Brodskiy Isaak Izrailevich: yonena ndi chithunzi zojambula

Luso Soviet wa makumi munali Pachiwawa m'njira zosiyana anabadwa kufufuza luso la kumayambiriro kwa zaka za. Kuti timvetse nyota zokongoletsa za mumaganiza osiyana zithunzi wanzeru Bolsheviks analibe nthawi, anayenera kusankha njira imodzi, ndi bwino kuti muchotse misa, kutali ndi luso labwino la mtsutso. Kutchula njira anali ndi luso mwini Kuzindikira - Brodsky. Isaak Izrailevich anakhala "khoti" chithunzicho, imene boma Soviet zofunika zosachepera iliyonse ya mafumu omaliza.

kukhumudwa wamanga

Ngati makolo ake pang'ono kuona mwa chotchinga cha m'tsogolo, iwo sindinena Isaac pang'ono, kuti ntchito ya wojambula - njira kwambiri wosadalirika kuti akalandire moyo wofewa. Amakonda tsogolo wamanga Brodsky maina. Isaak Izrailevich, amene banja lake anakhala yotuwa ya m'dera la chigawo Tauride, wapita, zosatheka nyengo ina. Taganizirani zimene mwana wawo adzakhala ndi nyumba yaikulu pakati pa likulu Russian, likhale chopereka wachuma wa zosemasema ndi kukhala mmisiri olamulira lenileni la dziko lalikulu, amalonda m'malo osauka Ayuda ku mudzi waung'ono pafupi Berdyansk Sophievka basi sanakhoze.

Anabadwa mu 1883, mutu tsogolo la Academy of Tirhana poyamba ankafuna kukhala woimba. Koma ndiye iye ankakonda redraw chifaniziro cha kalendala mpingo. Kunapezeka zikuoneka, ndipo iye ankafuna kuphunzira kujambula kwa ojambula zithunzi weniweni. Yapafupi bungwe ofanana anali Odessa zojambula sukulu, ndipo posakhalitsa anakhala Art School pa Academy of Wabwino Tirhana. wophunzira ake ndipo anakhala mu 1896 Brodsky. Isaak Izrailevich sanamvere malangizo kwa makolo kuphunzira zomangamanga zambiri wangwiro ndipo ndinalembetsa dipatimenti kupenta.

mwana Repin

Luso pamtima anthu zimene zimakhudza tsogolo lanu, mothandizidwa ndi ntchito molimbika ndi luso wosatsutsika nthawi zonse kwathandiza Brodsky mu moyo. Komanso zinamupatsa mu 1903 kukhala wophunzira wa Repin kwambiri, Isaac anagwidwa njira yoyamba mu Academy wa St. Petersburg patapita mapeto wanzeru wa sukulu Odessa. Repin unali yodzaza, koma Brodsky anakwanitsa kufika ku mayeso pakhomo amakoka Pazionetserozo, amene anachita mwini. Iye anapita ku malo chitsanzo chinaoneka njira yovuta kwambiri, koma iye anali wokhoza kuthana ndi ntchito imeneyi. Mwa anthu amene ankagwira ntchito kwambiri waife Iloy Efimovichem, analinso Brodsky. Isaak Izrailevich kwa zaka zisanu wakhala mmodzi wa ophunzira ndiwotani wa Russian zojambulajambula bwino.

Kuwonjezera katswiri njira ndi lakuthwa taonani, chithunzicho wamng'ono anatengera ku Repin mzimu wake zoipa zosiyanasiyana "antics" mu kupenta, ndi kupatuka aliyense kuchokera chinyezimiro yokhudza chikhalidwe. Mosiyana ndi ophunzira ena Repin, imagwera mchikakamizo yaikulu mphunzitsi ndipo wayamba mwachimbulimbuli kutengera kalembedwe mbuye wake, Brodsky anayamba kalembedwe yake, imene inkatchedwa "Openwork" ndiponso amene anakhala chitsanzo chabwino. Repin kumbuyo mwana wake, pamene Brodsky anali pafupi achotsedwa Academy of caricatures a boma pa nthawi ya changu ambiri ophunzira ndale.

Ulendo kwa Europe

Akamaliza maphunziro pa Academy omaliza maphunziro bwino - golide Mendulo - kupatsidwa ufulu kupitiriza maphunziro awo kunja. Apamwamba komaliza mphoto ndi mwayi kulipira ulendo ku Ulaya ndipo amalandira Brodsky. Isaak Izrailevich mwaphindu kuthera nthawi kuphunzira katswiri zakale ndiponso kuphunzira za mumaganiza latsopano kupenta. Amaigwira mwakhama ndipo anapereka, mumapezera mbiri ya ambuye anakhazikitsa. Potsatira zotsatira za ulendo, pambuyo pa kukambirana ntchito zake, Academy anaganiza kutalikitsa ulendo wake miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.

Pa kufufuza minibasi kwa mitundu yatsopano ndi malangizo luso sunapewe mphamvu ya chithunzi chatsopano European ndi Brodsky. Isaak Izrailevich, amene yonena njira olimbikira realist, ntchito zojambula wake amajambulapo maluwa okongola a Art Nouveau ndi ophiphiritsa. Koma, kutsatira malangizo a mphunzitsi wake, ndi kukumbukira mawu wa "antics" Repin, iye walandira lankhanza phwando garde zilandiridwenso. Pambuyo kuyendera zokambirana Picasso, Braque, Matisse Brodsky nthawi amakhala othandiza kwa makolo kupenta m'chombocho.

Master kupenta okonzera

Mwa mbiri yakale luso ndi chikhulupiriro kuti ngati mu Russia mu chaka cha 1917 sizinachitike kusintha a dongosolo ndale komanso, Brodsky akanati msanga anafika zokhudzana ndi kakhalidwe ka moyo wa nyenyezi zimenezi okonzera kapena mu njira zamakono, "kukongola" wa kupenta monga Konstantin Makovsky ndi Henry Semiradsky. Iye anali kwambiri kuchita: ". Kukhala njira yamakono" mphamvu ndiponso khama, virtuosity ndi luso akaonekere kwa anthu a anthu mkulu, luso la kulankhula pano,

Sizikudziwika mmene moona mtima analandira kugwa autocracy ndi chigonjetso wotsatira wa mphamvu Soviet chithunzicho Brodsky. Isaak Izrailevich sakanalephera akhala mmisiri bwino penapake Paris kapena New York. Koma amakhalabe, mosiyana ndi luntha ambiri mu Russia ndipo kudutsa nazo, chipwirikiti padziko lonse, sangathe Komabe, nthawi zonse kukhala mu malo oyenera, za anthu, kukhala mutu wa dziko lalikulu.

Dzulo - Kerensky, tsopano - Lenin

Mu Russia, apo pakubwera nthawi imene ndi kudzikondweretsa mitunda mtendere ndi zithunzi mochenjera akazi akhala sikuthandiza, ndi Brodsky anapita ku malo mbiri anapangidwa kugwila amene anatsogolera uja. Pambuyo pa February utasintha nthawi zonse anamasulidwa ku ukapolo wa ufumu Russian mwapang'onopang'ono anthu anaberekera manja a nduna yaikulu ya Provisional Boma la Kerensky, ndi chithunzicho akupereka chithunzi chake. Zikuoneka loya wakale ngwazi weniweni, kukonzanso dziko ulemerero watsopano. Komabe, wojambula atamaliza chithunzi pambuyo kufika kwa anthu ena.

Brodsky ndi oyamba amalenga fano kwabasi la Lenin ndi anzake, ndi chifaniziro cha Bolshevik yaitali kukhala mutu n'kofunika kuti iye. Ndiye iye ndi chidwi padziko lonse nyimbo Mipikisano chithunzi: "Lenin ndi kuonetsedwa" ndipo makamaka - "ankakhazikitsa II Congress wa Comintern." Mu chinsalu aakuluwa limasonyeza mazana angapo za anthu amene chithunzi zina zachidule zidalengedwa. Brodsky anasonyeza kwambiri bwino ntchito, mu nyimbo ndi nyengo acimuuza kuti moyo wake wa m'tsogolo.

Wojambula, mphunzitsi, wokhometsa

Zifukwa zitatu anatsimikiza moyo, umene kuyambira chiyambi cha 20s Iye anakwaniritsa Brodsky. Isaak Izrailevich, zojambulajambula №1 maulamuliro boma ntchito kulenga iconography wathunthu atsogoleri Soviet, ndi kugawanika wopandamalire zake makamaka - Lenin ndi Stalin. Kutumikira monga Chief lamulo la boma, anasolola gulu lonse lankhondo la antchito ndi zambiri, monga mutu wa amisiri akale shopu, umangobweretsa ku zithunzi za Kusintha yaing'ono amasiyiratu siginecha yake.

Chinthu chachiwiri chofunika kwambiri ndi kutsitsimutsa dongosolo maphunziro a maphunziro luso. Pamene anakhala mkulu wa Russian Academy of Tirhana, zinali bwinja pambuyo ntchito osatukuka a zipolowe za anthu amene mosaganizira anakana zotsatira za m'mbuyomu ndi kuwononga mzimu wa izo, ndi nkhani maziko kopivshiysya zaka zambiri. Brodsky phindu mu chitsitsimutso la kachisi wa luso zovuta kukana.

Wachitatu zikuluzikulu za moyo wake - kusonkhanitsa - anali kumulakalaka weniweni. Pakati connoisseurs wa kupenta Russian pa nthawi imeneyo panalibe Katswiri kuposa Brodsky. Isaak Izrailevich, chithunzi chachikulu nyumba Interiors amene amasonyeza makoma anapachika ndi zojambula kuchokera pansi denga, anapanga zosonkhanitsira, wachiwiri voliyumu ndi phindu pambuyo Russian Museum. mavuto amene izo limayenda, sikukudziŵika, koma mfundo za chifuniro cha boma ake Brodsky wotchedwa analimbikitsa chifukwa cha chipani ndi KGB kuthamanga.

Aliyense ali njira yake

Akuti, pamene Brodsky anandiitanira zapamwamba chakudya Pavel Filonov, mosatsata ntchito, mphalapala kuzunzidwa kudzudzula ndi ulamuliro, osauka ndi njala, iye sanayese n'komwe kupita - mantha kusokoneza mbiri. Iye anakhala chopinga mbiri "wofiira njonda", amene ankakhala mu ubale maulamuliro pa mfundo ya "Kodi mukufuna?" Amene anali pakati Brodsky ojambula zithunzi.

Ntchito limodzi, wakuda kapena woyera, utoto kufotokoza njira ya moyo wa munthu aliyense - zikutanthauza kuti izo lathyathyathya ndi mosapita m'mbali. Isaak Brodsky sanayenere ichi, chifukwa luntha lawo zoonekeratu, ntchito mwakhama ndi mphamvu.