Barbiturates: A mndandanda wa mankhwala, utsogoleli ndi opareshoni

Patapita zaka mazana mankhwala odziwika mankhwala monga barbiturates. List of kukonzekera munali zinthu izi, ali kwambiri anakana zisakuyenda chifukwa zinaonekeratu kuti iwo ndi zotsatira kwambiri osokoneza ndi aakulu mbali. Koma ngakhale izi, komabe mankhwala ntchito mankhwala Komabe, msika ufulu sangathe kuwapeza. Chifukwa chake n'chakuti pakati pa zana la 20 panali kwambiri amafa chifukwa poyizoni ndi barbiturates. Choncho, anthu amene ali dokotala n'kukulemberani kuchitira mankhwala ayenera kudziwa zimene mankhwalawo angathe kuyambitsa. Komanso, pali zambiri zamakono, ogwira ndi otetezeka mankhwala.

ndi barbiturates Kodi

mankhwala anaonekera mu m'ma 20. German wasayansi Bayer anatsegula pophika wapadera - asidi barbituric. Kale mu 1903 kuti anaikidwa pa msika mankhwala oyamba "Barbital" ndi ambiri pansi pa dzina "veronal". Mwa mwezi wa atumwi, zikanadziwika zopangidwa zoposa zikwi ziwiri, ndipo amatchedwa "barbiturates". ntchito yawo mankhwala anali lonse: osowa tulo yosavuta mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi. Ambiri agwiritsira mankhwala maganizo, matenda kugona, kapena kungoti kumasuka. Ena akhala amadalira barbiturates, nthawi zambiri itha imfa. Choncho, zaka 70 mankhwala zathaŵa zogulitsa ufulu. Ndipo tsopano, kokha mu nthawi zina, ena barbiturates ntchito.

mndandanda wa mankhwala

Tsopano Kumanzere nkomwe kuposa khumi ndi awiri a mankhwala. Pali magulu angapo a barbiturates. Anakambirana nthawi zawo. Tingaone barbiturates amenewa:

- yaitali wotenga "Barbital", "Phenobarbital" (lotchedwa "Luminal"), "Sodium barbiturate", "Butizol" ndi ena;

- pafupifupi nthawi "cyclobarbital," "barbamyl", "Alyurat", "butabarbital," "Talbutal" ndi ena;

- yochepa (maola 6) kanthu "hexobarbital", "Pentothal", "Tiamilal", "Brevital" ndi mankhwala ena. Iwo amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga jekeseni mtsempha, monga kale wayamba kuchita mphindi zochepa pambuyo utsogoleli.

Zimene ndi barbiturates

asidi Barbituric wakhala ntchito mankhwala, monga kunapezeka, sukhala chapakati mantha dongosolo, izo midadada mgwirizano pakati pa maselo mitsempha. Choncho, onse mankhwala yolimba ululu, anticonvulsant, sedative ndi zachinyengo kwenikweni. Ngati inu kutenga barbiturates pamaso mankhwala, iwo udzawonjezera zotsatira zake. Tsopano iwo opotoka mankhwala, popeza ntchito osati depresses wamanjenje dongosolo, koma kwambiri kuwasiya. Barbiturates angayerekezedwe ndi mowa. Zimabweretsa boma lomwelo la euphoria ndi chisangalalo, nthawi zambiri aukali, ndiye wamphamvu katundu tulo, pambuyo amene munthu amamva maganizo, ndipo amafuna kutenga mankhwala kachiwiri. Anthu amene amagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala, barbiturates, zindikirani kuti anamva omasuka ndi bata, kuchuluka azidzidalira asamangochita zimene akufuna. Ndi chifukwa cha zotsatira, ambiri amadalira mankhwala. Phunzirani zotheka kwa kusanthula: barbiturates wapezeka mu mkodzo. The zifukwa ndi asidi barbituric lachokera poyambilira kudzera impso.

Monga barbiturates ntchito

Iwo kalekale zatsimikiziridwa kuti mankhwala chifukwa kwambiri kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, nthawi zambiri mu imfa. Koma nthawi zina, wodwala yekha kuthandiza barbiturates. Mndandanda wa mankhwala ntchito mankhwala lero, anafika, koma zilipo yekha ndi mankhwala. Akutumikira pokha pokha kwambiri:

- nkhawa chaukali;

- lalikulu matenda a ubongo;

- ndi omangana ndi khunyu;

- kukonzekera mtima kwa mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi pa ntchito;

- zinachitikira tulo, pamene palibe njira zina thandizo.

Zimagwiritsa ntchito barbiturates khunyu. Koma anthu ena achikulire limodzi ntchito iwo ndi kudzilimbitsa. Mabungwe zachipatala barbiturates ntchito mu mawonekedwe a jekeseni mtsempha kapena mu mnofu, ndi chifukwa odwala mankhwala akhoza kutumikiridwa mapiritsi, makapisozi kapena suppositories. Mankhwala ena ndi mbali ya mankhwala ena. Mwachitsanzo, phenobarbital ndi maziko a "korvalola". A amphamvu ogonetsa "Penobarbital" ntchito chilango cha kuphedwa ndi kumaliza mu mankhwala Chowona Zanyama.

Kodi chifukwa mavuto

Tsopano zimagwiritsa ntchito mabungwe zachipatala barbiturates. Mndandanda wa mankhwala ovomerezeka ntchito, kokhaku mu luso. N'zosavuta poizoni mankhwala kapena kuwatengera iwo mu chidakwa. Ngati munthu amagwiritsa ntchito barbiturates, angapezeke pa malo amenewa:

- tulo, chisokonezo, kawirikawiri kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo;

- vutoli ndi magulu amavutitsa;

- slurred kulankhula, chibwibwi;

- adatchithisira chitetezo chokwanira;

- totupa ndi matenda purulent khungu;

- matenda kagayidwe kachakudya ndi liwiro zochita za dongosolo m'mimba;

- maganizo, chododometsa, koma nthawi zina ndewu;

- chisokonezeko cha chikumbumtima ndipo makutu ndende.

Kudalira barbiturates

Anthu amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kudzilimbitsa kapena kulimbana ndi tulo, ndipo nthawizina simukuzindikira chomwe iwo ali zinadzala ndi ngozi. Pakuti tsopano, Mankhwala ndime ukugwira bongo ndi barbiturates. Kudalira amasonyeza kufunika zonse kumwa kukonzekera, akawawonjezere mlingo awo. Mpatuko pambuyo miyezi itatu chikuonetseratu zonse. Kudalira kumabweretsa irritability, palibe kupanda tsankho, utachepa ndende ndi kukumbukira. Pangakhale zosiyanasiyana matenda a ubongo: slurred kulankhula, kunjenjemera miyendo, khunyu. Pambuyo tulo lolemera chifukwa cha barbiturates, munthu akuona kufooka zonse. Iye adatchithisira zoipazi zili mumtima mutu kwambiri ndi nseru, kuti tichotse izo, kutenga mlingo watsopano. Choncho iye amakhala yozungulira.

N'chifukwa chiyani anthu kutenga mankhwala

Mawonekedwe wakhala wotchuka kwambiri barbiturates. Mndandanda wa mankhwala ndi pakati pa 20th Century awiri ndi theka maudindo zikwi. Adalandiridwa ndi anthu amene kukhadzikika ndi kusiya mavuto amene ankaona mavuto zonse ndi vuto tulo. Kamodzi zinaonekeratu kuti zochita za barbiturates ndi ofanana ndi mankhwala, ntchito zawo kwambiri yafupika. Koma tsopano ambiri a iwo kugwera mu chidakwa. Iwo ankakhulupirira kuti nthawi zambiri anthu amene amadana okha, anataya chidwi mu moyo ndi kufunika kwa kulankhulana. Ndipo, ngakhale kuti barbiturates chifukwa kuyiwala, kugona ndi kupanda maganizo lolemera, amakhalabe otchuka. Nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha ichi, anthu amavomereza mankhwala. Komanso, pansi zochita za munthu ikutha kupwetekedwa, kuona mtima ndi pansi.

poyizoni ndi barbiturates

Kuopsa kwa mankhwala maganizo kuwulondola mankhwala ambiri osokoneza. Zimenezi zimabweretsa chakuti munthu tulo ndipo sangathe kudzuka, chifukwa kupuma pang'onopang'ono kubweza ndi munthu amafa. Ngati barbiturates magazi ndi ambiri, ndipo zimenezi zingachitikire ndi pamene mukumwa mlingo mwachizolowezi, koma mu nkhani ya kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yaitali mankhwala, pali poizoni. Anzanu anthu amachepetsa yokhudza ufiti, nkhope yake kutembenukira buluu ndi kupuma lake pafupipafupi ndi osaya. Imfa zambiri amapezeka ku ziwalo za dongosolo kupuma.

Kucotsa mankhwala

Tayani kudalira barbiturate zovuta. Achire zizindikiro ndi zambiri wamphamvu kuposa pamene mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Patapita masiku angapo pambuyo inu kusiya kumwa mankhwala munthu akuona nkhawa, nseru, zimawawa tulo ndi khunyu. Angagwe khunyu, bronchospasm, kapena chikomokere. Izi kawirikawiri zimabweretsa imfa. Ndipo anati matenda amaganizo: munthu sangathe kulingalira bwino, pali amafuna kudzipha. Choncho, ubwenzi woterewu amaliona yekha pamalowo dokotala kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala.

Kodi m'malo barbiturates

Posachedwapa kawirikawiri ntchito mankhwala. M'mayiko ambiri, ambiri, analetsa barbiturates. Zimene mankhwala ntchito, sadziwa chilichonse, kotero muyenera powerenga malangizo zikuchokera. Tsopano ntchito kuchotsa tulo, kupanikizika ndi mankhwala bwino kuti kawirikawiri kwambiri chifukwa zizolowezi. Nthawi zambiri ndi "Lorazepam", "ntchito diazepam", "Librium" ndi ena. ngakhale kudzanso "New Pass", "Glycine", "madontho Zelenin" ndi mankhwala ena mwanjira. Mophunzitsa wothandizila mankhwala kungakhale teas azitsamba kapena timbewu tonunkhira, motherwort, aromatherapy, kutema mphini ndi kusintha moyo.