Dysarthria ana ndi akulu: Zoyambitsa ndi Zizindikiro

Dysarthria otchedwa kulankhula matenda, ndicho proiznositelnoj mbali. Bukuli lili ndi kupanda innervation, kapena wonongeka kwa mitsempha udindo kugwirizana ziwalo kulankhula ndi dongosolo chapakati mantha. Izo zikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha ubongo magazi matenda opatsirana TSNR, njira chotupa mu ubongo kapena mutu kuvulala. Dysarthria ana kumachitika chifukwa zoopsa kubadwa, kobadwa nako kuvutika, asphyxia pobadwa, matenda otengera ya ubongo. Nthawi zambiri limodzi, ndi matenda kuyenda. Nthawi zambiri (85%), dysarthria ana limodzi ndi ana a khunyu la ubongo.

Mawonetseredwe waukulu dysarthria monga kusintha mu liwiro ndi kayendedwe ka mawu, kupotozedwa kamvekedwe ake, mkhutu phonation, slurred articulation. Komanso, nthawi zambiri pali zizindikiro zina: matenda a Pomeza ndi kumatafuna matenda a maganizo ndi volitional, etc. mtima Izi - slurred ndi samveka, zimavuta kwambiri kuti kunja ... Angapo madigiri yosiyanasiyana ya dysarthria - pamaziko a mawu momwe anthu ndi bwino kwa ena. Achotsa dysarthria ana kapena dysarthria wofatsa akuluakulu ndipo amakhala ndi zina indistinctness nasally (nasalization) kulankhula, Komabe, n'zomveka kuti anthu ena. Zizindikiro ubongo Pankhaniyi tingasonyezere bwino kapena pafupifupi kwina. Dysarthria ana ndi akulu a kusalekerera zolimbitsa yodziwika ndi kupotoza kwambiri ya kulankhula - moti kuti limvetse mokwanila momwe wodwala zambiri anthu apamtima. Pomaliza, digiri choopsa cha dysarthria zimapangitsa kuzindikira kulankhula kwa anthu n'zosathekadi, ndi Zikavuta kwambiri mwina ngakhale kwina kwathunthu (anarthria).

Kusiyanitsa komanso njira zosiyanasiyana osiyana a dysarthria, potengera malo a chotupa ya galimoto zida za kulankhula ndi zosiyanasiyana za syndromes ubongo. Dysarthria, zizindikiro za njira zosiyanasiyana zomwe ndi zofanana kwambiri, monga momwe chakhungu kulankhula kupuma, zimene zimachititsa kupotoza mbali ya mawu, intonation, mphamvu ndi mawu. Chifukwa ana ndi oziziritsa zotupa manjenje ubongo akakufunsani mu chikhalidwe, iwo ali ambiri pano mitundu yambiri ankapita matenda. Kwa zosiyanasiyana bwino mitundu ya dysarthria chimene chili chofunika kusankha chithandizo choyenera, tiyenera kufunsa akatswiri angapo (kulankhula dokotala, katswiriyu) - chifukwa mapeto zachokera ndi mawu, ndi matenda alipo galimoto.

Kuonetsetsa bulbar, subcortical, yokhudza kotekisi, cerebellar, pseudobulbar dysarthria mawonekedwe. Last, amapha ziwalo kapena paresis wa mitsempha yopita ku kotekisi kwa mtima wa hypoglossal, vagus, glossopharyngeal mitsempha, limapezeka nthawi zambiri ana. Pankhaniyi linaphwanya osati mawu, komanso maluso chonse galimoto. The mwana alinso ndi bvuto ndi kumeza kumeneko hypersalivation (kwambiri salivation). Ophunzira ndi dysarthria kovuta asanadziwe kuwerenga, kulemba. zolakwa Chitsanzo polemba - pochitika kapena m'malo ena makalata ena, tsankhu, ndi zambiri kupotoza wathunthu mawu, kudali mbali pamwamba wa kulankhula mawu pachithunzichi ofananira.

Chithandizo cha dysarthria - njira yaitali, masamu, mwina miyezi ingapo, malinga ndi ukulu wake. Poyamba, nthawi anachita m'chipatala kwa masabata awiri kapena atatu m'manja mwa katswiriyu, lolankhula ndi zina pathologists, ndiye akupitiriza pa outpatient maziko. Kuwonjezera magawo mawu, pamene akugwiritsa ntchito physiotherapy, kupuma kokoka, reflexotherapy; akhoza ntchito ndi mankhwala. Iwo ayenera kumvetsa: dysarthria ana chodziwikiratu kudzachiritsidwa popanda nawo yogwira makolo. Iwo ayenera kuchita ndi mwana tsiku ndi tsiku, monga kusunga mankhwala a akatswiri.