Chiyukireniya chombo ndi asayansi

Lero, amaganiza kuti poyamba Chiyukireniya cosmonaut Leonid ndi Kadeniuk. Ndipo zimenezi ngakhale kuti pakati pa amene kuyambira chiyambi cha 60s ndipo mpaka kugwa Soviet Union anapita kanjira dziko lapansi, panali anthu ambiri otero kwambiri zokhudza Union Chiyukireniya Union.

P. R. Popovich (1930-2009)

Pavel Romanovich anabadwa October 5, 1930 m'tauni ya dera Uzin Kiev. Nkhondo itatha anasamukira Magnitogorsk. Ndi pa kafukufuku ndi alongo ukuuluka club ndi usilikali School Aviation mu 1960, anali analembedwa cosmonaut Corps. zaka 2 kenako anaulukira kwa kanjira dziko lapansi pafupifupi 3 masiku, amene analinso woyamba danga ntchito, zomwe nthawi yomweyo zombo ziwiri ankagwira. zinachitikira anali bwino, amene apitiriza kugwira ntchito zovuta kwambiri mu kanjira otsika. Choncho, akhoza amanena kuti poyamba Chiyukireniya wokayenda pamwezi ndi Popovic P. R.

Mu 1974, Pavel Romanovich anapanga chachiwiri danga ndege, ndipo iye anali mmodzi mwa apainiyawo chifukwa anali ndege yoyamba siteshoni danga, kumene, pansi pa utsogoleri wake, oyendetsa imachitika kuzipenya ambiri ndi zatsopano. Wokayenda pamwezi kawiri kupereka mutu Hero ndi mphoto zina, kuphatikizapo anthu achilendo. Komanso, mu 2005 anali kupereka dongosolo la Yaroslav Ngwanzeru zakuya za digiri 4 chopereka wake kwambiri kulimbitsa ndi chitukuko cha asapita Chiyukireniya-Russian.

GT gombe (1915-1995)

Mu mndandanda wa "opita Chiyukireniya" lofunika kwambiri dzina la woyendetsa Ace, amene anabadwa chaka cha mliri wa First World nkhondo, m'chigawo Poltava. Iye woyamba wa oyendetsa onse anakhala Knight a Order "Golden Star" ndipo linapereka mutu Hero wa Soviet Union pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World. Mu 1963, Coast anasankhidwa mu kumuwombera analamula chombo m'tsogolo maphunziro.

Patapita nthawi, iye anauzidwa kuti inali nthawi ya ndege, chomwe ndi kuchita usana ndi usiku pa kupitiriza nthawi yaitali. kuwuluka Kwake koyamba mu Space Coast wapanga Roketi "Soyuz-3". Kutalika kwa ulendo inali pafupi 4 maola.

GS Shonin (1935-1997)

George S. ndi mbadwa ya dera Lugansk. Mu 1960 iye anali m'gulu la detachment wa opita Soviet, ndi ndege koyamba mu October 1969, pamodzi ndi V. Kubasov. Pa ndege mayesero anawatengera njira ya chitsulo kuwotcherera mu zikhalidwe za weightlessness. Cosmonaut ndi mlembi "The woyamba kwambiri" ndipo "Memory Mtima '.

V. A. Lyahov

Cosmonaut anabadwa mu 1941 mu Anthracite dera Lugansk. The ndege yoyamba mu kanjira Kutalika kwa masiku 175 anapanga 1979th. Anachita zatsopano 50 pa kulima ndi timibulu weightlessness umodzi zipangizo michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi, komanso chilengedwe cha mankhwala atsopano zitsulo ndi kasakaniza wazitsulo.

Kachiwiri anali mu malo mu 1983, pamodzi ndi A. P. Aleksandrovym. Panthawi imeneyi "palibe" padziko lapansi kwa masiku 149. Mu 1988, nthawi yachitatu unayambitsidwa mu kanjira kazembe wa "Soyuz TM-6". Mu mlungu anagwira gulu siteshoni danga "Mir".

L. D. Kizim (b. 1941)

Mu opita Chiyukireniya Leonid Denisovich inali ndi udindo wapadera, monga nthawi okwana anakhala ndi iwo pa kanjira dziko lapansi chifukwa 3 ndege ya miyezi yoposa 24. Mu 1996 iye anali kupereka dongosolo la Ubwenzi chopereka zazikulu bwinobwino siteji 1 mgwirizano Russian-American pa pulogalamu "Mir-Olumikiza".

L. I. Popov

Leonid anabadwa mu 1945 mu Kirovohrad Oblast, Chiyukireniya SSR. cosmonaut anali analembetsa 1970th a. Iye anapanga ndege atatu mu kanjira. Mu 1982 iye anali kupereka State Prize la SSR Chiyukireniya.

V. V. Vasyutin

Chiyukireniya opita m'nthawi ya Soviet Union anthu amene ali otentheka okhulupirika kwa ntchito, okonzekera chilichonse makamaka. Mwa iwo Vladimir Vladimirovich ndi Vasjutin. Iye anabadwa mu March 1952 ku Kharkov, Chiyukireniya SSR. Iye analembetsa cosmonaut mu 1976. Iye anatenga ndege mu September 1985, pamodzi ndi G. Grechko ndi Alexander Volkov. Mwamwayi, chifukwa choopa kuchotsedwa kwa ndege, ukhadabisa iye amene amadwala matenda Urological Anaphwanya malangizo.

Kamodzi mu kanjira, Vasjutin posachedwapa anadwala anakakamizika kuvomereza kuti anthu adalira. Chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa thanzi lake ndegeyo amayenera kulekeza kubwerera adalira Padziko Lapansi. Chifukwa cha ulendo wa anakhumudwitsidwa. Komabe Vasjutin anali kupereka angapo mendulo. Iye anafa ndi matenda aakulu ndi protracted mu 2002.

Anatoly Pavlovich Artsebarsky

Ambiri Chiyukireniya ndi chombo mu mlengalenga, asayansi anapanga zopereka kwambiri kutukula nzeru za anthu za mwayi wa kufufuza malo kupitirira lathuli. Mwa iwo Anatoly Pavlovich Artsebarsky. Iye anabadwa mu 1956 ku Ukraine, m'mudzi waung'ono wa mapira, yomwe inali mu dera Dnipropetrovsk.

Iye anali m'gulu la detachment ngati mayesero cosmonaut. Mu 1991 anapanga mlengalenga ndege ndi S. Krikalev ndi wokayenda pamwezi ku UK H. Scharmann. Pa sitima 6 anagwira EVAs maola oposa 32. Iye anali kupereka mutu Hero wa Soviet Union.

Woyamba Chiyukireniya cosmonaut Leonid Kadeniuk

Chiyukireniya wokayenda pamwezi anabadwa mu 1951 mu dera Chernivtsi, m'mudzi wa Klishkovichi. Mu 1976 iye analandira mu cosmonaut Soviet mabungwe ake kanali kofunika maphunziro ndege. Komabe, kutenga mbali kukaona ku siteshoni "Soyuz", anali alephera. Chinthu ndi kuti Chiyukireniya cosmonaut Kadeniuk analekana ndi mkazi wake kuti nyengo imeneyo ankaona chiwonetsero cha madama ndipo anali atakwatirana ndi udindo wa mkulu wa kudzagonjetsa danga interplanetary.

Mu 1983, ngakhale achotsedwa cosmonaut Corps, koma mu 1988 iye ankakhulupirira anagwirizana tithe wake ndipo anayamba kukonza kuuluka mu danga pa mtundu watsopano wa shuttles, monga "Buran". Pasanapite nthawi zinadziwika kuti spacecraft zinakhazikitsa chodziwikiratu kupita pa kukaona m'tsogolo, ndipo zimenezi zinachititsa chakuti ntchito ntchitoyi inaima.

Cha m'ma 90s Kadeniuk analandira atamuitana ku boma la wodziimira Chiyukireniya Republic kuyamba nzika za dziko limene iye anabadwa. Patatha izi, izo anaphatikiza m'gulu, umene posachedwapa anapita ku US maphunziro ndege pa pulogalamu NASA. Mu November 1997, Kadeniuk potsiriza anapanga mlengalenga ndege ngalawa "Columbia". Pa maulendowa anali kuchita umboni. The ndege unatha pafupi theka mwezi. Atamaliza maphunziro ake Kadeniuk anabwerera kwawo ndipo anayamba kugwira ntchito mu NSA a Ukraine, pamene kupitiriza analembetsa NASA wokayenda pamwezi.

Ni Adamchuck-Chala

Mukamalankhula za nkhaniyo ndi Chiyukireniya opita Masiku ano, onetsetsani kuti Atchule dzina la akatswiri a. Hope Adamchuck-Chala anabadwa mu 1970 ku Kiev. Mu 1996, iwo anali m'gulu gulu Ukraine chombo anasankha ndege maphunziro pa American "Space Olumikiza".

mkaziyo ali bwinobwino zapita ntchito onse njira ndi maphunziro ndipo analandira ziyeneretso yoyenera. Komabe, mpaka tsopano alephera kupanga spaceflight umodzi. Pa nthawi imeneyi Adamchuck-Chala ntchito pa Institute of zomera. N. Cold National Academy of Sciences. Ndi kukonzekera mayesero, amene adzapitiriza ikuchitika pa siteshoni danga. Mu 2003, iye anali kupereka mphoto ya Pulezidenti wa Ukraine.

Valentin Bondarenko

Tsoka la Chiyukireniya opita nyengo Soviet sanali osangalala. Choyamba izo nkhawa Valentin Bondarenko. Iye anabadwa mu 1937 mu mzinda Ukraine Kharkov. Mu 1960 anasankhidwa bwino 1 kumuwombera opita. Mwina chifukwa chakuti iye anali wamng'ono wa mamembala ake, iye sanapeze wotchuka "pamwamba isanu". mayesero ake anali kuyamba m'ma March 1961. Pa tsiku 10 pokonzekera surdobarokamere amene, monga amadziwika, analeredwa misinkhu mpweya, Valentine analola kuchotsa masensa zachipatala. Iye akufuna pakani pa khungu ndi ubweya thonje, poyamba ankawaviika mowa, kenako kuponya mu zinyalala ndi.

Komabe, ubweya, zouluka zapitazi, anagunda koyilo magetsi, kuchititsa moto unabuka mu chipinda. Lawi yomweyo kuphimba kamera, ndipo pomwepo anasamutsidwa ndi maphunziro suti wokayenda pamwezi. The dokotala ntchito sanathe yomweyo kutsegula womata khomo surdobarokamery. Pamene Bondarenko anatha kukhala kunja, mnyamatayo anali akadali sadziwa. Moyo wachinyamata, madokotala anamenyera maola 8, koma izo zinali mochedwa ndipo anafa lamoto mantha. Mu 1961, patangopita miyezi yochepa imfa, wokayenda pamwezi anali atamwalira kupereka dongosolo la Red Star.

GG Nelyubov

No zochepa momvetsa chisoni tsoka la izi ndi wokayenda pamwezi. Iye anabadwa m'chaka cha 1934 pa Crimea chilumba. Mu 1960, iye analinso anasankhidwa kuti gulu loyamba opita. Posachedwa kunapezeka kuti Nelyubov ndi imodzi yabwino, ndipo pali Mwina mkulu kuti adzakhala munthu woyamba amene anatera danga. Ndipo pamene zolinga aŵa Gagarin anasankhidwa, Neljubova yoikidwiratu Yuri kubwerera. Komabe, kuzindikira maloto ake ndi kuuluka mu danga analibe mwayi, chifukwa anasonyeza ndi matenda. Izo zinali kwa mnyamata wa vutoli, ndipo posakhalitsa chifukwa chophwanya mwadongosolo usilikali, iye anachotsedwa gulu danga. Kupulumuka, iye ankakhala. Mu 1966, anapezeka wosweka ndi mawilo a sitima yachangu.

Tsopano inu mukudziwa, Soviet ndi Chiyukireniya opita. Mayina awo ndi anthu ena kudziwa ndi kukumbukira pamene ntchito, pamodzi ndi chiopsezo chachikulu, timatha anthu kuyesetsa kuti m'tsogolo ndi kusangalala ndi zipatso za luso zakuthambo. Photo Chiyukireniya chombo, mukhoza kuona m'nkhani ino.