Cottage Chekhov Gurzuf (chithunzi)

Chekhov ndi chilimwe kukakhala Gurzuf, amene zithunzi kukometsera atsogoleri ambiri ku Crimea, malo a Haji pakuti onse amene amasamalira mabuku Russian ndi chikhalidwe. Pitani kuyenera osachepera kuti amasirira thanthwe Pushkin ndi kulowa dzuwa.

Chekhov mu Crimea

Chekhov akhaafuna Moscow ndipo anakonda kukhala chapakati Russia. Komabe, mu chaka cha 1898, madokotala analangiza wolemba kusintha nyengo drier, chifukwa ndi nthawi anali ndi zaka eyiti anadwala TB.

Kupita ku Crimea, Yalta, Chekhov anagula malo amene anamanga awiri-storey nyumba, amene amatchedwa "kanyumba White." Mu 1899 iye anakhala kumeneko ndi mlongo wake ndi amake. Patapita miyezi sikisi, wolemba anazindikira kuti walakwa, chifukwa onse amene anabwera ku Crimea, ndipo anamva kuti ku Yalta Chekhov wamoyo, anaganiza kudzamuona. Poyamba, wotopa, ndipo kenako anayamba kuchoka yokha. Izi zikuonekera bwino ndi wolemba kalata kwa m'bale wake Alexander, imene analemba kuti m'malo zing'onozing'ono mu Crimea ndalama chawo, iye "anakwanitsa kumanga ndende."

Akugula nyumba Gurzuf

Mu 1900, Chekhov anayamba kukumana ndi Olgoy Leonardovnoy Knipper, amene anali katswiri wa zisudzo mu Moscow Art Theatre. Choncho anaganiza zogula nyumba yaing'ono pothawirapo kumene iye akanakhoza kuthawa chidwi zosasangalatsa anzanu admirers. Ndithu mwangozi, anaphunzira za malonda wa Chitata chilindo cha Gurzuf kwa ndalama zambiri m'masiku amenewo - 3000 rubles. Chekhov anabwera kunyumba kwathu, ndipo kwenikweni anaikonda, makamaka chifukwa cha kuona bwino kwambiri. Zimenezi n'zosadabwitsa, popeza Gurzufsky Bay akhala anakopeka ojambula zithunzi. Kwenikweni, anasolola H. Bidstrup, R. Kent, I. Aivazovsky, wophunzira wake marinist Mahtesyan, ndipo kenako - ngati ojambula odziwika kwa zaka za m'ma 20, monga zikwama, Kukryniksy, Bisti, ndi ena ambiri. Komanso, kuyambira ouziridwa Z, Mayakovskogo Michael Dudina, E. mosavuta, B. Chichibabina.

Mu kalata kwa mlongo wake Anton raved za kupeza awo, tingadziwe kuti tsopano banja lawo mwini "ofika yonse imene ngalawayo akhoza kukhala ...". Nyumbayo linali, m'mawu ake, lousy, koma inkakhala zipinda zinayi ndi khonde lalikulu.

mbiri Cottage A. P. Chehova Gurzuf

M'chaka cha 1900 alendo woyamba m'nyumba atsopano a wolemba anali mayi ake, mlongo Maria ndi banja la m'bale wake Ivan. Chinachake kenako O. L. Knipper mkazi wake, ndi Michael Chekhov ndi mkazi wake ndi ana. Nthawi zina anapita, ndi mkulu wake wa Anton Pavlovich - Alexander.

Mu August 1900 pa dacha mu Gurzuf kwa masiku angapo "opulumuka" ndi A. P. Chehov yekha. Adafuna panokha ntchito pa kachitidwe koyamba za "alongo atatuwo." Wolemba anayesa palibe wina atadziwa hideout wake, ndiye pafupifupi anzanga anapezeka chilimwe zogona pa moyo wake. Kuchotserapo anali kokha I. A. Bunin ndi Vera Komissarzhevskaya. Mu Gurzuf Anton anapereka wotchuka chithunzi wake wa Ammayi lolembedwa ndi. Koma Bunin, izo zinachitika pa Chekhov ndi chilimwe zogona mu 1900, ndipo m'chaka cha 1901.

Pansi chifuniro cha wolemba, analemba ndi August 3, 1901, malo mu Gurzuf pambuyo pa imfa yake anali kusamukira mkazi wake O. L. Knipper. Ankakonda nyumba iyi ndipo anakhala chaka pali chilimwe. Kupatulapo chinali chabe zaka nkhondo. Tikudziwanso kuti pa Civil nkhondo anapeza chitetezo kumeneko ojambula zithunzi 'Kachalovskaya magulu "amene anabwera kum'mwera kwa Russia. Kenako, alendo anali Gurzuf dacha S. Richter, I. Kozlovsky ndi O. N. Efremov.

Mugawo O. Knipper anabwera Moscow mu 1953, ndipo zaka 5 Pambuyo pake, iye anagulitsa Gurzuf dacha wojambula Meshkov. Izo zinali ndiye anagulidwa ndi Union of ojambula. Mu zaka za perestroika, pa njira imene O. Efremov nyumba kubwezeretsedwa mu mawonekedwe umene unali pa AP Chekhov.

kukhudzana

Museum wa Chekhov ndi chilimwe kukakhala Gurzuf kuyambira 1996. Alendo a kufotokoza ndi, wopangidwa mwa magawo awiri. Mu chimodzi mwa zipinda za nyumba mukhoza kuona katundu ndi zikalata za thupi Chekhov ndi O. L. Knipper, ndipo chachiwiri - ndi zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho wodzipereka kwa mbiri ya sewero wotchuka "Alongo atatu". Photos anapereka prototypes a zilembo zake, magazini a masamba a pamanja, ndi buku loyamba, ndipo Mabaibulo osiyana 1901.

Kuliganizira Alendo ndi zithunzi za kuyamba kwa kusewera mu Moscow Art Theatre mu January 1901 ndipo anthu ake. Mu nyumbayi mukhoza kuona eni weniweni ndi zisudzo yaing'ono nawo. Komanso zipangizo anasonyeza ena staging wa kusewera "Zitatu Alongo" Nemirovich-Danchenko 1940.

Chionetsero anadzipereka kwa abwenzi ndi apabanja la Wolemba wina wa

Mu 1999, dziko nyumba owonetsera zakale A. P. Chehova Gurzuf anapereka kwa alendo a photos, zojambula, zikalata ndi zipangizo zina zokhudza banja la wolemba. Masiku ano, mungathe kuona zokoperazo zithunzi za Anton Pavlovich, amene anapanga za akatswiri otchuka. Ena mwa iwo ndi ntchito Levitan, O. Braz (kupenta bungwe la Tretyakov Gallery mu chaka cha 1898), V. Serov 1902, komanso kupenta wa Chekhov unyamata wake, olengedwa mwa 1884 ndi m'bale wake Nicholas. M'nyumbayi ndi osowa, pang'ono odziwika zithunzi, limene kwa zaka zambiri anali mu zipinda zodyera la nyumbayo Museum ku Yalta Wolemba wina.

Kayendedwe

Chekhov ndi chilimwe kukakhala Gurzuf (adiresi. P Chekhov, 22) lili mwachindunji pa gombe. Ku Yalta (kuchokera basi) kuti pali zovuta njira ziwiri:

• Patakisi №106 inakaima "foloko", ndiye - wapansi motsogozedwa embankment lapansi. Uyenera kupita za kilometre a.
• Ndi №31b galimoto pafupi Gurzuf. Pezani zofunika pa siteji yotsiriza. Ndiye muyenera kupita 200-300 m, zizindikiro alendo.

Cottage ndi lotseguka kwa ochokera April kuti oyambirira November, tsiku lililonse, kupatula Lolemba ndi Lachiwiri. Telefoni Museum: 36-30-05.

Mtengo wa tikiti zonse - 100 rubles, ndi ulendo wa, womwenso anayendera bwalo m'munda chikumbutso ndi Bay, ndalama 50 rubles ..

Chekhov ndi chilimwe kukakhala Gurzuf: Ndemanga

Alendo ambiri amene kale anapita m'nyumbayi a wolemba, amakhulupirira kuti ndi malo amene ali wokwanira ulendo amene ali pa tchuthi ku Yalta. Choyamba, alendo chikondwerero m'mlengalenga zodabwitsa kulamulira nyumba ndi pabwalo wake, komanso mwayi wokhala maganizo wokongola nyanja. The drawback yekha, mabuku mu ndemanga anachoka ndi alendo pa maonekedwe pokambirana ndi Chekhov ndi chilimwe kukakhala Gurzuf chatsekedwa pa Lachiwiri, komanso anatseka kwambiri pachaka. Pali nthawizonse tikulephera, choncho n'zosatheka mosavuta kubwerezanso zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho onse anapereka.

Tsopano inu mukudziwa kumene Chekhov ndi chilimwe kukakhala Gurzuf ndi momwe kumeneko, kotero pa holide mu Crimea adzatha, titero, anali mlendo amene analemba lalikulu, zisudzo zomwe masewero oposa zaka musati adzatsika kuchokera siteji m'maiko onse.