komiti sanali iye, monga sapereka mpata kuzindikira ukatswiri wawo akatswiri.

Kusiya uninteresting positi, Andrew akuyesera kupeza mchitidwe payekha. Koma zimenezi zimafuna ndalama, yomwe banja sikokwanira. Ndi mwayi mwayi wodwala akukhala Martha Manson Kremb - Ntchito wina likulu la masitolo ambiri yapamwamba. Mkazi dokotala akuonetsa, kuchiritsa ziwengo ake, abwenzi anga. Posachedwa Endryu Menson bwino olemera ndi amalonda otchuka London amene akazi kwa iye kuti mankhwala.

Miyendo ya "fano la mwana wang'ombe"

Osati moto, lupanga ndi mkuwa mipope akukumana ngwazi Dr. Cronin. Citadel amatenga mawonekedwe a mwana wang'ombe, mu mphamvu ya ndilo Manson. Ndikuiwala za zilakolako zake zabwino, Andrew amakhala membala wa madokotala ammudzi amene kupindula mavuto ndi masautso odwala. Chifukwa cha phindu la Aesculapius yotereyi kusocheretsa anthu mwa kutsogolera panjira koma nthawi achabechabe ndi woopsa kwa odwala matenda.

Manson kumatanthauza mwachinyengo awa, ngakhale lacrimal pempho la mkazi wake kuti kugulitsa ulemu wawo akatswiri ndi ulemu. Revenues chakwera, Andrew kupitiriza mchitidwe payekha mwa malo mtengo kwambiri mumzindawo. Christine limaletsa khalidwe la mwamuna wake, koma atamudzudzula chifukwa Manson kuyabwa yekha. Anatumiza mkazi wake kwa chilimwe mu mzinda migodi pa kuyitana kwa banja Vaughan, Andrew ali pa chibwenzi ndi wina wa akazi a anthu mkulu - Frensis Lorens.

Mwadzidzidzi nzeru ndi imfa ya

Pa ntchito yosavuta chimene chikutsimikizira Dr. Ivory, amene amati ndi odziwa dokotala m'deralo, kutsogolo kwa Manson anapha mtima. Andrew ndi amadziŵa zimene zili mu bwalo la charlatans zachipatala amene chidwi ndi phindu, ataya luso lawo. Manson, manyazi kufooka kwake ndipo mogwirizana ndi machenjerero awa, akusankha kuchoka m'deralo.

Patapita nthawi, bwenzi lakale la Cohn Bolend Manson limatiuza kuti mwana wake wamkazi anali amasowa kudwala. Mu London Clinic mtsikana, akudwala TB, sakanachitira mwina. Andrew amatumiza Mary m'dziko achisangalalo, kumene izo zimapangitsa ntchito njira yatsopano mwakuchita Richard Stilmenom. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, mwana Bolenda kwathunthu akuchira.

mwamuna Insight chimadzaza moyo ndi chimwemwe, Christine. Tsiku lina, kuphimba tebulo chakudya, iye akukumbukira popeza anagula tchizi, komwe kuli ngati Andrew. Kuthamangira ku shopu, inali kuwoloka msewu ndi kwawo, Christine anaphedwa pansi mawilo a basi.

A. Cronin, "Citadel": chidule cha otsiriza

Pambuyo kuzikwirira mkazi wake, pamodzi ndi Philip Manson Danny aganiza zosamukira likulu ku Abbey akumidzi. Pang'onopang'ono atachira imfa, Andrew anali kupita ndalama amakumana ndi mchitidwe London kutsegula chipatala multidisciplinary mu umodzi wa midzi akuzigawo. Chifukwa wabwino, koma Filipo, anagwirizana Dr. PIMU amene Manson anakumana ankatumikira mu Komiti.

Axamwali otanganidwa ndikawapempha yosankha nyumba abwino, koma ndiye Andrew waphunzira kuti anabweretsa mlandu kuthandiza munthu amene alibe ufulu wogwiritsa mankhwala. Izo zinali zokhudza Bambo Stilmene amene, wopanda dokotala digiri, anachiritsa odwala TB Woman. The Mlengi wa Kuthi anali Dr. Ivory, kusunga chakukhosi Manson pamene poyera unfitness wake akatswiri.

Andrew adzayenera kumvera chigamulochi wa bungwe Medical. Ngati choncho sabwerera mu mtima wake, ntchito zachipatala iye akanati nthawizonse yoletsedwa. Zotsatira zabwino za zochitika sakhulupirira loya ngakhale dokotala. Pa mlandu, Angachitsekereze akuyesera kutsimikizira oweruza kuti Manson Komabe, ndipo wachita cholakwa chochititsa wrongful, panalibe mochita kum'bisalira.

Ndiye iye akutenga mawu Andrew. Iye akuchonderera bwalo kulankhula moto, pokumbukira kuti anthuwa ambiri amene adzipangira chopereka kwa sayansi, analibe kuphunzira zachipatala. Manson, kutchula chitsanzo cha Lui Pastera, Vladimir Khavkin, Ilya Mechnikov, adzaitana pa oweruza kukana tsankho ndi kuyang'ana pa madipuloma, ndipo zotsatira weniweni.

Council Medical cholakwika Manson, ndipo iye ndi mabwenzi ake akukonzekera tawuni Stenboro malo kutsegula chipatala chatsopano. Pamaso sitima anachoka ola limene Andrew amathera chete manda pa manda a mkazi wake wokondedwa.