Buku Sigmund Freud ndi "Psychopathology wa Tsiku ndi Tsiku Moyo": kufotokoza, mbali ndi ndemanga

Dzina la mmodzi wa psychoanalysts aakulu ndi azamisala wa 19 mochedwa - m'ma 20, Sigmund Freud, aliyense amadziwa kapena wamva.

Sigmund Freud ndi anathandiza kuti maganizo dziko

Austria wobadwa wasayansi wapanga chopereka kwambiri osati kuti chitukuko cha maganizo, koma andithandiza pa zinthu zina zokhudza moyo m'zaka za m'ma 20, ndicho mankhwala, Chaanthu, mabuku ndi luso.

maganizo Freud za umunthu anali nzeru kwa nthawi, nathamanga kumatsutsana mfundo anakhazikitsa. Choncho kuika patsogolo ndi chiphunzitso Sigmund Freud anathandiza ndi kumveka bwino kwambiri pakati pa akatswiri, munthu adawatenga, munthu adakana, koma osayanjanitsika kuwachitira kunali kosatheka. ntchito Freud adakali otchuka.

wasayansi ndi wodziwika monga woyambitsa wa psychoanalysis. Iye anayambitsa chinthu monga zitatu zikuluzikulu Kapangidwe ka psyche, ndi chomwe "Iwo", "Ine", "wapamwamba-wokonda". Komanso, mwa kupambana kwa wazamisala:

• kupeza nthawi yapadera psychosexual chitukuko munthu;
• chilengedwe cha chiphunzitso cha "Oedipus zovuta";
• masankhidwe a asilikali oteteza psyche;
• chitukuko cha njira ya kutanthauzira maloto.

Pa ntchito yake akatswiri Freud mabuku angapo ntchito, zomwe okwana zikuphatikizapo 24 mabuku. Panopa pulofesa dokotala wa mankhwala ndi mwini wa Goethe Prize kutulutsa mabuku oposa zamaganizo ina, komanso filimu.

Zaka zoyambirira za Sigmund Freud

Sigmund Freud anabadwa May 6, 1856 mu mzinda wa Freiberg. Kenako, mu msewu pamene Banja moyo, nayamba kunyamula dzina la sayansi ndi. Apa ndipo anadutsa zaka zitatu a Sigmund. Mu 1859, chifukwa cha mafakitale, banjali linali pafupi bankirapuse, komanso ambiri mwa anthu okhala mumzindawo.

Chet Freuds anasamukira ku Leipzig ndi ndiye kuti Vienna. Patapita zaka zingapo bambo umphawi Freud Yakobo adapitiriza ntchito yake, ndipo banja anali kupita ku dera zambiri lachitukuko, ngakhale moyo wawo wapamwamba dzina sanali.

Maphunziro a zounikira mtsogolo wa zamaganizo poyamba chinkhoswe mu mayi, ndipo kenako atate wake, amene ankafunitsitsa Sigmund maphunziro. mofulumira kwambiri, makolo anaona lingathe lalikulu la Sigmund ndipo anayesa konzekera ndi kulimbikitsa kumulakalaka kuphunzira.

Maphunziro kusukulu

Pa zaka 9, Sigmund Freud amapita kusukulu ndipo posakhalitsa anakhala wophunzira woyamba m'kalasimo. Banja ndi zinthu zapadera analenga iye. The zina ana asanu ankaletsedwanso kusewera zida kapena m'bale kwambiri zododometsa ku sukulu, mosiyana ndi acibanja anali chipinda zawo.

Mu zaka 17, Freud bwinobwino maphunziro a sekondale. Atamaliza maphunziro, anayamba kugwira ntchito ndi mphamvu ya mankhwala, ngakhale kuti ankachita chidwi akatswiri ndi dokotala woona konse otchedwa.

Kusankha ntchito

Maphunzilo ku University of Vienna, makamaka m'chaka choyamba, zinali zovuta kwambiri kwa Sigmund, anapatsidwa maganizo odana ndi Ayuda. ankayambananso kawirikawiri ndi m'kalasi mtima khalidwe lake ndi kukhala chofunika kuti "chiweruzo palokha".

Tsogolo pulofesa anali ndi chidwi zinyama ndi motsogozedwa ndi mphunzitsi wake wokondedwa Karl Klaus analemba nkhani yoyamba kofalitsidwa ndi Academy of Sciences.

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, maphunziro, Freud anakhala nthawi wake mu chidziwitso cha Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa ndi kulemba zokhudza sayansi. Mu 1881, Sigmund Atamaliza maphunziro ake ndipo analandira digiri wake.

Ukwati adzaimira kuti Martha Bernays adamfunsa ku ntchito Sigmund Freud a. Kuyamba bizinesi ndi chondichitikira chaching'ono, choncho anaganiza kuchita mu Vienna City Hospital. Iye anasankha dera neuroscience, ntchito ndi kudwala ana. Kuti iye ndiye chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mawu akuti "oziziritsa ziwalo" masiku ano. Ngakhale bwino ndiponso achita mu munda, Freud mwamsanga anakhumudwa nazo ntchito yake ndi chidwi.

Kumayambiriro ntchito zamaganizo

Mu 1883, iye anapita ku ntchito kuchipatala cha anthu amisala, pamene anayamba ntchito yake meteoric. у детей и афазии. Iye adatengedwa ntchito atsopano kotheratu analemba nkhani zingapo za sayansi, mfundo yaikulu imene anali hemiplegia oziziritsa ndi aphasia ana. Komabe, posakhalitsa Freud anakhala kusakhutira amphamvu kwambiri pa zinthu zomwe takwaniritsa awo akatswiri ndi maganizo.

Kuyambira 1884 mpaka 1887 Zigmund Freyd analemba mabuku angapo za Phindu la bongo pa thupi, ndipo mwachangu kugawira kwa anzanu onse ndi mkwatibwi pa nthawi yomweyo mavuto awo ndi vuto. Mu 1887, zotsatira zimawononga cocaine wakhala timachita anazindikira, ndipo mbali imeneyi yonena za zamaganizo akuyesetsa kuti tife.

kukonza "Psychopathology wa Tsiku ndi Tsiku Moyo"

Mu 1901 anafalitsa ntchito Sigmund Freud amatchedwa "Psychopathology wa Tsiku ndi Tsiku Moyo. '' Buku lili mmodzi wa kafukufuku zenizeni za psychoanalyst Austria. Buku ndi pang'ono poyerekeza ndi maphunziro ena a Freud Komabe, izo zakhala tingachipeze powerenga za zana la 20.

Kwa nthawi yaitali ntchito ndi odwala amene osiyanasiyana kuvutika khalidwe, nthenda ndi pathologies mu chitukuko, wolemba abwera pomvetsetsa kuti adzawulule kwambiri mavuto a m'maganizo, zina, akusonyeza pamaso pa psychoneurosis. Kuti ganizo m'buku likutsimikizira Sigmund Freud.

"Psychopathology wa Tsiku ndi Tsiku Moyo" Khadili zitsanzo zambiri zolakwika chotero.

Tikhoza kunena kuti pambuyo amasulidwe "kumasulira maloto Amtundu", "Psychopathology wa Tsiku ndi Tsiku Moyo" anakhala wachiwiri zofunika kwambiri sayansi ntchito wazamisala. Buku substantiates chitsanzo topological wa psyche, ndi kuzunza - chikumbumtima - chikomokere, ndi zitsanzo zonse za kuwonekera kwa chikomokere mu moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku.

buku lakuti "The Psychopathology wa Tsiku ndi Tsiku Moyo" limasonyeza kuti zosiyanasiyana lokhudza kulankhula, chibwibwi, zosungitsa, chisokonezo mawu si mwachisawawa, koma zimachitika chifukwa cha yimitsira maganizo kuti munthu akuyesera adzawathamangitsa.

Mitu yoyambirira ya bukhu

wolemba sapereka zitsanzo m'miyoyo ya odwala awo, ndipo amatanthauza kukumbukira awo, komanso mabwenzi ndi achibale amene ali ndi milandu ofanana awo anali zambiri.

Ndemanga pa nkhaniyi zatenga mitu yoyamba anayi m'buku lakuti 'The Psychopathology wa Tsiku ndi Tsiku Moyo' '. The limodzi, pachikuto cha dziko anaona mu 1904. ntchito Freud anathandiza ndi kumveka bwino kwambiri mu asayansi ndi mwa nzika wamba. Ntchito wakhala mmodzi wa anthu otchuka pakati pa misa ndipo Chilimbikitsidwabe yonena za yasayansi.

Kenako lofalitsidwa ntchito zambiri pa mozama Kupenda buku kale otchuka "The Psychopathology wa Tsiku ndi Tsiku Moyo" (Freud). Kufotokozera ndi kusanthula za kafukufuku wawo amakopeka ndi chidwi asayansi ena izi ndi ofanana mbali.

Kodi anakomoka ndi nkhani za m'bukuli

Buku Freud ndi "Psychopathology wa Tsiku ndi Tsiku Moyo" zikutsimikizira kuti chikumbumtima ndi mbali yofunika ya milingo zozama za ntchito maganizo. Analysis wa neuroses ana, amene nthawi kukumana ophunzitsa mawunikidwe pa galimoto, ndi mfundo za lamulo la moyo wa ntchito maganizo Zolakwika kukumbukira ndi chidwi ndithu kwa kukula kwa mutu umenewu m'tsogolo.

Kodi wakomoka? Kuti timvetse zimenezi, tizikumbukira anthu amene amakhulupirira matsenga, mitundu yonse ya miyambo lachinsinsi kukwaniritsa chimene mukufuna. Psychoanalysts mukukhulupirira mawonetseredwe lonse mosadziŵa. nkhani imeneyi bwino anatsindika ntchito kuti Freud analemba Z.

"Psychopathology wa Tsiku ndi Tsiku Moyo" Imafotokoza nkhani monga:

• vuto ndi kukumbukira mayina awo ndi maina a okondedwa;
• vuto ndi kasungidwe mawu achilendo;
• kuloweza mawu wamba;
• chokumbukira ubwana;
• otetezedwa;
• zolakwa kuwerenga ndi kulemba;
• ndikuiwala ntchito zomwe munakonza, zidindo odziwa ndi zolinga;
• Machitidwe wachita '' kulakwitsa '';
• mwachisawawa kapena zochita anachita pa makina;
• misjudgments ndi zolakwa;
• Determinism - kukhulupirira tsoka, zikhulupiriro, ulosi.

Kuti zosungitsa padera malo kwambiri mu bukhu, ngati iwo ali mbali yofunika ya chiphunzitso cha psychoanalysis, amene ali Freud ankalimbikitsa.

"The Psychopathology wa Tsiku ndi Tsiku Moyo" woyeneradi mosamala anthu chidwi kuwerenga maganizo.

Psychological Society Lachitatu

Monga psychoanalyst ndi munthu zambiri ndi anthu amene ali ndi mavuto m'dera lino, wayesa kuti apange bukhu Kufikika owerenga amene ngakhale zokhudza maganizo, ndipo yachilendo anathandiza chakuti ophunzira Freud kumeneko. Zotsatira zake zinali club ndi dzina chidwi "Psychological Society Lachitatu", umene unatha zaka zoposa sikisi. Kenako ena a club akhala ndithu odziwika kanjedza: A. Adler, P. Federn, Karl Jung, E.Dzhons, ndipo ndithudi sanataye kutchuka Sigmund Freud yekha.

"The Psychopathology wa Tsiku ndi Tsiku Moyo", ndemanga imene ankawaona kwambiri pa nthawi, unaturuka pa nsonga ya kutchuka kwa kampani ndi unathandiza kwambiri kutchukitsa mfundo za psychoanalysis.

Reviews a 'Psychopathology wa Tsiku ndi Tsiku Moyo'

Masiku ano, anthu ambiri kusiya maphunziro a Freud ndipo '' Psychopathology wa Tsiku ndi Tsiku Moyo ''.

Wina ananena kuti buku laling'ono la masamba 200 ingathandize n'kuulanda. Ena anali nkomwe za, chifukwa n'zosatheka kukumbukira mawu kapena dzina, koma monga mawu madzulowo chinenero. Buku anapereka mwayi kuyang'ana pa vuto ili ku mawonedwe a maganizo. Easy kuwerenga, zomveka terminology.

bukuli zinalembedwa yosavuta anthu. N'zochititsa chidwi kuwerenga za nkhani moyo umene anaukitsidwadi ndi Freud kapena anzake. Nthawi iliyonse Mwachitsanzo imapereka kusanthula wathunthu. Mlembi ali ndi kukumbukira chodabwitsa.

Anthu ambiri monga buku ndizo kwenikweni, zitsanzo. Kotero kudzakhala chidwi osati kwa azamisala ndi madokotala, komanso anthu wamba. Mlembi chimasonyeza ya chikomokere mu moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku. Pambuyo onse a zosungitsa ndi kuiwala maina bwino ndi zachilendo. Freud umatithandiza wowerenga chakuti zonse izi zikuchitika mwangozi.

Wina anazindikira kuti ndimakhulupirira kuti Freud anali pseudoscientist ndi ntchito zake zonse - pa quackery koyera. Koma anasintha maganizo nditawerenga "Psychopathology". bukuli ndi chidwi, ngakhale samawerenga msanga - amafuna kutanthauzira.

azingokhala anthu

Mu 1910, anthu wakhala ndisungunuka chifukwa mikangano mkati. Mmodzi wa oyamba kumanzere kwake Adler, amene ali ndi maganizo ankasiyana kwambiri kwa anthu a bambo kukhazikitsidwa kwa psychoanalysis. Iye anakhulupirira kuti chachikulu zolinga anthu ndi kufuna udindo, pamene Freud adamuwona mu chilakolako chogonana.

Kenako panali kusamvana pakati pa Freud ndi protege wake Karlom Yungom. The chifukwa maganizo a anakhala amakopeka Jung ndi nkhambakamwa ndi zamizimu, komanso kukana postulates ena akuthandizani. Makamaka, iye akufuna chiphunzitso cha 'gulu chikomokere.

Mulimonsemo, "Psychopathology wa Tsiku ndi Tsiku Moyo" ukutchulidwa kwambiri chiphunzitso psychoanalytic ndi structural chitsanzo cha psyche anthu.

Zaka zomalizira za moyo wa Sigmund Freud

Kumayambiriro 30 ntchentche wasayansi anali kupita ku England, zinali zovuta, chifukwa zinthu asilikali Germany. Sigmund Freud anamwalira mu 1939. akudwala matenda aakulu, iye anafunsa mwana wake wamkazi Anna pa kumaliza.

Anna anakana chifuniro cha atate wake, koma kuonera mavuto kholo, posakhalitsa anasintha maganizo ake. Chakumapeto September, ndi kupezeka dokotala Freud anam'bweretsera mlingo woopsa wa morphine, chifukwa mu zamaganizo wanzeru pa nthawi imene anamwalira.