The umunthu wa Kubadwa Kwatsopano

Ndi pakati pa XIV atumwi ku Europe pali latsopano nthanthi azimuth - umunthu, omwe amalembedwa nyengo yatsopano mu chitukuko cha anthu otchedwa Kubadwa Kwatsopano. Ulaya panthawi imeneyo anali pansi pa katundu wolemetsa wa kachipembedzo tsankho, lingaliro lirilonse ufulu kuponderezedwa mwankhanza. Inali pa nthawi imeneyo ku Florence, ndipo anabadwira chiphunzitso nthanthi amene anapanga kuyang'ana korona wa chilengedwe cha Mulungu m'njira yatsopano.

The umunthu wa Kubadwa Kwatsopano - ndi akonzedwa zokambirana, kuimira munthu woganiza, amene simungakhoze basi kupita ndi otaya, komanso luso kukana zinthu paokha. cholinga chake chachikulu ndi chidwi aliyense payekha, chikhulupiriro luso lake mwauzimu ndiponso mwakuthupi. Kuti umunthu wa Kubadwa Kwatsopano ankalengeza mfundo zina za mapangidwe umunthu. Munthu chiphunzitso zikufotokozedwa monga mlengi, ndi munthu osati kungochita maganizo ndiponso zochita zawo.

A latsopano nzeru zaumunthu malangizo unatenga maziko akale chikhalidwe, luso ndi mabuku, kuika pa chibadidwe cha uzimu wa munthu. Mu Middle Ages, sayansi ndi chikhalidwe anali wapadera wa mpingo, umene monyinyirika kwambiri nawo nzeru ndi bwino. The umunthu wa Kubadwa Kwatsopano anatsegula nsalu yotchinga. Choyamba mu Italy ndi Kenako ku Ulaya anayamba kupanga mayunivesite, amene pamodzi ndi sayansi theosophical, ndipo anayamba kuphunzira nkhani yakale: masamu, thunthu, nyimbo ndi zaumunthu.

The humanists wotchuka wa ku Italy Kubadwa Kwatsopano ndi: Pico Della Mirandola, Dante Alighieri, Dzhovanni Bokkachcho, Franchesko Petrarka, Leonardo da Vinci, Rafael Santi ndi Mikelandzhelo Buanarotti. England anapereka zimphona dziko monga Vilyam Shekspir, Frensis Bekon. France anapereka ndi Michel de A Montaigne ndi Fransua Rable, Spain - Miguel de Cervantes, ndi Germany - Erasmus, Albrehta Dyurera ndi Ulrich Von Hutten. Asayansi aakulu awa, aphunzitsi, akatswiri a zojambulajambula nthawi anatembenuka malingaliro ndi chikumbumtima cha anthu ndipo anasonyeza munthu wololera, munthu wokongola ndi maganizo. Ndi iwo amene amalamulidwa mibadwo yonse wotsatira wa mwayi anapereka kuyang'ana pa dziko mosiyana.

The umunthu wa Kubadwa Kwatsopano anatsogolera zonse makhalidwe wogwidwa ndi munthu, ndipo anasonyeza kuti n'zotheka chitukuko munthu (yekha kapena ndi thandizo la akuthandizeni).

Anthropocentric umunthu isiyana ndi munthu, malinga kukuchititsa zimenezi pakatikati pa thambo ndi zonse zimene zili padziko, timutumikire. Akhristu ambiri, zida ndi chiphunzitso ichi, analengeza chilengedwe cha munthu apamwamba, ndi kutenga izo, ndi kulemera chachikulu cha udindo. Anthropocentrism ndi umunthu wa Kubadwa Kwatsopano kwambiri amasiyana mzake, choncho tiyenera kukhala wokhoza bwino kusiyanitsa mfundo izi. Antropotsentrist - munthu amene ndi ogula. Iye akukhulupirira kuti onse anali chinachake, palibe cholakwika ntchito ndi sakuganiza za kuwonongeka kwa zachilengedwe. Mfundo ake, lakuti: Anthu ali ndi ufulu kukhala ngati iye akufuna, ndi dziko lonse ayenera kumutumikira.

Anthropocentrism ndi umunthu wa Kubadwa Kwatsopano patapita ntchito ndi anthu ambiri anzeru ndi asayansi, monga Descartes, Leibniz, Locke, Hobbes ndi ena. matanthauzo awiri awa unatengedwa mobwerezabwereza kwa maziko pa sukulu zosiyanasiyana ndi mafunde. The umunthu zofunika kwambiri, ndithudi, mibadwo yonse ya m'tsogolo anakhala mu Kubadwa Kwatsopano anafesa mbewu za ubwino, kuunika ndi chifukwa kuti ife lero, patatha zaka zingapo, asamalira zofunika kwa munthu wololera. Ife, ana, kusangalala lero zinthu zofunika kwambiri mabuku ndi luso la Kubadwa Kwatsopano, ndi sayansi yamakono zachokera ziphunzitso zambiri ndiponso kutulukira, amene anayambitsa m'zaka za m'ma XIV ndipo zikuchitikabe lero. The umunthu wa Kubadwa Kwatsopano anayesera kupanga munthu wabwino kumuphunzitsa kulemekeza okha ndi ena, ndi ntchito yathu - athe kusunga ndi kuonjezera bwino mfundo zake.