Charles ndi amene amatchedwa Great?

Iye chimodzi cha andale ambiri luso, amene ufumu wafunsira zoyambira za statehood ambiri amitundu European. Karl ndi ndani, anadzatchedwa Wamkulu, ndi zimene anachita?

mkulu ameneyu pabvomelezo la papa States, zomwe zopatulika Arab nkhondo, kukhala maphunziro komanso chikhalidwe, zosangalatsa m'mayiko ena kuchita kusintha ... Mfumu ya Afulanki, mfumu ya Lombards, Kalonga wa Bavaria, ndipo pamapeto, mfumu ya West - ziri zonse zokhudza iye. Karl anaponya kuti recreate Roma, ndipo zinatheka.

magwero

Carl - mwana wa Mfumu ya Afulanki Pepin Short ndi Bertrada wa Laon. Ngakhale chidwi kuti bambo wake wakukhala pa mpando wachifumu mu kulanda boma, osati tinangotengera izo m'malo mfumu, ngakhale misempha yake unaturuka yemweyo buluu magazi, monga izo zinali Duke. Carl a pippinids mtundu, koma pambuyo iye anadzatchedwa ndi mafumu Carolingian.

Malo ndi chaka chobadwa, olemba mbiri sangakhoze kubwera ku chimodzi chimene, chifukwa magwero ena amatchula zaka 742, ena - 742 TH, ndipo ngakhale ena - 747 TH. Mu mzinda umene mmenemo, inenso, zana pa zana ndi osadziwika (mwina, mu Aachen, Kjersti kapena Ingelheim). Koma nanga bwanji deti la imfa mosakayikira: Carl anafa 814 ndipo anaikidwa m'manda mu Aachen.

Relations ndi Karlomanom

Koma ngati Afulanki Pepin wachifumu analandidwa kuti m'tsogolo palibe munthu anakhoza atagwirizana zoti mphamvu ya m'malo, analamula kuti ana ake awiri (Karl ndi mng'ono wake Carloman) mu 754 anadzozedwa wachifumu wa Papa Stephen II. Pepin sanapereke ufulu mpandowachifumu kuti wina wa ana, ndi kuwagawa gawo pakati pawo ulamuliro, omwe amayenera iye akadzamwalira.

Chifukwa cha zimenezi, mu 1968, Karl analandira Aquitaine, ambiri a Neustria ndi Austrasia, ndi Thuringia, ndi co-wolowa wake wa Carloman akulamulira Burgundy, Provence, ndi Gotiey Alemany. Ngakhale, monga iwo amati, iwo analibe kanthu kugawana koma abale nthawizonse wakhala chidani. Mwachitsanzo, Charles anali bwino anayambitsa kuopa kuti m'bale wake akufuna kulowa mgwirizano ndi Desiderius, mfumu ya Lombards.

Ndicho chifukwa Karl analoŵa m'banja ndi mwana wake ndipo analandira desideratum malo anthu otchuka ku anamuperekeza wa atate wake. Ndi pafupifupi nkhondo pakati pa abale, koma Carloman anadwala n'kumwalira mu chaka 771, ndipo mkazi wake anathawa ndi ana ake. Karl anawonjezera kuti umwini awo, kotero mphamvu anali centralized yaikulu ya Ulaya.

nkhondo

Koma Charles sikunalekere pamenepo. Posachedwa Ulaya yense anali kupeza ndani Karl Veliky. Sanapereke mpumulo kwa skirmishes zonse Afulanki ndi Saxon ngati achipembedzo (yotsirizira Pamilunguyo chikunja), ndipo pa maziko a dera lawo, choncho 772 anaganiza kuyamba nkhondo pa iwo, kuwukira Saxony.

Koma ngakhale zimenezi zisanachitike, iye anatumiza kumbuyo desideratum monga ubwenzi wabwino ndi bambo ake, iye anali kale kuti chilichonse. Izi si nthabwala zakwiyitsa mfumu ya Lombards, ndipo iye ankafuna kuti adzoze wachifumu mwana Karlomana Pipina. Charles yomweyo anayamba kuukira. Asilikali a Lombards ndi Afulanki anakumana m'dera Alps, koma chifukwa cha ayendetsa skilful asilikali otsiriza effortlessly anapambana. Desideratum anasowa likulu lake la Pavia. Koma pambuyo kuzinga mzinda anagonja, Carl amakakamizidwa bambo zakale malamulo kutenga malonjezo, ndipo analanda mpando wachifumu wa Lombards. Pa nthawi yomweyo Mfumu ya Afulanki wotetezedwa mtendere ndi papa States, ndipo anamulonjeza dziko latsopano.

Pamene mavuto Italy akhala anathana, iye anayambanso nkhondo Saxon, kenako anapambana, ngakhale anamutenga zaka 32. Chifukwa, wa Saxon anali mokakamiza Chikristu, ndi malire awo panaoneka kuti chuma cha Charles.

Komanso 787, Duke a Bavaria Tassilon wachitatu zobisika kunyumba ndipo anapereka Karl mphamvu zake. Ndiye anadza kwa mafuko Asilavo lutici, ndiyeno Avars ndi kuphunzira mwachindunji zomwe ndi Carl. Chigonjetso analinso kumbali ya Afulanki.

Ngakhale panali komanso akugonjetsa, monga 777, mu nkhondo ndi Basques lapansi. Pokumbukira nkhondo imeneyi lidalembedwa "Nyimbo ya Roland".

Pa tsiku la Khirisimasi zaka 800 Carl walandira mutu wa Mfumu ya West. Ngakhale pa moyo wake anagawana umwini pakati pa ana ake atatu, koma anapulumuka kokha atate wake, Louis Woyamba.

mtendere

Koma Mfumu si pa nkhondo. Carl ndi ndani ngati chithunzi kapena chikhalidwe? Iye anayambitsa chitsitsimutso, anadzatchedwa Carolingian. Mfumu anakhazikitsa dongosolo la maphunziro (ngakhale anali amuna okha), analenga Academy of Tirhana Palace lotsogoleredwa ndi Alcuin ndakatulo, chinathandiza kufala kwa inalembedwa. Mu ulamuliro wake, anapanga akale Latin monga chinenero cha sayansi, kalembedwe Romanesque a zomangamanga, kumanga misewu, nyumba chitetezo.

Carl ndi ndani monga munthu?

Ngakhale kuti Iye analibe matenda Nyenyezi. Iye ankakonda zovala zabwino ndi gome, akuphulikira ndi chakudya, choncho atavala pafupifupi ngati munthu wamba, ndipo zakudya anali wodzichepetsa kwambiri. Karl anali amakonda kuwerenga, zakuthambo, apamwamba. Iye ali ndi waluso polankhula enviable ndi wachikoka. Komanso, Mfumu Charles anali munthu wachipembedzo: ulemu ndi miyambo yonse ndi miyambo.

Choncho, kungoona pamwamba, Karla Velikogo pachabe tate wa Europe. Kwenikweni anapanga zopereka yaikulu kwa ndale, chikhalidwe ndi chuma chitukuko cha madera ulamuliro wake.