Business lingaliro: tayala yobwezeretsanso

Aliyense wa ife akudziwa chimene galimoto angachite popanda matayala. Komabe, si onse akuganiza kodi matayala ankavala. Pali njira ziwiri: mwina tayala imatumizidwa akhala akutayirapo dothi ndipo motero kuipitsanso chilengedwe kapena kukonzedwa. Tikhoza kunena motsimikiza kuti tayalalo ndi zoipa zopezeka oopsa, ilo nthawizonse akuyesera kutaya. Chifukwa imeneyi, pali prerequisites onse polenga ang'ono anu fakitale kumene idzachitike tayala yobwezeretsanso.

Kodi aliyense ayenera kudziwa

Chaka chilichonse chiwerengero cha magalimoto m'misewu chinawonjezeka ndi za 5-10%. Pa mfundo imeneyi, izo kumawonjezera kuchuluka zoti tayala ndi tonnes za miliyoni 1. M'mayiko ambiri, nkhani ya yobwezeretsanso ndi yaikulu kwambiri. Mwina vutoli zikhoza kukhala ngati kukhazikitsa chawochawo ang'onoang'ono kupanga. Muli zingapo zimene mungachite kuti chitukuko ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, kungakhale mu processing matayala galimoto kapena mafuta crumb. Ngati mukufuna kulandira mafuta, iwe uyenera kutaya ndalama pang'ono, chifukwa kupanga mzere ndi lalikulu kwambiri. Dziwani kuti mungathe osati ntchito ndi matayala, komanso ndi mankhwala pulasitiki kuti ena kuwonjezeka profitability. Mu ntchito iyi pali angapo ubwino wakuti, ife tsopano aliyense wa iwo.

Choyamba, muyenera osati kuthira kwambiri ndalama kugula zipangizo. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti tayala ankavala oponyedwa. makonsolo, ngati iwo ali, ndithudi, nkhawa zachilengedwe a mzinda, kodi onse kupulumutsa. Koma si onse, chifukwa boma ndi wokonzeka kulipira zimene ogwira ntchito yanu yobwezeretsanso matayala idzachitike. Gwirizanani kulandira pafupifupi ufulu chofunika, koma kupanga phindu chakuti inu zikugwira ntchito imeneyi, zoipa kwambiri. Ndithudi, izi si zokhazo, chifukwa cholinga chathu chachikulu - osati kusunga chilengedwe, komanso kulandira phindu ukonde. ndalama Major adzabwera kuchokera malonda a mafuta omwewo mafuta, chomwe chiri choyimira otchuka kwambiri kwa mafuta mu ulimi. Mwa njira, free zipangizo, ndipo mukhoza kupeza mfundo tayala, amene m'mizinda ikuluikulu ndi zambiri. Chinthu ndi malo ogwira ntchito zotero. N. Perekani ndalamazo kuchotsa matayala ndi akanagwiritsa ntchito.

Yobwezeretsanso matayala mphira "chifukwa" ndi "kutsutsa"

Sitingathe kunena mawu zoti kagawo kakang'ono izi komabe kwathunthu anamaliza. chiwerengero cha amuna amalonda m'munda umenewu ndi ochepa, 20% ya index mulingo woyenera. Pano tili mu malingaliro yekha ndi wachisanu wa mphira ankavala anachira ndipo zobwezerezedwanso, zina amapita kwa anthu akhala akutayirapo dothi. Muyenera kumvetsa kuti makilogalamu 1000 matayala yopsereza - ndi makilogalamu 450 mpweya zosiyanasiyana poizoni ndi mwaye 250-270 makilogalamu. Koma ngati yofanana mphira bwino kuwataya, migodi akhoza kuwapeza 700 makilogalamu wa mphira mkulu kalasi, amene angagwiritsidwe ntchito yopangira utsi ndi mankhwala mphira. Ndiye n'zomveka pang'ono kulankhula za ogwira ntchito mafakitale lonse, koma pano ndiye yaing'ono processing chomera kusintha tayala n'zothekanso.

Palokha, zovuta ndi ochepa, koma kukula kwake ndi mwachindunji amadalira mabuku kupanga. Choncho, kwa processing matani 5 patsiku m'pofunika danga mabwalo 18 ndi mamita 10 kutalika. Pa chiwembu ayenera kukhala nyumba yosungiramo katundu kumene inu kusunga matayala, mapulasitiki ndi zina zotero. E. Ayenera kukhala mbali ya zopangira pretreatment (kuyeretsa, labala kudula). Kodi kuchita wopanda danga yosungirako zopangidwa itatha. Pankhaniyi, izo zonse zimadalira zimene kupeza. Izi zikhoza kukhala mpweya wakuda, mafuta ndi zina zotero. Mwachitsanzo, pansi mafuta muyenera kugula mphamvu akasinja ikuluikulu. Iwo sikuti kukhala watsopano, ndi bwino kugula ntchito / Y kwambiri mtengo. Chonde dziwani kuti processing matayala mphira - ndi zovuta ndi zoopsa. Choncho, luso ayenera kusunga. Tiyeni tikambirane zambiri za izo.

ndondomeko

Ndipotu, palibe lalikulu zambiri, koma m'pofunika kuchepetsa ndondomeko pa magawo onse a ulimi. Pachiyambi, iwe uyenera kuyamba kusonkhanitsa matayala. Ndiye iwe uyenera kutenga nawo nyumba yosungiramo katundu wa ogwira ntchito kwa processing zina. Pofuna kupewa kuwonongeka kwa lumo, kumene poyamba, si wotchipa, m'pofunika kuyendera zipangizo zonse yaiwisi pamaso pa zinthu zitsulo, monga mbale kapena mphete. Pankhani kudula chida, ndiye Choncho tiyenera kukhala pa lumo ndi hayidiroliki, koma sindiye, tidzakambirana za mtsogolo pang'ono. Komanso ya mnofu matayala kuti riyakitala kwa - malo apadera matayala yobwezeretsanso, amene umagwira ntchito pa kutentha anapatsidwa, ambiri amangoti 450 madigiri Celsius. The kuwonongeka kumabweretsa chakuti tili ndi ochepa theka-yomalizidwa zinthu monga tuzigawo twa gasi, zitsulo, mafuta.

Mpweya woterewu ntchito kuti lithandizire kuyaka mu ng'anjo monga mafuta byproduct. zinyalala ake anamasulidwa mu chilengedwe. Inu simungakhoze kuzitcha izo njira zabwino, koma amasulidwe akukumbutsa mpweya zinyalala galimoto. Koma misa mpumulo, ndiye umadutsa olekanitsa maginito, ngati mawu osavuta, ndiye sieved mu sefa. zinthu zitsulo zidzachotsedwa ndipo anatumizidwa ku nyumba yosungiramo katundu. Lolemera mafuta mafuta chimadzera ndi payipi ndi thanki imene mafuta udzasugidwa asanayambe kutumiza. Tikumbukenso kuti unsembe wa yobwezeretsanso matayala, zomwe zimathandiza kuti pyrolysis mafuta, zodula - miliyoni 2 rubles. ntchito yake - pafupifupi 5 zikwi matani mafuta patsiku, ndiwo ambiri ..

Kupanga labala crumb

Ndipo apa chidwi mfundo ina zokwanira, amene sanalandire kugawa moyenera kwa tsiku. Akamanena za ntchito imeneyi kuti inu kugulitsa milled ndi kukonzedwa labala, amene angagwiritsidwe ntchito zolinga zosiyana. Za kumvetsa zimene zinali za, m'pofunika kuti abweretse ntchito chonse manambalawo. Choncho, matani mphira crumb mu msika Russian chidzakhala choyenera zosaposa 20 000 rubles. Pankhani ogula lalikulu, ndi makampani zomangamanga opanga mankhwala labala, zipangizo denga, zokutira ndi kumanga zida masewera ndi zina zotero. N. Mfundo malonda mfundo ndi wosavuta kupeza.

M'pofunika kuganizira mfundo yakuti mu Russia chaka oponyedwa mozungulira 700-800 zikwi. Matani matayala zinyalala. Pafupifupi 20-25% kukuchitikanso bwino, china chirichonse kapena monga atagona landfills kapena incinerated. Choncho, yobwezeretsanso matayala mu nyenyeswa akhoza kupanga biliyoni 5-8, koma ndi mafakitale lonse. Ngati inu kuchita monga nazo chotero, muyenera kukhala crusher makina pa fakitale. Kudula zipangizo ndi kusinthidwa nthawi zonse imbaenda ndalama apamwamba. drawback wina wa mfundo imeneyi ndi kunyeketsa kwambiri magetsi, pafupifupi 500 kilowatts pa tani chotsirizidwa. Komabe, processing wa galimoto-tayala ngati njira zabwino. Koma ngati inu kupeza thandizo loyenera ndi boma.

Zipangizo matayala processing

Payokha angafune kulankhula za, kumene kupanga wathu mzere adzakhala. Mfundo zipangizo si kwambiri, ndipo ziri zophweka konse. Komabe, mtengo wa "kuluma". Main wagawo -. Zomera tayala yobwezeretsanso (riyakitala), kutalika mamita 10, m'lifupi mamita 3.5, kutalika 5 mamita Kwabasi unit ukungosowa pamalo oonekera pansi pa thambo lotseguka. Inu, monga wazamalonda tsogolo ayenera kumvetsetsa kuti kulipira ndalama zambiri kuti magetsi. The riyakitala yokha amadya 6 kilowatt paola. Komanso, pali awiri lumo - 7-8 kW / h. Mfundo ndi pafupifupi zipangizo zofunika chiyambi cha ulimi. Kodi ikusoweka ndi crucibles ochepa katundu nkhani analandira.

Monga tanenera kale, riyakitala ali ndi mphamvu pafupifupi 5 matani patsiku. Koma ku misa ili pafupifupi 40% adzakhala mafuta madzi. mfundo ndi yakuti chifukwa cha kuwonongeka inu kupeza mpweya (za tani a) ndi matani 0.5 a chingwe zitsulo. Mmodzi Tisaiwale za zotsalira olimba (mpweya chuma), umene uli pafupifupi 30% ya linanena bungwe okwana. M'pofunikanso powasamalira chakuti yobwezeretsanso matayala mu riyakitala ndi ikuchitika mu mode mosalekeza. Onse inu muyenera kuchita - ndi kuwonjezera akatikonzere. Kuyaka imayendetsedwa mkati mafuta opangidwa ndi ng'anjo. Ntchito ya riyakitala ndi awiri katswiri ophunzitsidwa mwapadera. Mfundo maphunziro maphunziro mukhoza kupita kudya mokwanira. Ndipo tsopano tiyeni tipitirire ndi kuyang'ana pa mfundo zina zofunika kwambiri.

Ndalama zingati chiyani ndikufunika kuyamba?

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zazikulu zimene zimaika mwamtheradi oyamba onse. kukwera mtengo Sikuti pano. Ngati mukupita kugula b / equipments (riyakitala, lumo), inu angatipulumutse ku 20% ya chonse pamodzi. M'pofunikanso kuti atenge sitepe kapena ayi, izo ziri kwa inu. Palibe chitsimikizo kuti ntchito riyakitala ndi kunja kwa dongosolo pambuyo kutentha choyamba. Mu palibe choncho kulipira kumawononga. Pakuti zonse muyenera kukhala chokwanira rubles miliyoni. Izi zikuphatikizapo mtengo wa riyakitala mphamvu matani 5 / tsiku, komanso atavala lumo. Komanso, muyenera kugula akasinja angapo (matani 60). Ngati adzakhala b / Y mphamvu, ndi Unit kulipira pafupifupi 25 000 rubles. Ndi angati zidutswa muyenera kuganizira nokha, koma safuna kuti okha akasinja imodzi kapena ziwiri. Popeza kuti processing matayala mu mafuta - bizinesi nyengo.

Pa sichikuyenda mitengo mafuta ndi bwino kugulitsa, koma kudziunjikira. Pamene inafika nthawi kulera, ndipo zidzachitikanso kwenikweni, mukhoza kupeza ndalama wabwino ndi kugulitsa mafuta zonse mwakamodzi. njira yotero imatengedwa chomveka komanso zothandiza zokwanira. Koma zimenezi sizikutanthauza kuti muyenera kwathunthu amaundana kugulitsa, zokwanira kuwanyeketsa ndi 50-75%. M'pofunikanso kulipira ogwira ntchito. Anayi katswiri ndalama pafupifupi 60 zikwi rubles pamwezi, ndi zipangizo ndi ntchito zovala - chikwi 50. Palinso zonse ndalama mwezi: magetsi, misonkho, malipiro pangano, etc ...

Za ndalama ogwira

Monga mukuonera, tayala yobwezeretsanso luso ndi mwachilungamo wophweka. Apa palibe zina mafuta, zochita zovuta mankhwala ndi zinthu zina. Komanso, monga tanenera kale, zopangira kwaulere. Nthawi zina ngakhale pa mndandanda wa matayala mukhoza kupeza ndalama zimene kulipira magetsi pamwezi. Ngati mukukhala m'chigawo, ndi chodziwikiratu kuti inu kulipira yobwezeretsanso, koma m'mizinda ikuluikulu zinthu zosiyana kwambiri. Pali m'mafakitale ambiri kuti ndalama zabwino yobwezeretsanso mphira. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti ambiri oyang'anira tauni akhala akutayirapo dothi amakana phwando zinyalala zoterozo. Pa processing matani matayala mukhoza kupeza ndalama wosiyana rubles 2 mpaka 5 zikwi.

Tikhoza kunena kuti ngakhale tayala yobwezeretsanso mu nyumba adzadzetsa ndalama wabwino. Mwachitsanzo, tani ogula otsika khalidwe mpweya ali okonzeka kulipira 3000 rubles. Zidutswa kutenga mlingo wa 4 rubles / T, ndi mafuta mafuta -. 3-4 zikwi rubles pa tani, malingana ndi nyengo. Ndi kuwerengetsera yosavuta tinganene kuti mwezi watha, uzilandira za 350 000-400 000. Pafupifupi 50% ya kufunika kulipira magetsi, kulipira antchito, ndi zina zotero. N. ndi mzere cholimba pa processing matayala udzabwezeredwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, mwamsanga mokwanira. Monga mukuonera, lingaliro ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi zingamuthandize, koma osiyanasiyana. Mu ntchito iyi, monga, ndithudi, mwa wina aliyense, pali zambiri mbuna. Tiyeni tiwone bwanji kuti mukulakwitsa.

Mavuto ndi kuyamba bizinesi

Ndi Sangathe kupeza dziko ufulu. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti m'pofunika kukhala kutali ndithu ndi nyumba zogona, lomwe ndi mamita 300. Patsogolo mbewu kwa mzinda, m'pamenenso mtengo wa Kutumiza zipangizo, musaiwale za izo. Ndipo kumbukirani kuti aliyense amafuna kukhala ndi mazenera zinachitikadi tayala yobwezeretsanso. Reviews nzika wamba monga zoipa ngakhale riyakitala anali kuima pa mtunda wa mamitala 400. ku malo omwe anthu amakhalako. Chifukwa imeneyi, kufunafuna malo m'dera yopanga. Ambiri mwina, mudzapeza iye, chifukwa ndithu kwambiri m'madera kanthu. Zonse muyenera - ndi kukambirana mwachindunji ndi kampani, monga ulamuliro, si zovuta. Pa wamng'ono kwambiri, mosavuta kuposa kuganiza pangano ndi firefighters ndi malo ukhondo.

Musaiwale kuti mukusowa chilolezo zinyalala yobwezeretsanso. Pezani chikalata ulamuliro ndi kovuta chifukwa matayala si woopsawo zipangizo (Gulu 4). Koma snag ndi kupanga wanu mwalamulo amadetsa m'mlengalenga. Ambiri mwina, Mufunsidwa (by mphamvu) kugula mbewu mankhwala. mtengo wake ndi zambiri kangapo wamkulu kuposa chomera lonse. Koma pali zinthu zingapo zimene zingakuthandizeni sachedwa kugula nthawi zina. Akatswiri amanena kuti siwoyenera kutsegula processing chomera zakuthupi wina. Ngati kapena ayi, muone. Mulimonsemo, inu nthawi zonse kukuza shopu wanu ndi kusungunula kumeneko galasi, pulasitiki kapena zitsulo. Malinga ndi kafukufuku, 75% ya amalonda akukumana ndi zachilengedwe, amene ali osamala kotereku kupanga.

A mfundo zingapo zofunika

Monga tanenera pang'ono apamwamba, mudzaona kuti "ndalama zosayembekezereka" item chidzaonekera dongosolo malonda anu. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti kufunika muthetse ndi zachilengedwe firefighters. Mwachitsanzo, kwa kusungiramo mafuta mafuta mu akasinja zosowa latsopano okha chotchinga choteteza, koma b / Y mphamvu amafuna chitetezo zina. Apa ndi wapadera mizere kwa mafuta ndi gasi, ndi malangizo ogwira chitetezo moto, ndi zambiri. Mulimonsemo m'pofunika kukhala ndi malo mu bajeti ya ochepa zikwi zana. Izi adzakupulumutsa ku mavuto ambiri. Nkhani ndalama ali wamkulu mokwanira, koma ife kale yokutidwa ndi mukudziwira kodi akuchitireni.

Musaiwale kuti inu monga mtsogoleri ayenera samangotiyang'ana njira anu antchito, komanso kuchita angapo ntchito zina ofunika. Pakati pawo: chitukuko anapitiriza kukula malire ogwira ntchito, kuwerengera ndi mlandu msonkho, komanso kusintha zolinga ndi mapulani posachedwapa. koitanira katundu wanu - M'nkhaniyi, mfundo yofunika kwambiri silinatchulidwe. Pali zingapo zimene mungachite. Mmodzi wa iwo - kulenga mwini mutu wanu webusaiti mungapezeko kupereka mafuta, etc. Palibe zimafika malonda pa mitengo, pokwerera mabasi ndi waima ... Kufikira tsopano, ndi zabwino ndi zomveka njira kulankhula momasuka mokweza. Komanso, amalipiritsa mwadzina, mukhoza kubwereka chikwangwani ndipo ikani malonda awo kumeneko. Mwa njira, muyenera adachita mwanzeru. Nkofunika kuti zimamuchulukira zambirimbiri, komanso kukopa chidwi cha omvera angathe.

Pomaliza

Kotero ife tinakambirana nanu za tchire yobwezeretsanso ndi momwe mungatsegule bizinesi imeneyo. Monga mukuonera, zonse ziri zophweka, koma pali mfundo zambiri zofunika. Nthawi zina zimachitika kuti zimakhala zovuta kupeza wogulitsa, kapena womaliza akukana kungopereka matayala akale ndikufuna ndalama kwa iwo. Momwemo, mungapeze malonda ena, ovomerezeka, komwe mungakhale okondwa kuchotsa zinyalala zambiri, komanso ndalama zanu zidzaperekedwa panjira. Nthawi zina ndizomveka kukwaniritsa mgwirizano wa nthawi yaitali. Kotero mungathe kupatula nthawi yowonjezera bizinesi yanu ndikuonjezera ndalama. Koma nthawi zonse izi ziyenera kukambirana mwachindunji ndi wogulitsa. Kumbukirani kuti ndi kovuta kwambiri kupeza malo ogulitsa matayala kusiyana ndi wamalonda amene ali wokonzeka kugula zinyalala. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti m'midzi ina ya reactors mulibe matayala konse.

Ngati mutapeza mafuta abwino, ndiye kuti mumayang'ana mumzinda kapena nyumba zapadera. Kumeneko mudzakhala okondwa kugula mafuta, omwe ndi ofunikira madzi otentha. Ngati mudzalandira zinyenyeswazi za mphira, ndiye kuti mukufunikira makina oyenera pafupifupi 500,000 ruble. Mtengo wa magetsi pa 1 tani yopangira ndi 90 kW. Zovuta za njirayi ndikuti gulu la mipeni (40 zidutswa) livala atatha kupanga matayala ambiri, kotero nthawi zambiri amafunika kusintha. Ndipotu, kuti mupange mpeni umodzi muyenera kupereka makombole 30, omwe ndi ochepa. Kotero, chigawo chokhala ndi mphamvu ya matayala 20 pa ora chimalipira mu miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Zotsatira ndi zofanana ndi kupanga mafuta. Koma pachiyambi choyamba, pali mavuto ochepa omwe ali ndi azakhazikika ndi ozimitsa moto, popeza sitimayesa zonyansa kumlengalenga kapena mafuta. Chabwino, makamaka, ndi zonse pa mutu uwu. Chinthu chovuta kwambiri ndi kuyamba, ndipo padzakhala zosavuta.