Chithunzicho Karl Bryullov: yonena, moyo, ntchito

Karl Pavlovich Bryullov (1799 - 1852) - Velikiy Karl - ngakhale pa moyo wake ankatchedwa m'nthawi ya zojambulajambula a. dzina lake linaikidwa pa ndime ndi mayina a bwino chithunzi amisiri wa Flanders. Ndipo Mfumu Nicholas ndinadza kuzizwa ngati munthu wina wa ntchito wake, amene anam'patsa mphete ndi mwala.

mizu French

Occupation ojambula zithunzi Bryullo banja anali cholowa: yemwe anali agogo ake, komanso agogo bambo - onse mu msonkhano munali aluso. Atate, academician ndi pulofesa anali mphunzitsi wa ana awo. Mayi wa zojambulajambula m'tsogolo dzina lake buthulo Schröder, kubwera ku banja Russified German.

Zaka phunziro (1809 - 1821)

Kwa zaka khumi ndi ziwiri, iye anaphunzira pa Academy Karl Bryullov. Wambiri mwa iye zaka izi, chifukwa talente wapadera ndi phunziro lalikulu kunyumba, kusanduka kuposa bwino: iye anaima pakati m'kalasi. Maphunziro ndi mfundo za a classicism. The ndondomeko ya kafukufuku, tsopano anataya, anali sizisintha. Ndi kujambula Pazionetserozo pambuyo mndandanda wa magawo yaitali maphunziro: kutengera yoyambirira yeniyeni (adakali lifes ndi chithunzi nyimbo), kujambula kwa amatulutsa pulasitala, ndiye - mannequins chinsalu mu "anthu".

Karl zonse kuyenda patsogolo pa anzawo. Mnyamata amakondadi classicism, amene anali subordinated ku abwino kwenikweni, pamene panalibe zipolowe chipinda ndi wopanikiza dziko. Koma moyo ndi zikhumbo zake zandale ndi chilengedwe chokongola wamoyo ali atalanda dziko la idealist ndi. Ndipo mu filimu yake yoyamba "Narcissus" (1819) iye anachoka chimango makonzedwe amene akhazikitsidwa ndi Academy. Ndipo mpikisano chithunzi chimene iye anachita mogwirizana ndi malamulo onse, Bryullov analandira n'kulandira mendulo ya golidi.

Ulendo kwa Italy

Posachedwapa analenga Society kwa Olimbikitsa a ojambula amatumiza abale awiri, Charles ndi Alexander, ku Roma. Pano pali chithunzi cha Aleksandra Bryullova pa zaka zimenezo. Iye sanali kokha okongola, koma ali ndi mphamvu kwambiri zojambula ndi zomangamanga. Mu St. Petersburg, anamanga nyumba ya Pulkovo Observatory ndi kupitirira. Izi ulendo woyamba ku dziko limene m'mlengalenga lonse ladzala ndi luso ndi kukongola, adzapita pansi abale moyo. Panthawi imeneyi, chigamulocho ndi Mfumu Russified dzina lawo ndi tsopano akukhala Bryullo ndi katswiri. Padakali pano, pa msewu, Karl Bryullov, yonena zomwe zimamuthandiza msonkhano ndi luso Gothic, ndipo ntchito za Titian, anadabwa ndiponso imakhumbira iwo. Koma m'kupita kwa lingaliro la romanticism, amene Russian sanayambebe kudziwika, anayamba nkhawa izi.

Florence ndipo potsiriza Rome kwathunthu kuyembekezera ndi chidwi chithunzicho wamng'ono. Koposa zonse, iye amalemekezedwa Raphael ndi Leonardo, koma ananenanso kuti zipolowe mu dziko. Zimapsa kumasulidwa kuyenda. Ufulu - ndicho chimene amakopa anthu onse a dziko. Ngakhale chithunzi chimodzi pa nthawi ino Bryullov sanathe kumaliza - mutu si woyenera mu dongosolo coherent zonse zimene amaona. Koma amapanga pafupifupi 120 zithunzi. zitsanzo zake zonse, popanda yekha, wokongola. Mwachitsanzo, "Chithunzicho wa EP Gagarina ana Eugene, Leo ndi Teofilo "(1824). Kale ntchito imeneyi oyambirira Tingaone ndi waluntha colorist mphatso ndi luso lomwe n'kumupatsa Academy. Izi wapamtima banja chithunzi cha banja limene chithunzicho chinali mnzanu, nthawi yomweyo amatichititsa chisoni. M'zaka zimenezi, kukhala zojambulajambula wotchuka, kulandira malangizo ambiri, Karl Bryullov, amene yonena zimapangitsa kukhota latsopano, akuswa ndi Society kwa Olimbikitsa aluso ndi kuyamba kulemba kudziletsa kuphunzira. Iye ali ndi ufulu wosankha nthawi, iye akhoza kulenga mankhwala atsopano ndi agulitse. Katswiri linalandira ufulu.

Ofunda chithunzi (1832)

Izi mnzake chithunzi-kupenta, amene akuimira Giovannini ndi Amatsiliyu Pachchini. Amadziwika ngati kupenta "Wokwera". Italy yomweyo anayamba kulankhula za mnyamata Russian zojambulajambula. Yolimbikitsa otsutsa Italy touted mu filimu onse - ndi virtuosity amene kwalembedwa, wosakhwima ndi wolemera phale. Anawapha. mwa chisomo zachilengedwe kayendedwe ndi kugwedeza, ungwiro pulasitiki. Ambiri a iwo adakhulupirira kuti kupenta "Wokwera" ikusonyezedwa mwapang'ono. Movement dongosolo pa kavalo wakuda othamanga, koma iwo ali oyenera ndi wapadera chifukwa cha dongosolo compositional. Chithunzi Giovannini, molimba atakhala sidesaddle, ndi cholinga cha wojambula amene chidwi ukulu wake regal, luso kupirira restive kavalo kuti simungapeze atatha kukayenda ndi amakwera miyendo yakumbuyo. Khwangwala bafuta kavalo ndi woyera fluffy chitsanzo siketi mpweya, amene ataya pleats kaso, zosiyana. Wofatsa ndi wolimba zovala mtundu Giovannini ndi Amalitsii kuti pa khonde ndi kuzizwa akukumana wachisomo wokwera.

Dziko lonse ndi yokongola mbuye burashi. Little Amalitsiya lakonzedwa pofuna kusiyanitsa kudziletsa ndi kuletsa mlongo kavalo. Amalitsiya kuyang'ana pa Amazon zazikulu trustingly, achifundo, modabwa. Awiri agalu yaing'ono komanso anakumana wamng'ono wokondeka wokwera. Pa shaggy doggie kolala ndi mawu akuti "Samoilova", zinalembedwa Latin. The chithumwa cha unyamata, iye chikondi wolimba ndi kulimbika mtima kumene tiri kuona pa chithunzi ichi. N'kosatheka kuika pafupi ndi chithunzi cha zakazschitsy Y. Samoilova, amene wakhala anauzira zojambulajambula. Iye ndi zodabwitsa ndi woyenera apamwamba matamando Bryullova luso.

chithunzi mbiri

Limodzi ndi chilengedwe zithunzi, watercolors, ang'ono mitunda Italy Bryullov Karl, amene ntchito kuphatikiza zinthu chakale, Baroque ndi Kuzindikira, conceives mu 1827 chachikulu, chachikulu kupenta m'mbiri komanso mu 1830 ayamba kugwiritsa izo. chenicheni ndi wojambula anapita kukacheza ndi zofukulidwa ku Pompeii. Iye anadabwa mmene zotsalira za mzinda wakale zimasungika. Pompeii anali moyo, panalibe mavenda yekha mu masitolo, anthu amene amapita za malonda awo m'misewu, mupumule kunyumba kapena kukhala pubs.

Ganizo la kupenta "masiku otsiriza a Pompeii" Bryullov Karl aswa zaka zitatu. Nthawi imeneyi, kuwerenga kwambiri makalata kwa mboni. Aesthetics wa Romanticism, umene tsopano kudzazidwa ndi chithunzicho, zodalirika anafuna. Kumlingo kuti anakhudzidwa ndi ubwenzi ndi wolemba Pachchini, amene analemba za zisudzo "masiku otsiriza a Pompeii." Bryullov Karl adabva, ndipo iye anapeleka chakudya cha ganizo ndi kuganiza. Komanso, iye amalambira Raphael anauziridwa ndi Mipikisano maonekedwe ake Zojambula pakhoma mu Vatican. Pulasitiki ya zilembo wake, kayendedwe ka gulu la manja kuyenda ndi osiyanasiyana - sukulu ya Raphael. Komabe, mtundu umene ntchito, wa zojambula podcherpnet mu kuchuluka kwa mtundu wa Titian. Amalima mtundu wapadera wa akazi - amphamvu, amphamvu, mokhudza ndi modabwitsa wokongola. imasonkhezera wake unali wotchuka Samoilova Yu, amene maonekedwe mu chithunzi analemba katatu.

tsiku tsoka

Ukulu wa nthawi fateful wa zimaonekera pa nsalu ya. Lotsiriza lino zoopsa wakuda yofiira tsiku. Izo zinali zonse mu malawi a moto, pakubwezeretsa mu wakuda phulusa, chinapokosera nyumba kuti kugwa, kulira chifukwa ngozi thandizo mkokomo anthu kuti milungu yao anatumiza kuteteza. Inde okha milungu yawo kugwa, sangathe kubala mkwiyo wa dziko lapansi ndi phiri oopsa. Mu Pachithunzipa, ndi mayi kukumbatirana aakazi awiri ndipo mantha kuona kuti chitetezo cha paliponse kudikira yaitali. milungu yawo anakomoka. Ana pafupi ndi bambo wokalamba, ndi mnyamata wagwa zogwiriziza mkwatibwi. Kenako kavalo mantha sanafune kumvera wokwera wake. Chirichonse chiri mu zoyenda chipwirikiti. Only wojambula bata. Iye akufuna muyaya kumbukirani mitundu awa ndi kayendedwe. Mlengi - mboni, amene chikumbukiro adzatsala wamagazi mapeto a usiku.

Chiwerengerochi basi sculpted. Koma palibe amene amakhulupirira kuti ndi mphindi womaliza fateful. Koma milungu auspicious anawaitana limeneli, eerie kuona. Anthu kumwa chikho wodzaza mavuto amene iwo anatumizidwa. Katswiri wovala mooneka tingachipeze powerenga za mmene zimakhalira kwa anthu pa cipangizo. Onse mithunzi ya anafotokoza mwa chithunzicho - ndi romanticism koyera.

Kupambana Italy anali yaikulu kwambiri. Koma Paris Sanayamikire ntchito imeneyi, koma Russia anakumana ndi mitundu zouluka kupenta izi. Iwo anayankha ndipo Pushkin ndi E. Baratynsky. Gogol, Zhukovsky, Lermontov, Belinsky, Kiichelbecker - onse kwambiri amayamikira ntchito imeneyi. Ndipo chionetserocho anapita kwa anthu - okhala m'tauni, osema, amisiri, amalonda. Ndipo Mfumu Nicholas Ine pa omvetsera munthu, kuonedwa pambuyo pake, zojambulajambula mutu korona wa mlombwa wreath.

Homecoming

Atalenga zojambula zazikulu pempho la Mfumu Nicholas Ine, chithunzicho Karl Bryullov, kuyendera Greece, Konstantinopl ndi Moscow, anabwerera St. Petersburg. Koma msewu umene anadwala, ndi kubwerera kwa anakokera kwa pafupifupi zaka zitatu. njira chithunzicho ntchito. Choncho iye analemba mu 1835 chithunzi cha wachiwiri-asilikali VA Kornilov, ndi ngwazi tsogolo la Crimea nkhondo. Bryullov anatha kuona chikhalidwe cha zitsanzo zawo. Tsopano iye mwachibadwa anasankha munthu amunamuna. Lang'anani, mu Moscow anali mu 1835. Pali anapanga womdziwa ndi AS Pushkin ndi V. Tropinin, portraitist athu odziwika, amene anatuluka mpanda wolimba kwambiri. ojambula zithunzi ziwiri anayamikira matalente wina ndi mzake ndi abwenzi amphamvu.

Mu St. Petersburg (1836 - 1849)

Panthawi imeneyi kuphunzira pa Academy ndipo analemba zithunzi zambiri. Ife tikudziwa iye ntchito NV Puppeteer, VA Zhukovsky, IA Krylov - onse m'nthawi Karla Bryullova. zithunzi zawo wojambula akulemba. Kodi mafanizo kuti "Svetlana" VA Zhukovsky. Large zojambula mbiri sapeka zambiri Bryullov Karl. Ntchito ndi zina zomwe a nthawi yomalizira ya moyo bodza m'munda wa portraiture. Nestor Kukolnik - munthu amene wojambula wokondedwa ndi ankaona ake bwenzi lapamtima, ngakhale mu chithunzi sangosonyeza makhalidwe ake abwino kwambiri chithunzicho adzatha kuyang'ana mu dziko mumtima mwake. chitsanzo wake walukidwa zotsutsana ndi mawunikidwe. Achikondi katswiri kunditumiza ku chinsalu m'mlengalenga okayikira ndi kusokeretsedwa - ndi zeitgeist. Moyo otsimikiza tchuthi Bryullova wapita. Mu chithunzi, tiona kuti n'zovuta kusonyeza m'mawu, ndi zotsutsana, ndiwo wa chibadidwe ndi chilengedwe cha puppeteer lapansi. Iwo ndi manyazi, ndi swagger, ndi ena olamulirawo. Lachitsanzo zikuwoneka mwachindunji wowerenga, koma zimakwana akufunitsitsa tizivutika ndi stagnation. Moyo anatseka mpanda wake. Zikuchokera bata okha player zimapangitsa zazikulu kuwala bongo ndi mavuto.

ukwati

Mu 1838, Karl Pavlovich Bryullov anakumana ndi chaka chotsatira anakwatira Emily Timm. Patatha mwezi umodzi ndi moyo anzake a akazi ndi sikunali kotheka. Kenakonso Kuthi yaitali chilekano. Karl Bryullov, amene yonena kotero zikuchepa fluctuated, anakanidwa ndi anthu a. Chomutonthoza anali kukumana ndi Yuliey Samoylovoy, amene anabwera kuchokera ku Italy milandu zokhudzana ndi cholowa. Pakuti yekha, analemba wake chithunzi ofunda. Iye amaona mkazi wabwino kwambiri, woyenera malo pa olankhulira. Karl Pavlovich Bryullov kachiwiri kutsitsimuka, amayimba munthu wodabwitsa. Mphamvu ya mzimu wa wotchuka limapezeka ndi kunja yaikulu mizati ndi draperies, ambiri kuumbidwa zidutswa Samoilova, lomwe limapezeka pamaso pa omvetsera, ngati wokongola yakale yoyendera chosema. chithunzicho kamodzinso akuona kukongola ndi mphamvu yauzimu. M'dziko masquerade Samoilova waponya chigoba ndiponso anasonyeza dziko munthu ufulu.

Karl Bryullov: wosadziletsa chithunzi (1848)

Ntchito pa zojambula wa Cathedral St. Isake, limene mpaka pano tikukonza, Bryullov mwakayakaya. Iye ali ndi vuto la misempha, amene anapereka mavuto mtima. Iye wadzikakamiza bedi zina ndi lopuma. Communication zochepa osachepera - izo anachezeredwa yekha ndi madokotala. Ndipo tsopano, wazaka zapakati zojambulajambula, posakhalitsa makumi asanu, pambuyo matenda, pamene Otlezhal nokha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, kuyang'ana pa iwo wokha pa galasi ndi wosasangalala. Iye ali ofooka, akuti kaimidwe wake omasuka, mkono, limene mitsempha oumbidwa, atapachikidwa ima. Koma ena sali pano. pachithunzipa anafotokoza moyo. Nsidze ndi kuchepetsedwa, creases ndi makwinya pakati amasonyeza ntchito exacerbations maganizo. Kusintha kwa ndale motani dziko, iwo akuphonya, ndi wojambula, kodi mukuganiza kuti ukupita njira yolakwika. Iye ndi wamphamvu otopa ndi anthu wolemekezeka ndi odzikweza. Mkulu mphamvu ya mzimu wake, amakakamizidwa odzichepetsa. kukhumudwa zonse zimaonekera kudziona chithunzi. Iye anaona pagalasi yekha osati m'badwo wake onse.

Zilandiridwenso Karl Briullov

Zaka zomalizira za moyo wake (1849 - 1852) pa malangizo a madotolo Brullov kugwira kunja. Iye woyesedwa pachilumba cha Madeira, ndipo kenako anasamukira ku Italy. Iye akukhala banja kucheza Garibaldi. Ganizo kulimbana ufulu wa mmisiri kunyamulidwa. Iye kachiwiri, ngakhale kulephera mtima, ntchito yambiri. malamulo maphunziro sidelined. Changu chinasesa dziko, akuwonetseredwa mu chithunzi cha Juliette Tittoni, chomwe chili pa zida. Izi Italyanskaya Zhanna wa Arc.

chithunzicho amalenga zikutipatsa zithunzi za kumenyana ku Italy. Anapezanso chikhulupiriro mwa iwo okha ndi mphamvu zawo. Koma sadziwa pang'ono nthawi adzamasulidwa. Atapita njira yaitali kuti angakokere academicism unyamata wake ndi kupita ku chikondi maganizo a dzikoli ndi apadera wosangalala kukongola, ndi Patapita zaka, mwatsala Kuzindikira, Karl Bryullov Mwachidule, kupanga zojambula Russian zodabwitsa mkulu, makamaka m'munda wa portraiture, iye analibe kuwulula kulenga awo kuthekera.

Iye anakana mtima, ndipo iye anafa mu usiku kutsamwa. Russian namatetule m'manda ku Italy, m'mudzi wina waung'ono pafupi Rome, mu manda Chiprotestanti. Mu ichi 1852, Russia anataya VA Zhukovsky, NV Gogol, wophunzira bwino Bryullova Fedotov.

N'kotheka, nkhani anafotokoza zojambula Karla Bryullova. analenga kulankhula nafe chinenero yowala ndi mwaukhondo. Lowetsani dziko analengedwa ndi zojambula, ndipo enchant mumakonda ndi kukongola, amene anali kutamanda mbuye.