Kubadwa Kwatsopano munthu: zosunthika munthu

Munthu wa Kubadwa Kwatsopano, kapena "polymath" (konsekonse munthu) - kwathunthu anayamba munthu amene ali ndi luso ambiri ndipo ndi katswiri amalanga angapo.

Khama kwakukulukulu anaonekera kuyamika aluso kwambiri, anzeru kwambiri ndi asayansi nthawi ya European Kubadwa Kwatsopano (apadziko 1450). Michelangelo Buonarroti, Galileo Galilei, Nikolay Kopernik, Miguel Servet, Leon Battista Alberti, Isaak Nyuton - ndi mayina ofunika kwambiri kwa anthu amene ali ofufuza ku minda yambiri ya sayansi ndi luso. Koma mwina chidwi kwambiri woimira woona Kubadwa Kwatsopano munthu -Leonardo da Vinci. Iye anali wojambula, zomangamanga, anatomist, chidwi amalanga zina zambiri, ndipo lakwaniritsa kupambana kwakukulu mu maphunziro awo.

Mawu akuti "polymath" otsogola pa Kubadwa Kwatsopano, izo anachokera ku mawu achigiriki «polymathes», sipangakhalenso likumasuliridwa kuti "katswiri wa nzeru ambiri" - lingaliro zimenezo zinali zofunika kwambiri Plato ndi Aristotle, anthu anzeru kwambiri za m'nthawi yakale.

Leon Battista Alberti anati: "Anthu akhoza kuchita chirichonse, ngati iwo akufuna." Mfundo imeneyi timapezamo mfundo zikuluzikulu za Kubadwa Kwatsopano umunthu, amaonekera kuti munthuyo ndi malire mu mwayi wake ndi chitukuko. Kumene, mawu akuti "Kubadwa Kwatsopano munthu ayenera 'akutanthauza anthu amphatso amene ayesa maluso zawo zonse nzeru, luso, kukula, mosiyana ndi anthu ena amene ankakhala mu nyengo imeneyo, makamaka woimira anthu osaphunzira.

anthu ambiri omwe afufuza, kuzifuna udindo wa "munthu wachilengedwe chonse." Iwo zonse chinkhoswe kudzipatsa kuwongolera, mwayi chitukuko anailandira, kuphunzira chinenero china, anachititsa kafukufuku, akanakhoza kumvetsa ndi kufotokoza mavuto nthanthi amayamikira luso, kusewera masewera (bwino thupi lake). Pa siteji oyambirira, pamene onse chimatanthauza mfundo anthu ophunzira ndi mwayi kwambiri a chidziwitso - ntchito za anzeru Greek ndi afilosofi (ntchito zambiri anasowa m'nthawi ya lotsatira). Komanso, munthu wa Kubadwa Kwatsopano anali m'malo mwa miyambo ya chivalry. Ankhondo a oyambirira Ages Middle, monga ife tikudziwira, anthu anali ophunzira, wodziwa ndakatulo ndi luso losiyanasiyana, waulemu, anali ufulu munthu (kupatulapo ntchito wolamulira ang'onoang'ono). A bwino anthu ufulu kukhala mutu akuluakulu oona umunthu wa Kubadwa Kwatsopano.

Kumlingo, umunthu si nzeru, ndi njira kafukufuku. Humanists ankakhulupirira kuti munthu mu Kubadwa Kwatsopano azibwera ku mapeto a moyo wake ndi maganizo okongola ndi thupi kwambiri. Zonsezi chingapezeke mwa zonse kuphunzira ndi kuwongolera. Cholinga chachikulu cha anthu anali kulenga munthu wachilengedwe amene Chili ukulu ozindikira ndipo thupi.

The wachiŵiri malemba wakale ndi kuyambitsa yosindikiza democratized kuphunzira n'kulola kufalitsa malingaliro msanga. Mu Kubadwa Kwatsopano oyambirira, makamaka chitukuko cha ali zaumunthu. Komabe ntchito Nikolaya Kuzanskogo (1450) yapitayi kaonedwe heliocentrically Copernicus kuika kumlingo kuyambira sayansi. Komabe, sayansi ndi luso la Kubadwa Kwatsopano (monga chilango a) ankawaona kwambiri pa chiyambi cha chi. A chitsanzo chapadera cha ichi - inde kwambiri Leonardo da Vinci, amene ndi zojambulajambula kwambiri, izo ndiye tate wa sayansi yamakono.