Chidule. "The Dzitetezeni Mazira". Bulgakov

Mihail Afanasevich Bulgakov - mmodzi wa olemba otchuka Russian, osati mbadwo umodzi. Bright ndi ntchito zake zosiyanasiyana wolemba yemwe ndi wabwino Mitundu yake yonse. Aliyense amakumbukira buku wake wotchuka "Mphunzitsi ndi Margarita" ndi "White Alonda" buku "Mtima wa Dog" ndi "The Dzitetezeni Mazira". ntchito Bulgakov angathe disassembled kwenikweni amagwira.

Nkhani "The Dzitetezeni Mazira" Bulgakov analembera mu 1924. Ndipo chaka chamawa, iye anali kale lofalitsidwa. Zimene limanena mwachidule? "The Mazira Dzitetezeni" - nchito ngakhale ku mawonedwe a mafotokozedwe mwachidule kudabwa aliyense. Ndipo makamaka amene ankakhala zaka.

"The Mazira Dzitetezeni": kusanthula

Gwero kulemba mankhwala wosangalatsa anakhala buku la English yopeka wolemba HG Wells 'Chakudya wa Milungu "(1904), limene limafotokoza chakudya mozizwitsa, mofulumira kukula anthu ndi lisanduke chimphona, komanso kukulitsa luso lake laluntha, auzimu ndi akuthupi. "The Dzitetezeni Mazira" Bulgakov anachita zambiri zosowa ndi nkhani yake ntchito zokwawa mwamakani ndipo osati chimphona anthu anthu.

Ndi ndakatulo Maksimiliyan Voloshin, tchuti mu Crimea, Koktebel, anatumiza Bulgakov zodula kuchokera nyuzipepala ochokera 1921, amene ananena kuti m'dera la phiri Kara-Dag anaonekera chokwawa yaikulu, ndipo adani ake anatumiza Red Army.

The mankhwala a "The Mazira Dzitetezeni" ndipo amatikumbutsa buku lachiwiri ndi HG Wells 'nkhondo wazolengedwa "(chaka cha 1898), imene Martians kugonjetsa dziko, anaphedwa ndi tizilombo ting'onoting'ono lapansi. Bulgakov zake zosowa zokwawa akuvutika wosangalatsa chilimwe frosts.

Chidule. "The Dzitetezeni Mazira"

Zonse zinayamba ndi chakuti mu 1928 ndi pulofesa Soviet ya zinyama ndi mkulu wa Moscow zooinstituta mapichesi Vladimir Ipatievich ina mosayembekezereka anapeza sayansi, amene anali wofunika kwambiri kwa zinyama.

Kugwira ntchito ndi maso, ndi munthu mwachisawawa kuchepetsa galasi anaona mu eyepiece "re a moyo," monga mmene kenako adzaitana Pulofesa wina wokuthandizani, wasayansi Ivanov Pyotr Stepanovich.

Akamanena za anapeza wasayansi chakuti zamoyo zokhala ndi selo imodzi monga amoeba atadziŵa mtengo uwu anayamba kuchita zinthu zovuta kuzimvetsa kwambiri ndi zachilendo njira. khalidwe lawo zosemphana ndi malamulo onse a chirengedwe. Amoebas mwadzidzidzi anayamba kuchulukana, zigawenga pamwamba pa wina ndi mzake ndi kusokoneza aliyense bitchiness ena. Mu nkhondo imeneyi, ndi yapambana wamphamvu. Onse toyesa izi kupulumuka mantha ndi wosakhazikika pa akuseŵera bwinobwino wake kwachirendo ndi dumbo.

zinachitikira oopsa

Patapita nthawi, wachiwiri wasayansi Ivanov amagwiritsa makamera angapo, amalenga mtengo amphamvu ndi kuyetsa mazira chule. masiku awiri mwakula adyera kwambiri ndi zoipa mwankhanzaku nyama, amenenso anayamba umeze mzake. Ndipo amene anapulumuka anayamba kuchulukana mu ambirimbiri.

Ambiri, izi zatsopano zonse wapadera wa Professor Persikov sanathe kutayikira kwa atolankhani. Komabe, si Uthenga anabweretsa asayansi maganizo, komanso chakuti m'dzikoli kwa zinthu zina zachilendo anayamba kufalitsa kwathunthu osadziwika kuti matenda sayansi nkhuku. Ndipo kotero pulofesa Persikov anaitanidwa mutu posachedwapa analenga ntchito yapadera imene inali kufutukula ntchito zake polimbana ndi mliri wa nkhuku, chifukwa mu masabata awiri okha mu dziko, nkhuku zonse kufa.

Mazira nyama otentha

Ndipo mu ofesi wasayansi anafika Persikov dzina lake Aleksandr Semenovich Rokk. Ake tcheyamani atangomwalira zoikika za boma munda "Red Ray", kumene kalata kuchokera boma la Russia lofunika kwambiri. Iwo akufuna kusamukira ku ntchito makamera Rocca cholinga, amene ankathandiza kulera kuswana nkhuku mu dziko. Koma mapichesi tcheyamani limatichenjeza kuti chipangizo wapadera sanayambebe kudziwika. Komabe, Roque otsimikiza kuti yochepa nthawi adzatha kuonjezera ndi kangapo chiwerengero cha nkhuku.

Choncho zikuoneka kuti lophweka amazipotokola mwachidule. "The Mazira Dzitetezeni" Ndiye Komabe, alidi zedi.

Rocca othandizira kutenga zonse zitatu za unsembe makamera, kuwonjezera m'chipinda chake choyamba kwambiri chaching'ono, chimene wakhala pulofesa Persikov. Ndipo Iye anapitiriza kuphunzira kwake ndi akunja, iye anadzozedwa kukhala mu mawonekedwe a mazira otentha nyama, pythons, anacondas, ng'ona ndi nthiwatiwa kwa zatsopano awo.

M'MALO

Nawonso Rock wa m'dziko lomwelo lina kwa zolinga za boma munda minda yake kuswana nkhuku analemba mazira. Ndipo apa pali chinachake choipa, monga kunapezeka kenako msewu losokonezeka azilamula mazira nyama ankalumidwa akugwa pansi pa kuyesera Smolensk munda.

Mosatekeseka Rock chooneka-mwachilendo dzira anaikidwa m'chipinda chapadera kuthamanga. Ndipo n'zosadabwitsa, patapita kanthawi famu mwadzidzidzi chule chete, anaulukira mbalame zonse, ndipo ngakhale mpheta, agalu anayamba mofuula kulikonse.

kuukira lowopsya

Patapita kanthawi, kuwala kuonekere njoka ndi ng'ona. Mmodzi wa njoka wafika tinthu tating'ono ndi anaukira Manu - mkazi Rocca. Zonsezi zinachitika pamaso pake, ndiponso zimene iye anawona, iye basi chisanu ndi mantha. Rock yomweyo anathamangira ku dipatimenti GPU kulankhula za mavuto awo, koma palibe amene adakhulupirira nkhani yake ndi onse ankaona kuti iye ankabwerera ndi kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo. Koma pamene akatswiri mumabwerabe ku munda, anaona ndi maso awo anthu enanso ambirimbiri nyama chachikulu ndi choopsa. antchito awiri GPU zimafa.

Mu pafupi ndi moto zida zankhondo nkhondo, shelled nkhalango lonse, kumene madipoziti dzira. Ndipo mu nkhondo ndi magulu a zokwawa yaikulu ndi nthiwatiwa, zomwe akuyandikira Moscow kuchokera ku mbali zonse za mzindawo, anali Mozhaisk chigawo. Ovulala idaphuka pamodzi mphindi iliyonse m'kupita. Mu likulu, anayamba kuthawa. Othawa ku dera Smolensk, nayenso, anafika ku Moscow. Iwo unayamba mu mzinda wa malamulo achisilikali.

Osauka pulofesa Persikov kwenikweni anang'amba khamu la anthu okwiya amene ankaganiza kuti iye anali woyambitsa wa zoipa zonse mu dziko.

Zonsezi ndi bwino kwambiri ndi mochititsatu kaso limafotokoza mwachidule. "The Dzitetezeni Mazira" Bulgakov akutsirizira kupulumutsa zinthu zoopsa wa chisanu imene anaigwira mwakhama pa mapeto a August anafika opanda madigiri 18 Celsius. Iye anakhala mu likulu kwa masiku awiri, pofuna kuthandiza kuthetsa mantha pafupi.

chigonjetso

Pambuyo kuti m'minda yonse, nkhalango ndi zithaphwi mazira adamwazika, amene chipolopolo chidafundidwa ndi zinthu zina chitsanzo chachilendo kwambiri chokhala masamba kokha zabwinobwino. Padziko lonse lapansi kugona mitembo ya njoka ija, ng'ona ndi nthiwatiwa.

M'chaka cha 1929 nkhondo kutayera m'dera ndi kutentha mitembo, ambiri, zonse mwa dongosolo. Izo zinachitika nthawi yaitali kulemba, kuyankhula padziko lonse, koma kuti ichi "ray wa moyo" ndipo palibe munthu anakhoza ndithu ndipo ngakhale wothandizira Ivanov Petr Stepanovich.

Ndipo zinatha, "The Mazira Dzitetezeni" Bulgakov, amene adzakhala anadabwa wokondweretsa kwa mafani yopeka.