Canberra - likulu la Australia. Canberra zokopa

Pa funso limene dziko ndi Canberra, mosaganizira, yankho limodzi lokha zotheka: si dziko ndi mzinda. Ndipo ichi angakuuzeni chabe za aliyense sekondale, ndithudi, ngati anamvetsera mwatcheru nkhani wakhala mphunzitsi mapiri ake. Pa nthawi yomweyo, osati akulu onse kudziwa kuti mudzi uwu ndi likulu la Australia, osati Sydney kapena Melbourne, monga ambiri amakhulupirira. Izi alidi ndi chilengedwe chodabwitsa wa mzaka zana makumi awiri, amene sakhoza kukakomana ndi nyumba zakale ndi m'misewu yaing'ono. Mzindawu uli yake mzimu wapadera. Zakhala mwaiganizira anakonza tsatanetsatane lomaliza, ndi dziko lonse ndi atypical.

Mbiri ya maziko

Kwa nthawi yaitali nkhani ya likulu la Australia linali lalikulu kwambiri. chakuti ufulu kuonedwa ngati likulu a boma ankati mizinda iwiri ikuluikulu ndi zofunika ngati Melbourne ndi Sydney. Pofuna kuti maganizo zofuna za aliyense wa iwo, mu 1909 boma anaganiza yomanga likulu la dzikoli pa gawo ndale. Malo ndi Canberra, Nyumba ya Malamulo ku Australia ndi pa mapu. Pa msonkhano womwewo, mpikisano analengeza kuti ntchito ya mzinda watsopano. Iwo anali nawo oimira mayiko osiyanasiyana. Wopambana munthu wamanga ku Chicago, Uolter Berli Griffin. Chifukwa, Mulungu anakonza malo atsopano loyang'anira Australia, ndi nthawi ya zomangamanga ake anatenga pafupi theka atumwi, anakhazikitsidwa mu 1913.

yomanga Features

M'dera limene mzinda wa Canberra, ndi chigwa yokutidwa ndi mitundu osowa zomera ndi atazingidwa ndi mapiri. Malowa ali pamtunda wa makilomita 650 (kumpoto kum'mawa) ku Sydney ndi makilomita 370 kum'mwera kumadzulo (kwa iye). Mu kumasulira kwenikweni chinenero wa Aaborijini, dzina la likulu la Australia amatanthauza "malo". Malinga akufuna dongosolo zomangamanga, mzinda bwino ogaŵikana zigawo, aliyense amene ali ndi cholinga - kwa nyumba ofesi, malonda ndi ofesi nyumba, maphunziro komanso chikhalidwe mabungwe, ndi zina zotero. Wamtima m'nyumba rigor osiyana ndi olondola. Mayendedwe boma likulu la Commonwealth of Australia Canberra analandira mu 1927. Pa nthawi yomweyo anasamukira mu yamalamulo ndi zogona boma.

mafotokozedwe ambiri

Canberra, ndondomeko zomwe madigiri 35 kum'mwera kumpoto ndi madigiri 149 longitude kum'mawa, ili m'chigawo chapakati cha Africa la Australia, pa kutali gombe, pamalo okwera mamita 600 pamwamba pa nyanja. M'dera la m'gawo lake - za 800 makilomita lalikulu. Anthu kuposa chizindikiro cha anthu 380 sauzande. Mu mtima mwa likulu Australia ndi Nyanja Burley Griffin, ndilo chifukwa damu wosiyana Molonglo mtsinje. malo ake kwabasi a m'derali, limene lili mu Canberra, kukhala mozungulira nkhalango bulugamu ake, udzu, madambo wobiriwira ndi m'madambo. Komanso, dera amakhala ndi mkulu mlingo waubwenzi zachilengedwe, mpweya nthawi zonse Canberra ndi watsopano ndi woyera. Kumangidwa olimba ndi zomangamanga ndi zoletsedwa. Ndingaliro anthu kukwapula zosiyanasiyana mitundu ya mbalame, anatenga sanakonde m'madera amenewa. Koma zinyama, n'zotheka kukumana kuthengo m'madera ozungulira m'tawuni ya dingoes, kangaroos, marsupial zimbalangondo, komanso zomera zina zambiri. Komanso pali zimapezeka ndi njoka zapoizoni, chiwerengero cha mitundu imene imafikira makumi angapo.

The zikuchokera mitundu ya anthu, chipembedzo ndi chinenero

Dera kumene Canberra, ndi pafupi zake ana awo anthu ambiri ochokera m'mayiko Europe (makamaka Irish ndi English). Pambali mzinda ndi kunyumba kwa ambiri ochokera ku Asia, ku Italy, ku Armenia, Russian, Ukrainians ndi Ahelene. English ndi chinenero cha boma. Komanso, anthu ambiri ku likulu la Australia kuti mu Russian, Greek ndi Chitaliyana. Ndi nkhani ya chipembedzo, pafupifupi 80 peresenti ya anthu - Akhristu (Achiprotestanti ndi Akatolika). Zipembedzo zina zambiri, koma kufalitsa ziphunzitso, Islam, Chibuda ndipo Chiyuda.

nyengo

The kudziwa chinthu ulili nyengo ya mzinda Canberra - Australia likulu malo. Chifukwa remoteness ya gombe chimakhala chogwidwa ndi nyengo zochepa chinyezi, poyerekeza ndi m'midzi limati m'mphepete mwa nyanja. The chenjezo chomwecho ndi chifukwa osiyana nyengo. Chaka chonse mzindawo wagwa zosaposa 620 millimeters ya mpweya. Nthawi zambiri mvula kumayambira June ndipo itha August. Panthawi imeneyi tsiku kutentha osiyanasiyana madigiri 15 kuti 18, ndipo pa frosts usiku. Chipale pano alipo ochepa. Ngati iye agwa, ndiye anachedwa kwa maola angapo. Kuyambira November mpaka January m'pake kutentha kwakukulu, ndipo thermometer ukufika madigiri 32 pamwamba ziro. Ambiri, nyengo mu mzinda akhoza kusintha mofulumira kwambiri, ndipo kwa usana ndi usiku kutentha amakhala ndi kusinthasintha amphamvu. Nthawi yabwino pitani ndi zapakati pa December kwa February.

zoyendera

Canberra - likulu, chomwe chili misewu ndi ❖ kuyanika apamwamba. Ichi ndi chifukwa cha mlili wa ndondomeko ya kusintha, zonse anathamangitsa ndi makonsolo. Ngakhale kuti anthu kuno njira yofala mayendedwe imatengedwa galimoto, mzinda ali anayamba m'tawuni zoyendera maukonde. The yachangu ndi omasuka kwambiri mabasi kuti kuthamanga pa ndandanda n'kukupatsani kufika kulikonse likulu popanda vuto. Mtengo wa likanatha limodzi ndi $ 2.5, pamene kwa tsiku tikiti ayenera kulipira za 6,6 dollars. Mugule iwo mwachindunji kwa dalaivala kapena kiosks apadera. Mabasi si nthawi zonse, kotero kuti muphonye amasiya wanu, ayenera yomweyo alemba pa batani yoyenera mu kanyumba. Chirichonse chomwe icho chinali, ikuyenda pansi kapena ndi njinga ndi zinthu zoti anthu ambiri Canberra. Likulu la Australia, mwa zina, ali ndi ndege yake. Ndi matawuni akuluakulu chuma cha boma (Melbourne ndi Sydney) ndi imakhudza misewu komanso njanji.

zomangamanga

Canberra, kumene ambiri zipilala ano dziko, tambirimbiri, zinthu zochititsa chidwi mbiri komanso mabungwe chikhalidwe, monyadira ndi zomangamanga bwino cholinga. Onse a nyumba ili makamaka kuzungulira lalikulu nyanja yokumba. Mkulu-nyamuka nyumba ndi laling'ono kwambiri. Onse lolunjika pa Riverside promenade. Choncho, Australia Capital Mochititsa chidwi Chili mbali ya mzinda ano ndi tawuni akuzigawo ndi wochuluka mawanga wowoneka ndi mitunda kwambiri. Canberra - likulu, amene ali zimasiyana ena, anamanga pa mtundu West European a m'mizinda ikuluikulu Australia. Popeza kuti zinakonzedwa monga malo dziko la chitukuko cha sayansi ndi chikhalidwe, komanso okhala boma.

kugwirizana

Mbali chidwi ndi kuchuluka kwa makina m'dera telefoni. Zimapezeka kulikonse. Pankhaniyi, kuyitana zitheka ndi m'mayiko ena. kuyitana mkati ndalama ndi $ 0.4, ndi kuitana mayiko ena linaperekedwa malingana ndi nthawi ndi olembetsa. Kugula khadi foni akhoza kukhala pafupifupi kiosk kapena kugula Canberra. Dziko lonse patsogolo kwambiri mawu kulankhulana: anthu ambiri Internet, kuphatikizapo 3G. Kugula SIM khadi kuchokera woyendayenda m'dera woyendetsa n'zotheka pamalo alionse yam'manja.

Zosangalatsa

Monga taonera, mu 1913, idamangidwa mzinda wa Canberra. zipilala mbiri pa nkhani imeneyi, pali kawirikawiri. Ngakhale izi, likulu la Australia, pali zambiri zinthu zosangalatsa. wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa anthu am'deralo ndi alendo kusangalala Botanical Garden, kuphimba kudera la mahekitala 50. Mu izo zimapezeka za 6000 mitundu ya zomera. mawu enieni woyeneradi chongopeka analenga Nyanja Burley Griffin, limene lili mu mkatikati mwa mzindawo. Tikumbukenso kuti dzina lake polemekeza wamanga amene ankafuna Canberra. Pakati pa ndege wamphamvu izo kasupe wotchedwa pambuyo Captain Cook. M'pofunikanso kuchezera ndi Capital Hill - yaing'ono-kakulidwe dera maofesi a boma. An malo abwino kuyenda, monga anthu a likulu - paki "Cockington Green", maonekedwe amene aumbike mwa nyumba kakang'ono ndi minda wodzazidwa ndi zosiyanasiyana zomera zosowa.

zowoneka

Mu Canberra zokopa ali makamaka ukufanizidwa ndi zinthu analengedwa mu kalembedwe ano. Zimenezi n'zosadabwitsa, monga likulu la boma ku Australia anaonekera pa mapu okha atumwi wotsiriza. Chidwi m'deralo mapulani chipilala ankaona kuti wakale yamalamulo nyumba, anamanga mu 1927 ndipo lili mkatikati mwa mzindawo. Amakhala ndi apansi awiri ndipo anamanga mwala woyera. yomanga wazingidwa ndi munda duwa ndi National waima kuchokera nyumba ina mizati yawo yaikulu.

Australia nkhondo Memorial - ichi ndi odziwika bwino kwambiri kukopa lonse Canberra. Ndi lonse zovuta, womwenso chipinda chosungira, kowonera zakale mbiri ndi malo kafukufuku. chikumbukiro Anamanga zimalimbikitsa kukumbukira asilikali a ku Australia amene anafa pa nthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse. Pa makoma ake mukhoza kuwona zoti malo okhala anaphedwa - Krete, Mesopotamia, Nyanja Miyala ndi ena. Mayina mwa anthu onse ntchito kwa mbale mkuwa mkati. maholo ndi dioramas nkhondo, akasinja, zitsanzo, ndege, zida, komanso zojambula za akatswiri m'dera anadzipereka kwa mutu womwewo. Chosema Garden ili pafupi ndi zovuta lapansi. Ili pafupi ndime ya mamita 66 kutalika, umene chithunzi cha chiwombankhanga. chosema The anamangidwira monga chizindikiro cha US kuyamikira thandizo anapereka pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World.

Canberra - likulu osati ndale, komanso sayansi. Milimo ya Academy National wa Sciences ili pano ndipo ndi imodzi mwa chidwi m'deralo. maonekedwe awo ndi chinachake chonga Eskimo kwake ayezi, kotero Australia um'dzoze "yglu".

mwapadera ayenera anamangidwa mu 1980 Telstra Tower. Pamwamba pake yatenganso zi- sitimayo. Popeza amapereka chapamwamba maganizo panolamiki, ndi alendo ambiri amayesa kujambulidwa pa maziko ake. Komanso, mu ukugwirira ntchito mphatso shopu, khofi shopu ndi City Museum.

masewera

Canberra, kumene kuchuluka yaikulu mtanda dziko ndi kupalasa njinga njira, malo apadera zosangalatsa, makhoti tennis, kachitidwe madzi ndi simulators - ndi paradaiso weniweni kwa okonda masewera ndi moyo yogwira. Mu likulu la Australia, komanso m'dziko lonselo, ali ndithu anayamba tennis, mpira, gofu, kusewera ndi Cricket. Mpikisano pa sitediyamu chapakati unachitikira pafupifupi onse nthawi. Ngakhale yaing'ono kukula kwa mzinda, anakhazikika kwambiri magulu ku masewera osiyana.

Malo ndi malonda munjira

Mu malo m'tawuni weniweni pakuika ndalama zawo alendo ambiri. Komabe, iwo kawirikawiri ndi ndalama ndi m'dziko zolinga. Tikumbukenso kuti likulu Australia pankhaniyi wotchuka kwambiri poyerekeza ndi zisudzo zikuluzikulu za dziko - Melbourne ndi Sydney, komwe mitengo apamwamba.

Dongosolo boma ndi chitetezo - ndi mitundu yaikulu ya chuma cha mzinda wa Canberra. Australia wonse imatengedwa dziko ndi yopangira otukuka. Koma izi sizikhudza kuti likulu lake. M'madera awiri pamwamba ntchito 40 peresenti ya am'deralo. Komanso, mzinda akhoza ngati ikuyenda bwino kwambiri anafotokoza, chifukwa pano ndi likulu la angapo kutukula mapulogalamu. The ntchito malo apa wakhala yopindulitsa kwambiri.

chakudya

Ambiri odyera zili m'madera mtawuni. Ngati n'koyenera, apa mukhoza kulawa mbale pafupifupi zakudya iliyonse. Mlingo wa utumiki si mkulu, koma khalidwe la chakudya chaka ndi chaka choyenera bwino. Tikumbukenso kuti khitchini Australia, amene poyamba sanali amasiyana English, zaposachedwapa anagula mbali yake. Kwenikweni, tsopano ndi fixture mu zitsulo nsomba. Mu likulu ku Australia tchizi chabwino kuphika, ndi msika mungapeze mankhwala zosowa kwambiri - mwachitsanzo, mlomo nsombazi kapena ng'ona nyama.

Malawi ndi Zosangalatsa

Popeza Canberra - likulu la dziko lalikulu, n'kovuta kupeza nyumba. Mungachite kuti mayikidwe a alendo ndi alendo zosiyana kwambiri mtengo ndi chitonthozo - kuchokera m'mahotela wotchipa ku analeredwa mwanaalirenji ndi m'mahotela. Mitengo lendi zipinda kuyamba ndi chizindikiro cha $ 30 patsiku. Monga pulogalamu ya chikhalidwe, Chili mwangwiro ndi nezi, zina ndipo pitani mitundu yonse ya maofesi zosangalatsa. Makamaka, Zoo National ndi Aquarium ukugwira tsiku. Kuwonjezera pa iye, okonda zachilengedwe adzakhala chidwi kukaona National Park "Tidbinbilla." likulu Australia monyadira mabala usiku ndi enawo zosangalatsa zambiri, kotero ife tikhoza bwinobwino kuti kuchuluka kwa zosangalatsa pano ukugwira ntchito usana ndi usiku. Masitolo ambiri ntchito masiku asanu ndi awiri pa mlungu. Mu mugule iliyonse chinthu, kuphatikizapo zinthu za ubweya wotchuka Australia.

Mokoma, kukumbukira ndi alendo

Kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ochokera chitoliro m'dera madzi oipa. Si owopsa kwa thanzi la munthu, koma sachedwa acclimation chifukwa kukonza.

Kusuta mu malo pagulu koletsedwa, kumwa mowa ndi amaloledwa si midzidzi, ndiyeno kulikonse.

Poyenda chikhalidwe Tisaiwale za odana ndi tizilombo pano ali oipa kwambiri.

Kuti nthawi imene amakhala ku Canberra, nthawi zone ya mzinda - UTC + 10.

Canberra lero

Monga lero, mudzi wa anaikira mphamvu zandale za dziko. Sikuti kuli mpando wa boma, komanso akazembe a mayiko ena. Chimodzi mwa anachezeredwa ndi alendo yachilendo mzinda m'dziko lapansi Canberra wakhala zisakuyenda bwino. Likulu la Australia, ngakhale lili ndi mlingo wochepa kwambiri upandu. Ngati pano ndipo pali zolakwa aakulu, nthawi yomweyo aliyense. Mosavuta mu msampha wa chinyengo kapena pickpockets pafupifupi ziro.