Erik Satie: namatetule kapena wamisala?

Mmodzi wa Oimba Chodabwitsa kwambiri ndi maganizo a mbiri ya nyimbo amati Erik Satie. Wambiri ya Wolemba ladzala ndi mfundo, pamene iye akanakhoza kudabwitsa anzake ndi admirers, choyamba mwaukali kuteteza neno limodzi, kenako atakana ntchito yawo ongolankhula. Mu zaka 90 za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, Erik Satie anakumana ndi Karlom Debyussi wosakana zotsatirazi kulenga opaleshoni nthawi ya Richard Wagner - iye analimbikitsa thandizo yekha aswa impressionism mu nyimbo, chifukwa icho chinali chiyambi cha kubadwanso kwa luso dziko la France. Kenako, wolemba Erik Satie anali yogwira mkanganowo ndi akutsanza a Impressionism kalembedwe. Mu prtivoves ephemerality kukongola adamuukitsa momveka, cholinga ndi liniya kuti kalembedwe.

Satie anali kusokoneza kwambiri Oimba amene anapanga otchedwa "zisanu ndi chimodzi". Iye anali wosakhazikika kupanduka amene anayesa kutsutsa chito mu malingaliro a anthu. Asogolera khamu la otsatira amene ankakonda nkhondo Satie ndi philistinism mfundo zake molimba luso ndi nyimbo makamaka.

zaka zoyambirira

Erik Satie anabadwa mu 1866. bambo ake ankagwira ntchito doko wogula. Ngakhale ku m'badwo woyambirira achinyamata Eric ankawakonda nyimbo ndipo anasonyeza zina zochititsa chidwi, koma popeza palibe wina pafupi sanachite music, zimenezi akhala ananyalanyaza. Only mu m'badwo wa 12, pamene banja adanyerezera kusanduza malo awo okhala mu Paris, Eric anali analemekeza maphunziro zonse nyimbo. Pa khumi, Erik Satie analowa inali ku Paris. Anaphunzira zovuta nkhani ongolankhula, mwa amene anali mogwirizana. Iye anaphunzira limba. Maphunziro inali ndi sunawakhutitse inde m'tsogolo. Iye chitaya phunziro ndipo zipita asilikali mongodzipereka.

Patapita chaka chimodzi, Eric anabwerera ku Paris. Iye amagwira ganyu mu cafe laling'ono monga limba ndi. Mu umodzi mwa mabungwe amenewa mu Montmartre, ndipo panali msonkhano fateful ndi Karlom Debyussi, amene anachita chidwi ndi chidwi ndi kusankha osaka harmonies yosavuta, mwakuwoneka mavutowo wamng'ono woyimba. Debussy ngakhale adaganiza zolenga munthu orchestration kwa limba mkombero Satie - "Gymnopédies". Oimba panopa ndi mabwenzi. maganizo awo mochuluka kwambiri kwa wina ndi mzake, zomwe zingachititse Debussy Satie kuchokera changu chake achinyamata nyimbo ya Wagner.

Kusamukira ku Arkay

Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi Sati masamba Paris mu mzinda wa Arcueil. Iye anatenga wotchipa chipinda pamwamba pang'ono pa Cafe kakang'ono ndipo anasiya aliyense kuyamba. Ngakhale mabwenzi apamtima sukanakhoza kubwereranso. Chifukwa cha ichi, Sati analitcha "Arkeysky kudzipatula." Iye anakhala yekha, sanaone kufunika mu misonkhano ndi ofalitsa sanatenge lalikulu ndi opindulitsa malamulo a zisudzowo. Nthawi anaonekera mu mabwalo yapamwamba ya Paris, akupereka ntchito atsopano nyimbo. Ndipo pambuyo mzinda wonsewo ankafotokoza ichi, Sati mobwerezabwereza nthabwala, mawu ake ndi kuopsa kwa otchuka zoimbira za nthawi, ndi za luso ambiri.

Twentieth Century Satie akukumana kuphunzira. Kuyambira 1905 mpaka 1908, pamene anali ndi zaka 39, Erik Satie kusukulu Schola cantorum. Iye anaphunzira kapangidwe counterpoint ndi A. Roussel ndi O. Sere. nyimbo oyambirira Erik Satie kunayamba cha m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, ndi 80-90-ntchentche. Izi ndi "Misa ya wosauka" chifukwa kwaya ndi limba, limba mkombero "Cold Play" ndi wotchuka "Gymnopédies".

Cooperation ndi Cocteau. Ballet "perete"

Kale mu 20s wa Sati limafalitsa kusankha zidutswa limba kuti ndi dongosolo la chilendo ndi dzina zachilendo: "khungu The akavalo", "Atatu Kalavani mu mawonekedwe a peyala ndi," "Zouma Mazirawo", "kufotokoza Makinawa". Pa nthawi yomweyo, iye analemba angapo limaonetseratu, kwambiri melodic nyimbo Waltz, zomwe zinachitika pa malingaliro onse. Mu 1915 Satie ankamuyembekezera msonkhano kwambiri ndi Jean Cocteau, Wolemba wina, ndakatulo ndi nyimbo wotsutsa. Mumtambowo pempholo kukhazikitsa, pamodzi ndi Picasso yotchuka kuvina kwa gululo Diaghilev a. Mu 1917, ana awo - ndi kuvina "perete" - linasindikizidwa.

Dala, mwadala accentuated primitivism kunyoza euphony music, kuwonjezera mlendo mphambu zikumveka ngati makina olembera kuti sirens ndi galimoto zina zinali chifukwa cha kutsutsidwa mokweza wa anthu ndi otsutsa kuukira, amene Komabe, sanaleke wolemba ndi anzake. Music kuvina "perete" anali zimene holo ya nyimbo, ndipo amajambulapo maluwa okongola amatikumbutsa nyimbo imene anaimba m'misewu.

Drama "Socrates"

Mu 1918 Satie analemba ntchito modabwitsa osiyana. Symphonic sewero ndi kuimba, "Socrates" lemba limene anali ngati dialogues choyambirira cha olemba Plato, adaletsa, loonekeratu, ngakhale wouma mtima. Ilibe frills ndi osangalatsa anthu. Ndi otsutsana a "perete", ngakhale pakati pa iwo padalembedwa chabe pa chaka. Kumapeto kwa "Socrates" Erik Satie analimbikitsa lingaliro la zipangizo, limodzi ndi nyimbo adzatumikira monga likhale zochitika tsiku ndi tsiku.

Zaka zomalizira za moyo wake

Kudzatsiriza moyo wanu otanganidwa Satie anakumana pamene tikukhala mu mzinda womwewo wa Paris. Iye sanali kukumana ndi wake anzanga, kuphatikizapo ndi "Six". Erik Satie anasonkhana kwa bwalo la analemba latsopano. Tsopano iwo ali kutchedwa "Arkeyskoy sukulu." Panali Cliquet-Pleyel, Corey, Yakobo, ndi wochititsa Dezormer. Oimba takambirana luso latsopano khalidwe la demokalase. Pa imfa ya Sati pafupifupi palibe akudziwa. Izi si anaphimba, sindikuyankhula za izo. Genius zinaonedwa. Only mu m'ma makumi awiri analinso ndi zaluso lake nyimbo zake ndi nzeru.