Dinosaur mafupa. Museum ndi mafupa wa zinyamazi

Chidwi kuti kuli zinyamazi, umoyo komanso amabweretsa zikuchititsa kuti kusonyeza ana komanso akuluakulu padziko lonse. Kudzera chidwi imeneyi dinosaur mafupa apezeka m'mayiko osiyanasiyana, omwe anasonyeza mu Paleontological Museum a m'mizinda ikuluikulu. zokwiriridwa ntchito kupeza mtundu watsopano wa nyama zinatha zikupitirirabe mu masiku athu, chifukwa Earth nthawi iliyonse kudabwa zobisika zawo ndi kutulukira zinthu zatsopano.

Science paleontology

Ngati m'nyumbayi atumwi wotsiriza ndi dinosaur mafupa anali wosangalatsa yafumbi zapamwamba wa zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho, nthawi luso mkulu adakali malo zochititsa chidwi kuti ndikuuzeni za moyo wa nyama ya mbiri isanayambe.

Ndiyamika sayansi, paleontology, asayansi pang'onopang'ono recreate chithunzi magwero a mitundu ndi moyo padziko lapansili mpaka munthu. zida zamakono zimathandiza kuti 90-95% kudziwa zaka a mafupa ndi imprints zomera mu zigawo nthaka. Pa zikhalidwe za moyo, kubalana ndi kusamalira mbewu nyama ya mbiri isanayambe angapezeke pa zotsalira za mazira unayambira ndi achinyamata. Woyamba dinosaur mafupa opezeka dzira a hypselosaurus ndipo anapezeka ku France mu 1859.

Choncho, kumanga limafotokozera kokwanira kwambiri mwa nthawi ya mbiri isanayambe kusintha ndi mitundu kuti m'nthawi imeneyo. Anapeza mafupa a zamoyo wakale monga woyamba, ndipo inakhala yaikulu ndi nyama apamwamba Tingaone mu zakale paleontological mu dziko, koma si onse monga mwa zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho wathunthu mafupa a zinyamazi. Nthawi zambiri, pali mafupa payekha kapena makombo a Chigaza nyama wakale, kotero lonse amakhalabe paleontology ankaona nkhani ya atumwi, ngakhalenso nthawi amenewa dzina lake.

The zakale wotchuka zili America, Canada, Russia, China, Turkey ndi England. Mu US mizinda 4 akhoza kupikisana wina ndi mzake, amene ndi mafupa wa zinyamazi akulu, owopsa kwambiri.

Chicago Museum

Fildovsky Museum of History Natural mu Chicago, lili m'zipinda zake zidutswa 21 miliyoni, koma osati izo wotchuka. Matikiti kuti m'nyumbayi Lachisanu atha miyezi yambiri, ngati pali kuchokera January kwa June, aliyense akhoza kukhala usiku.

Ndi okwanira kuti m'tulo thumba, kusankha chitsanzo cha dinosaur mafupa ndi kuthera pafupi naye usiku wonse. chochitika chotchuka kwambiri osati pakati pa mabanja ndi ana, komanso akulu.

Museum anakhazikitsidwa mu 1893, ndipo nalo dzina lake kuyamika Marshall Field, amene anapereka kukula kwa $ 1 miliyoni mu 1894.

Wotchuka kwambiri mu dziko, zokwiriridwa osati mafani wa zinyamazi kwambiri wathunthu mafupa a Tyrannosaurus Rex dzina lake Sue ali basi pa m'nyumbayi Chicago.

"Zamoyo wa Planet" kufotokoza kwa nyumbayi kuti mumve amasonyeza zochitika m'mbiri yakale mbiri Dziko Lapansi. Inu simungakhoze chokhacho muona mafupa a zinyamazi wa panyengo zosiyanasiyana, komanso kuyang'ana zimathandizadi kwambiri za moyo filimu 3D-mtundu kuti mammoths kapena mmene anapezeka "Sue."

Museum of History Natural ku New York City

owonetsera zakale izi anali wotchuka kale anapanga filimu "Night pa Museum." Anakhazikitsidwa mu 1869, pamafunika kumpanda 4 Manhattan ndipo m'nyumbayi waukulu wa sayansi chibadwidwe dziko. Mophiphiritsira, izo lagawidwa zipinda, aliyense amene ankaimira osati nthawi zosiyana za chitukuko cha dziko, komanso anthu ndi chilengedwe.

Wotchuka holo "zakufa zakale" si kanthu, chifukwa wodzazidwa ndi pamodzi kukula zonse dinosaur mafupa, mafupa awo, zigaza, mazira ndi mapazi ndi matupi.

Nthawi iliyonse ya dinosaur moyo laperekedwa kwa chipinda osiyana. Makasitomala amayenda chipinda wina ndi mzake, penyani momwe nyama ndi zomera za padziko lapansi nthawi iliyonse watsopano zakale. Pakati zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho si mafupawa okha ku America, komanso ku Africa ndi Canada.

Carnegie Museum ku Pittsburgh

kafukufuku anaonekera owonetsera zakale kuyamika chidwi billionaire ndi wofuna kuthandiza Endryu Karnegi kuti zinyamazi. Zinali iye amene anapereka ndalama mu 1899 kufufuza mafupawa Wyoming. Chinthu chidwi kwambiri kuti anabweretsa ndi mafupa a dinosaur yomanga sankadziwika kuti Diplodocus sayansi mitundu.

bukuli ndi zaka zingapo lidzayeretsedwa ku miyala lapadziko, wobwezeretsedwa ndi kusonkhanitsa, kenako yomalizidwa nthumwi Diplodocus anali kupereka dzina Carnegie. Okwana m'nyumbayi akupereka 19 wathunthu dinosaur zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho anaikidwa awo "mwachibadwa" chilengedwe. Choncho alendo nyumbayi mukhoza kuwona zomera analipo pa nthawi imeneyo, ndi mmene wasintha mchikakamizo cha zinthu kunja.

Lero, m'nyumbayi ali ndi zipinda 20 wodzipereka kwa mbiri ya chitukuko cha moyo pa dziko ndipo ali zosonkhanitsira waukulu wa ankamangidwanso dinosaur zamanyazi dziko. Ana apadera nsanja limene iwo kugwira zofukulidwa, kuphunzira kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo ofukula zinthu zakale ndi kumva zokwiriridwa.

Fernbank Museum ku Atlanta

Anthu amene zonse mitundu ya zinyamazi amakonda owayimilira chachikulu, ndi bwino pitani Fernbank Museum ku Atlanta, USA.

Iwo uli pano anapereka zimphona, ambiri mwa anazipeza Patagonia. Laling'ono owonetsera zakale toyesa ankakhala Cretaceous chapamwamba ndipo ankalemera 3 matani - ndi loforotony, imadziwika zinyamazi platypus.

Ngati inu funso, imene m'nyumbayi mafupa a zinyamazi lalikulu, yankho ndi Fernbank Museum. Apa ndi mafupa Argentinosaurus, miyeso anafika matani 100, kutalika - kuposa mamita 35.

Alendo nyumbayi silingakhoze kokha amasirira zotsalira mantha Arefai wakale, komanso pochitika "mu nthawi", kuyendera kufotokoza zoyenera boma la Georgia kuyambira nthawi ya zinyamazi masiku ano. Izi zimathandiza kuona mmene anasintha pang'onopang'ono nyama, ndi zinyama za dziko ndi malo ake.

Jurassic Park mu Turkey

Wotchuka ndiponso zazikulu kwambiri ku Europe, galimoto ya mbiri isanayambe "nyama" ndi Land Jurassic ku Turkey. Palibe mafupa weniweni, koma animatronicheskie mabaibulo awo ali chenicheni choti amakhala wowopsa mukakalowa mu dziko lawo ntchito 4D-pulogalamu yoyeseza.

Ana bungwe malo pofukula, kumene angapeze "weniweni" mazira ndi dinosaur paleontologist ndi kulandira kalata yothetsera.

Museum of Natural Sciences mu Tsekung

Ndi m'nyumbayi okha mu dziko, ili pa malo. Zigong City ali mipando 200, kumene mtembo wa zinyamazi apezeka. M'nyumbayi yokha chimakwirira kudera la mamita lalikulu 25,000. meters ndipo mmodzi wa waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse.

Ambiri a zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho ndi kumene iwo anapezeka, koma malo umenewu anasonkhana ndi kubwezeretsedwa 18 zinyamazi mabwinja anapeza mafupa ambiri a ena mbiri isanayambe nyama, achule, zokwawa komanso mbalame.

Woyamba dinosaur mafupa opezeka Tsekung, wotchedwa gasosaurus. Iwo anapeza pa malo pomanga payipi mu 1972, koma kuti asiye kumanga ndi kusanduliza yaikulu m'dera la zofukulidwa m'mabwinja mu nyumbayi akanakhoza kokha mu 1987.

Kuyambira pamenepo, m'nyumbayi zinatchuka padziko lonse, ndiponso anthu 7 miliyoni pitani pachaka. Chifukwa cha luso lamakono, alendo "madzi" mu dziko la zinyamazi mu 3D mu zisudzo mwapadera.

Royal Museum wa Paleontology ku Alberta, Canada

owonetsera zakale izi ali zinthu oposa 80 zikwi ili mamita lalikulu kuposa 4000. meters, kuphatikizapo 40 zinyamazi limzake. Iye ndi mtsogoleri pakati pa magulu ena paleontological ndi nambala ya mafupa wathunthu.

Kuwonjezera oimira dziko ya mbiri isanayambe a dziko, m'nyumbayi ndi ku Alberta alendo m'madzi mockup zinalili pa 300 miliyoni zapitazo.

Palinso holo ndi wapafupi kwambiri ndi bwino kuti anthu ambiri amphaka wakale, zokwawa, mammoths ndi mitundu ina yambiri ya nyama ndi zomera a nthawi imeneyo.

Ndiyamika zomvetsera-zithunzi projectors zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho "amoyo" ndiponso alendo kuwona momwe Ndipotu iwo kamodzi ankawoneka ngati kusaka ndi kusamalira mbewu.

Moscow Paleontological Museum ndi Nyumba

Chiyambi cha m'nyumbayi paleontological mu Moscow kunayamba Kunstkammer, koma anakhala chilli mu 1937, kupereka anapeza alendo kuyambira Mesozoic, Cenozoic ndi Nthawi zina. Chiyambireni cha nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse ndipo mpaka 1987, iye mochitika sizinayende, monga chipinda sanali oyenera phwando alendo.

Masiku ano, mafupa a zinyamazi owonetsera zakale ali mamita lalikulu 5,000 mu Moscow. mamita mu wokongola nyumba yaikulu ya njerwa zofiira ndipo ali 6 zipinda zazikulu, aliyense wodzipereka kwa nthawi ya mbiri isanayambe.

Muchipinda choyamba alendo tikuuzidwa kuti sayansi ya paleontology ndi kuwauza nkhani ya m'nyumbayi yokha. The chidwi kwambiri chionetsero ofesi - wotchuka mafupa a yaikuluyi, amene anapezeka mu 1842 ku Siberia. Iye anakhala m'dera lino pafupifupi 40 000 zapitazo, ankalemera 5 matani ndipo anali mamita 3 kutalika.

Zotsatirazi zipinda asanu odzipereka kuti nthawi zina mbiri isanayambe.

Nyumba ya nyengo Precambrian, Oyambirira Paleozoic ndi Moscow

Mwina si chidwi kwambiri chipinda mu nyumbayi, ngati palibe abuluzi chimphona, koma apatsa kwathunthu chithunzithunzi cha mmene dziko kusanduka ndi kudzazidwa ndi zamoyo.

Precambrian nyengo ndi oyambirira Paleozoic anapereka zipsera za zolengedwa wamkulu padziko lapansi - zamoyo multicellular, ambiri mwa "anapulumuka" lero.

Ikulu mollusk zipolopolo ndi imprints zomera kumuuza za chi pamaso zinyamazi lapansi.

Ndi chipinda zing'onozing'ono cha nyumbayi, monga akupereka zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho ochepa a invertebrates m'madzi komanso arthropods okhala pa gawo la Moscow mu nthawi karbonsky. pamaso pawo zikutanthauza kuti malo amenewa anali nyanjayo.

Nyumba ya malemu Paleozoic, Mesozoic ndi Cenozoic

Mwina izi ndi zipinda chidwi kwambiri, monga akuimira mafupa a zinyamazi. Mu Moscow, anthu okonda nyama ya mbiri isanayambe ndi malo ambiri amaikonda ndi pafupipafupi kudzandiona.

Nyumba ya malemu Paleozoic ndi oyambirira Mesozoic kudziwa alendo ndi oimira loyamba inakhala, omwe amakhala ngati kuyesera munthu kusiyana zinyamazi. Nyama zimenezi ndi miyendo pa mbali ya thunthu, amene sanawalole kuti kanthu mwamsanga pa dziko, n'zosadabwitsa mwamsanga kufa.

Mesozoic holo kusangalatsa mafani wa abuluzi chiphona. Iwo amakhala ndi mafupa mwana saurolophus ndi ogwirira - Tyrannosaurus Rex ndi Tarbosaurus. Zamiyendo Inayi mu chipinda chino ndi estemmenosuchidae yaikulu ndi zakale ku ulendo Professor Amalitsky - zokwawa za nthawi Permian. nthawi Jurassic ndipo Cretaceous mufotokozere osati zinyamazi pa dziko, komanso anthu a mbalame wakale.

Mu holo chimodzi ndi zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho wa Cenozoic nyengo, yowala kwambiri amene ali chimphona mafupa paraceratherium, mastodon-gomphotherium, mphanga chimbalangondo ndi mbawala yaikulu.

M'nyumbayi amatenga ochokera Lachitatu Lamlungu ku 10,00 kuti 18,00.