Arles, France: kufotokoza, zokopa

Arles City - mmodzi wa waukulu mu Provence (France). Iwo ali ndi malo a km² 758 mu ankadziwana wa Rhône, kumadzulo kwa Marseille. mzinda amadziwika malo ake akale. Komanso, alendo ambiri apa, zikusonyeza mwayi kuona mzinda umene iye ankakhala ndi ntchito yaikulu Van Gogh.

Mbiri ya mzinda

Kale mtawuni muno mu France wotchedwa mosiyana - Arelate. anthu oyamba anali Ligurians. Patapita nthawi, mzindawo unakhala zamalonda, umene pambuyo pake (123 BC. E.) Aroma analanda. Pambuyo pomanga ngalande, amene zogwirizana mzinda nyanja ya Mediterranean, Arelate anakhala pamalo abwino zofunika Pamudzi, ngakhale kuti anali adakali wolephera Massilia (lero Marseille), yomwe ili m'mphepete mwa nyanja.

Pa nkhondo Kaisara ndi Pompeyi, Caesar anatenga mbali wene, amene pambuyo chigonjetso anapereka Arelate maudindo ambiri. Mu mzinda panali msasa wa dera chimodzi ndi njuchi a anamenyela. M'kupita kwa nthawi, Arles panopa anakhala akufunika a chipembedzo ndi chikhalidwe likulu la Narbonne Gau - Roma. Choncho anayamba Chikristu kufalikira ku Gau.

The IV-V zaka Mfumu Constantine Ine anamumanga kusamba. Posachedwapa iye anabadwa mwana wake - Constantine II. M'zaka za m'ma VI, CE inagonjetsa ndi kuwononga mzinda, ndi 739 mphamvu Arelate ankadutsa Aluya. Ndi 934 wa Arles mu 1032 n'kukhala likulu la Ufumu wa Arles. mzinda anataya ufulu wodzilamulira ndale 1239 ndipo linalanda ku chigawocho Provencal, kutaya phindu doko waukulu Marseille.

Kuyambira 1481 mumzinda ndi gawo la France. Arles chuma analowa kuchepa mu m'ma XV, ndipo anakhala mmodzi wa midzi zigawo za kumwera France. Lero ndi yofunika mafakitale ndi likulu la France. Pali zinthu zochititsa chidwi zambiri, zokopa mbiri ndi kamangidwe kake, ambiri amene ali m'gulu la mndandanda wa cholowa chikhalidwe ndi UNESCO. Kuwerenga, muyenera kupanga ulendo kum'mwera kwa France. Apa ndi pamene mukhoza amasirira zipilala wapadera ndi kusangalala m'mlengalenga mbiri.

Arles, France Zosangalatsa

Kodi chidwi mzinda umenewu? The South la France amakhala ndi chikhalidwe cha malo awa m'tauni chitukuko - momasuka nyumba yaing'ono ndi njerwa zoyera, amene yokutidwa ndi matailosi wofiira, ndi mawindo buluu - kotero tsopano okhala a Arles. Pakati pa nyumba ndi wosweka mtengo-alimbane njira, amene nthawi zonse zabwino kuti asangalale pa mabenchi omasuka.

Ndipo pakati pa mzinda ndi Roma nyumba, ambiri apaulendo n'chimodzimodzi Arles.

Bwalo la maseŵera

Pearl ndi chimodzi chimene chimakopa anthu ambiri kuti mzinda umenewu unali wotchuka mu France, ndi Bwalo la maseŵera Roma. Ofufuzawa amati linamangidwa 46 BC. Kale zinali m'bwalolo imene ndewu gladiator inachitika. The Bwalo la maseŵera moti ankatha pafupifupi 25,000. Apa izo anajambula lodziwika bwino Hollywood filimu "Gladiator".

Mu VI m'ma AD, Bwalo la maseŵera la anatembenuzidwa - izo anasanduka mpanda wina. ndi arches onse ndi passageways anaikidwa pamwamba anali overbuilt nsanja. Mkati linga pali matchalitchi awiri ndi nyumba 200. M'bwalolo ndicho m'dera lapakati.

Ndipo kokha m'zaka za m'ma XIX anayamba kubwezeretsa maonekedwe choyambirira cha nyumba yakale. Lero ndi chizindikiro cha mzinda, mmodzi wa otchuka kwambiri ndipo anapita zipilala zake. Apa kuika nyimbo za zisudzo akamaionetsa koyamba ndi kumulondolera kawiri pa chaka bullfighting.

tchalitchi

Ngati inu kuchitika kukaona kum'mwera kwa France, mwina inu kudabwa nambala yaikulu akachisi ndi mipingo m'dera laling'ono. kukopa wina wa mzinda, amene nthawi zonse anachezeredwa ndi alendo ndi Cathedral wa St. Trofim.

Iwo lili mkatikati mwa mzindawo, pafupi ndi nyumba Roma. Cathedral mu Arles (France), anamanga pa malo pamene panali kukhala dongosolo zambiri wakale - St. Stefano Cathedral (V m'ma BC ..). Mu masiku oyambirira amenewo a Chikhristu ku Europe anali akadali yoletsedwa, ndi Trofim woyera anali woyamba wa kulimbikitsa yake, pakuti bishopu, ndipo anataya moyo wake - Trofim mwankhanza miyala.

Wansembe, ophedwa, canonized. zotsalira wake anatitumiza kwa mpingo mu 1152, ndipo nthawi yomweyo tchalitchi anadzatchedwa. Kuchokera mu 1981, pa tchalitchi mu Arles, analowa UNESCO World Heritage List. Kuukitsidwa kwa Khristu, Chipangano Chakale ndi mbiri ya moyo padziko lapansi woyera Trofimo ndi Stephen anali nkhani yaikulu ya agulupa ya kulembetsa.

necropolis

Alyscamps - yakale yoyendera Roma necropolis, kumene anamuika m'manda nzika mfulu. Komanso anapeza mpumulo wake malo komaliza, ndi Trofim woyera. Mu Middle Ages nzika olemera a Arles mukufuna Alyscamps inasanduka mpumulo komaliza malo.

Pang'onopang'ono kukuza mzinda wa Arles, mu XI-XIII atumwi, chiwerengero cha anthu ake achuluka kwambiri. Pa manda akale ali mipingo ingapo zazing'ono, zomwe mabwinja yekha zimasungika lero. Pofika m'zaka za m'ma XVIII Alyscamps inasanduka mpweya owonetsera zakale ndi otsegulidwa. Koma mu 1848 ndi mbali ya njanji adayikapo, lomwe linaphwanya kukhulupirika kwa gulu loyimba lapansi.

Chifukwa chakuti pa nthawi mzindawo France ali kwambiri kukodzedwa malire ake, ndi necropolis anali mmodzi wa m'madera a pakati pa mzinda. Lero, m'nyumbayi zovuta ndi Alley, amene anakonza pa mbali zonse za sarcophagi ambiri. Imbaendesa munthu ku mpingo wa St. Honoratus. Malowa ouziridwa pa ntchito Gauguin ndi Van Gogh, amene utoto iye pa nsalu zokha ayi wake.

zisudzo Roma

Nyumba yakale ya mzinda wa Arles (France). zisudzo Roma anamangidwa mu ulamuliro wa Mfumu Augustus. Iye anali ndi 33 gawo makhalidwe, akhoza kumakhalamo za 8000 masewera. Mu Middle Ages, bwaloli inasanduka miyala ndi: mwala, amene anabweretsa ku Roma Theatre, linga la mzinda anamanga. Kuchokera kumbuyo khoma zochitika ndi mizati ochepa zinasungidwa lero.

Ambiri a zinthu zakale anapeza mwa archeologists mu zisudzo lero Tingaone mu mzinda Art Museum ndi Louvre. Chithunzi cha Venus wa Arles, komanso chosema wa Atemi amene anatulukira mu 1651, amaonedwa amapeza kwambiri.

malo osambira

Uku inu ndithu analimbikitsa kukaona m'tauni, ngati inu kufika mu Arles. France pa m'gawo lake lili nyumba zingapo ofanana, koma zovuta, malinga ndi akatswiri, ndi bwino anasunga zonse. Matenthedwe osambirapo, wodziwika ndi dzina la Mfumu Constantine, anamangidwa ku dera la kumpoto kwa mzinda. Masiku athu a zovuta kamodzi lalikulu la nyumba ooneka ngati nyumba zazikulu, pang'ono anapulumutsidwa.

Abbey Monmazhur

Omangawo chimamangidwa ili 5 Km from m'tauni ya Arles (France), yomwe ili pa phiri la miyala. Kunja Abbey Monmazhur akufanana linga. Iwo anamangidwira mu X zaka ankaona ku Ulaya (Middle Ages), m'modzi mwa ambiri kukaona malo Haji. Onse a amonke m'chigawo linakhazikitsidwa ndi anthu a Chimonko amene anabwera kuchokera Abbey Monmazhur.

Kale, m'chigwa, mapiri ozungulira, wakhala madzi, koma chatsanulidwa pamaso yomanga obisika a. Pa chiyambi cha XVIII atumwi Abbey Baroque zinamangidwa monga nyumba zomangidwa m'zaka za m'ma XII, izo sanali kumusamalira. Mu 1786 ndi abbot Rohan mlandu mu "mkanda" ndi Abbey ku chinatsekedwa kwambiri pa chuma mpingo uziyenda ndi akuluakulu a mumzindawo ndi anagulitsa.

zakale

Mu mzinda uwu French ali malo ambiri ochititsa chidwi. Musaganize kuti yekha wakale nyumba Roma mungadabwe Arles (France). Kuona mu mzinda, kuwonjezera pa zipilala zimenezi? Mpofunika kukaona m'nyumbayi Arlatan, anakhazikitsidwa mu 1896 ndi Nobel wolemba Frederic Mistral. A chipilala kuti iye anamangidwira m'dera Forum.

M'nyumbayi ali ndi chopereka chabwino mapepala, zojambula, zovala ndi zinthu zina kwa anthu a Provence. Apa ndi zamoyo wa zovala Arles anthu a magulu onse chikhalidwe, m'zaka za m'ma XVIII ku First World nkhondo.

Museum Réattu

Mu Arles Réattu Onetsetsani kukaona zakale, limene lili mu obisika kwabasi za m'ma XV, kutsogolo liwu la Constantine. Ambiri chionetserocho ndi okhwima zojambulajambula XVIII zaka.

Makamaka otchuka pakati alendo a nyumbayi amakonda chosema "Mkazi ndi zeze" ndi Picasso, komanso 57 zithunzi chake chichitike mu pensulo akuda ndi inki. Pakati pa Nthabwala ndi anthu bifurcated mukhoza kuona zodabwitsa mu kuphweka ake ndi m'maganizo a chithunzi cha mayi wake. Pakuti owonetsera zakale Réattu akutambasula pamodzi angapo nyali promenade. Amakondedwa kwambiri kuyenda galimoto Gogh.

Ambiri mwa padoko ndi Kwapamwamba ake ndi mipiringidzo panthawi ya nkhondo (1942) anawonongedwa. Airstrikes wolakwiridwayo Nazi Germany ndipo anakhala "Yellow House", lili pa Square Lamartine, imene Van Gogh anakhala kwa nthawi yaitali.

Park wa Camargue

Nature okonda amakhala kukongola kwa Park National wa Camargue. Pano mukhoza penyani momwe mu pompo-pompo khalidwe wachisomo pinki mphama, abakha zakutchire, Camargue akavalo osowa zimasokoneza.

Izi paki chifuniro chithumwa ndi zomera zosangalala zosiyanasiyana. Inu mokondwera miyendo pa njira zake pamthunzi ndi kupuma krustalo mpweya.