Chikalata Gawo: i zoyambirira

Kotero izo zinali zovuta kumvetsa ambiri zikalata, anayamba malamulo wapadera kukonzekera awo ndi ulaliki, classifications osiyana, komanso mitundu zoyenera ndi njira ntchito ndi iwo.

Tikumbukenso kuti gulu la zikalata n'kofunika kwambiri chifukwa kumathandiza kuti asonyeze makhalidwe awo enieni ndi limachititsa ntchito mwaluso kwambiri. Ndi limodzi mwa mabuku akale mpaka kumapeto nkhani kwambiri, chitukuko chimene linayamba kumapeto kwa m'ma 1960. Ambiri mwa zolembedwa anagawira njira m'magulu osiyana kale okhawo wonena za poyerekezera ndi kuchuluka kapena sayansi osiyana. Koma posachedwapa gulu multidimensional zolembedwa wakhazikitsidwa, ozikidwa pa mfundo ndi zinthu zikuluzikulu.

zikalata zonse zikhoza kugawidwa malinga ndi muyezo zotsatirazi:

1. mmene ntchito zawo mu malo ndi nthawi. Ganizirani mokhazikika buku (zodziwitsa ndi sanali nthawi), nthawi yatsoka (wapachiyambi, choyambirira, magazini, kutsanzira), malo kupanga (dera, dziko kapena yachilendo);

2. Information chigawo.

• kulabadira zili ndi mlingo wa loitanirana wa mudziwe (zolembedwa pulayimale ndi sekondale);

• gulu la zikalata zikuphatikizapo gawo la nkhani yolembedwa pa kukula (mtundu), ndipo chiwerengero cha masamba (okwana);

• Chigawo mmene mfundo anazindikira (zikalata akhoza kuwerenga ndi munthu kapena amafuna wapadera zipangizo luso);

• Gawo ili la zikalata mulinso khalidwe wodziwika bwino njira imene mbiri mudziwe (mawu ndi mawonekedwe sanali lemba);

• deta kujambula njira Malinga kusiyanitsa pamanja, kusindikizidwa makina, maginito, Zithunzi, kuwala, laser, ndi zikalata amagetsi.

3. Zofunika chigawo womwenso i ena (monga chuma chonyamulira zambiri, komanso mawonekedwe ake ndi mamangidwe).

Dziwani kuti kufalitsidwa kwa zolembedwa kwa magulu munthu wa okhutira ndi mawonekedwe amalola zosavuta kulinganiza ntchito naye.

Ndi ofunika ponena kuti palinso gulu lolinganiza zolembedwa mlandu kwa tsiku, amene amaganizira amanena, malo ndi ndondomeko ya kukafola, ntchito, ndi njira ntchito.

Gawo ili la zikalata mlandu monga gulu izi mu mitundu:

• malingana ndi ntchito - kayendetsedwe ndi wamkulu, mlandu kulembetsa kapena amaphatikiza;

• kuti kukonzekera - pulayimale ndi mwachidule;

• mkati ndi kunja zikalata;

• ndi ntchito - disposable ndi kusunga;

• malinga ndi zomwe zili - ndalama, chuma ndi mamangidwe.

Izo ziyenera kuti gulu lina ili monga angapo muyezo ndipo m'lifupi kwambiri, moti aliyense chikalata anafotokoza kuti magulu osiyana pa nthawi yomweyo, koma zikhoza yodziwika ndi zinthu zenizeni ndi ntchito yokhayo yomwe inalipo m'munda zogwirizana.