Akutukuka kumene zolengedwa zoyamwitsa wosabadwayo? makamaka nyama

Nyama (7 kalasi akuphunzira nkhaniyi mu gawo Zoology) kuphatikiza nyama zonse kudyetsa ana awo mkaka. Popeza ndi kalasi waukulu wa inakhala, pali classifications angapo mwa mgwirizanowu mwadongosolo. Mmodzi wa iwo zochokera kumene Ndisanaumbidwe zolengedwa zoyamwitsa akufotokozera. Funso tidzakhalanso tione mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhani ino.

mitundu zolengedwa zoyamwitsa

nyama zonse zimene nyama dioecious apamwamba. Ndi akazi, ndi amuna kuti wophatikizidwa gonads: thumba losunga mazira ndi testes, motero. Amatsegula outwards njira yapadera. Nyama zonse izi ndi khalidwe chabe la umuna mkati. Komabe, kuchokera pamene osauka zolengedwa zoyamwitsa Ndisanaumbidwe zimadalira mlingo wake zina chitukuko mapangidwe ndi.

ndi amene yinotheria

Zachilendo koma zoona: pali nyama kuti kuikira mazira. Iwo ali kutchedwa "yinotheria" ndi kupanga wagawo imodzi yokha - monotremes. Ndipo dzina choncho chifukwa nyama zimenezi ndi cloaca. Izi ndi khalidwe wosazindikira, khalidwe la chordates m'mbuyomu. The cloaca ndi kutsegula limodzi limene mankhwala amadziŵika kuwombola mkodzo, m'mimba ndi machitidwe ubereki.

Yinotheria ochepa kwambiri kuliwerenga, monga mitundu 6 okha. Zimapezekanso - Australia ndi zilumba pafupi. owayimilira ndi echidnas, platypus ndi mitundu ya Nyama Zodya Chiswe spiny. Iwo alibe nsonga zamabele ndi mkaka mwa ducts wa zopangitsa limasuka pamwamba pa khungu. Ana ndi kunyambita izo, kukhuta.

Ndithu zachilendo Maonekedwe a awa nyama. Echidna ndi zofanana kwambiri ndi hedgehog lalikulu. masingano yake yaitali ndi lakuthwa si kanthu koma kusinthidwa wa tsitsi wamba kuti nyama zonse. Pansipa iwo ndi wosanjikiza malaya wandiweyani. Ndipo pamene inu kuganizira kuti mbali kutsogolo kwa kuipanikiza ndi elongated mu Zikuluzikulu ndi miyendo ndi zikhadabu zakuthwa anaikira kukumba, echidna ndi chiyani kukumbutsa wosangalatsa yopanda nyama. akazi awo limadziwika ndi dzira limodzi. Mosamala adzausunga m'makwinya a khungu ili pa mbali ventral za thupi.

Platypus zikuwoneka yosiyana. Ndi mutu wake N'zosavuta kwa ndikuganiza kuti ali lonse ndi lathyathyathya mphuno. Pa zala anakonza kusambira Kakhungu, ndi mchira ali ndi mawonekedwe flattened, kumachita monga zipsepse. Platypus zimaswa mazira mu zisa, amene zigwirizane okha.

Izi nyama Subclass

La nyama ndi ofanana ndi kuti adzabereka moyo wamng'ono kamodzi, osati kuwaswa iwo, ngati mbalame. Iwo alibe cloaca, ndi ducts a m'mimba ndi ka uchembere wabwino ndi mkodzo kutsegula osiyana, madoko apadera. Malingana ndi kumene Ndisanaumbidwe zolengedwa zoyamwitsa zingachitike kusiyanitsa marsupials ndi placental nyama.

kumuwombera Marsupial

Ndi mmene anthu m'dzikoli Australia. Iwo yodziwika ndi chakuti malo osauka zolengedwa zoyamwitsa Ndisanaumbidwe (dzira), iwo kusiya mwamsanga. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti iwo kwathunthu akusoweka mbali ya latuluka. Chifukwa, achinyamata amabadwa mwana, kukula yaing'ono, ndipo sangathe a ufulu. Atabadwa nthawi zina iwo ali mu thumba khungu, komanso yomwe ili mbali ventral za thupi. Chinatseguka ndipo ducts wa zopangitsa za mammary.

khanda ndi ofooka ndi osowa thandizo kuti nthawi yoyamba simungathe ngakhale akuyamwitsa paokha. zopangitsa minofu zokha yafupika ndipo basi kulavula mkaka otentha mu kamwa waung'ono marsupial nyama. Oimira nyama zimenezi makamaka kangaroo. Iwo amatha kuyenda pa liwiro la 60 km / h.

Zofala mu Australia ndi marsupial chimbalangondo koalas ndi possums.

Placental momwe Ndisanaumbidwe zolengedwa zoyamwitsa akufotokozera

Chitukuko chachikulu, chotero Zafalikira dzikoli, anafika nyama, ndi chiberekero, amene amapangidwa pa mimba ya latuluka. Iwo chimalimbitsa mayi ndi mwana pa mimba. Pambuyo mapangidwe mitsempha imagwiridwa kupuma ndi kuwombola zatu. Motero, thupi tsogolo amaperekedwa ndi mawu onse ofunika ndi zinthu, ndipo khoma uterine zimatetezedwa ku zinthu chokhwima zachilengedwe. Atapeza mphamvu zokwanira kukhala nthawi yomweyo pambuyo pa kubadwa kwa yotheka ndipo patapita nthawi yochepa kupita ku moyo paokha. Kodi mwapang'onopang'ono khalidwe limeneli, akuti chiwerengero ndi malo a nyama lalikulu la thupi limenelo. Insectivores, mileme, makoswe, Lagomorphs, Artiodactyla ndi akavalo, carnivores, pinnipeds - uwu si mndandanda wa mayunitsi amene placental. Inde, ndi anyani, monga ano tione Homo sapiens, anafika zikomo ake chitukuko kukhalapo kwa Mbali zimenezi.

Makamaka nyama: ubwino ndi kuipa

Ndithudi, kukula kwa mwana wosabadwayo mu chiberekero kudzera nsengwa ndi njira langwiro kwambiri. Pa ake mapangidwe uterine khoma blastoderm mwamphamvu zinaphatikizidwa. The latuluka onse zinthu zimene thupi la mayi ali kusamutsidwa mu thupi la mwanayo. M'mimba sanachite kusintha kulikonse kutentha, kapena olanda. Mwachibadwa, oviparous muli ndi mwayi wochepa yabwino. Ichi ndi sizachilendo. Kumene, mazira muli wambiri zakudya ofunikira a mwana wosabadwayo lapansi. Koma iwo akhale zofunika nyama ya nyama zolusa. Ndipo poganizira kuti nambala pazipita mazira 3-4, n'zotheka kukhala opanda ana. marsupials Young amabadwa kwambiri underdeveloped. Mwachitsanzo, nthawi ya ndondomeko mimba possum sadzachitanso milungu iwiri. Mwachibadwa, mu nthawi yochepa ngati thupi zovuta alibe nthawi kuwafika siteji moyenera chitukuko.

Motero, kukula kwa nyama ndi zinthu zimene zingachititse kuti kuphatikiza iwo mu magulu atatu, omwe amakhazikitsa mbali anatengera mwini: monotremes, marsupials ndi placental.