Fern athyrium wamkazi: kubzala ndi chisamaliro

Alimi amene mukufuna azikongoletsa munda wanu ndi zomera zachilendo, onetsetsani kuti kamodzi ndinaganiza kupeza fern. Izi zomera zodabwitsa, ambiri amadzudzula chidima ndi malo achinyezi, kungakhale Mfundo yeniyeni ya munda maluwa, ndi bwino nyamukani mawanga kwambiri wosakongola. Ndithudi inu adakomana naye, akuyenda mu nkhalango. Zambiri ndi pa nthawi yomweyo monga nthambi Lacy involuntarily kukopa tcheru. Ingokumbukirani zifanizo za nthawi ya mbiri isanayambe, pamene nyengo linakhathamira ndi kutentha, ndipo Mumapezekanso ndi horsetails chogwidwa dziko. Today nyengo walola kukhala moyo kwambiri a iwo wosweka, koma wokongola.

m'malo kulowa

Luso kulekerera mthunzi tsankho chidwi za kamangidwe ojambula zithunzi ndi wamaluwa. Mu nkhani iyi, Mumapezekanso mu dziko pali 200 mitundu, ndi khumi okha a iwo ali oyenera kukula mu minda ndi m'mapaki. Chiwerengero chimenechi chikuphatikizaponso dona-fern, mitundu yodabwitsa kwambiri zomera. Nanga mbewu zomera limatiuza? kudzichepetsa uli ku dryopteridaceae banja. N'chifukwa chiyani tili ndi chidwi ndi athyrium wamkazi?

Features mtundu

mtundu uwu ndi posachedwapa anakhazikika m'chigawo chapakati Russia. Athyrium masika wamkazi kukuonetsedwa pamwamba nthaka. mphukira wobiriwira amatchedwa vayyami. Wosakhwima, yokhota kumapeto, ndi nthawi kuwasandutsa masamba okongola kwambiri, woonda ndi wosakhwima. Lady-fern amakula ndi kutalika kwa 1 mita. angafune nthaka m'munda kapena nkhalango. Iye amalola mthunzi tsankho. Ndi osatha kuti ali mu malo amodzi akhoza kukula kwa zaka zambiri mu mzere.

Chiyambi cha dzina

Fern athyrium akazi imatchedwabe akale, dzina Roma. Iwo ali ndi tanthauzo miyambo ndi pa nthawi yomweyo zikusonyeza kufanizitsa chifukwa mu nkhalango napeza fern wamwamuna. Mu ichi kumasiyana view zochepa kwambiri. amphamvu wake, chilili zochepa melkoperistye masamba sakuwoneka chotero wosakhwima ndi Lacy, komanso wokongola kwambiri. Komabe, iwo ali genera osiyana, ndipo palibe kuposa achibale.

zina za mtundu wa

Pakali pano, dona-fern (chithunzi akutsimikiza kwathunthu izo) ndi imodzi mwa mbewu wokongola kwambiri nkhalango. Iwo ali pomwepo kenaka zokwawa, yokutidwa ndi mamba. Mizu khalidwe kwambiri m'banja. Iwo ali wakuda, mdima wandiweyani komanso.

Masamba - ichi ndi chimene chimasiyanitsa Mumapezekanso wamkazi kwa ena onse. Mkulu, Lacy ndi kulemera kwake, ali ngati kangaude wobiriwira, mmaso. Wosabala masamba pafupifupi munthu wosiyana yachonde, koma kuchokera pamene zomera kukhwima ali n'ngopatsirana kupanga. zikhulupiriro zambiri kulibe za maluwa a mbewu yodabwitsa. Komabe, ife tifulumire kukhumudwitsa inu. Zilibe pachimake. Koma masamba ndi yokongola kwambiri ndi kukongoletsa, chifukwa kuti alimi aziti iyeyu n'ngwabwino mbewu. Ndipo iwo amachita zosiyanasiyana ntchito.

mayendedwe amoyo

Kwathunthu kukodzedwa masamba moyo kwa chaka chimodzi. Komabe, iwo onse kugwira ntchito autonomic, ndi kupereka kuswana. Ndipo pa frosts choyamba masamba kufa. Komabe, si mapeto a kayendedwe ka moyo wa mbewu yodabwitsa, monga dona-fern. Fern, chithunzi amene adzapatsidwa m'nkhani mu August-September dissipates pores okhwima a wophuka mu yophukira wa gametophyte chomwecho. Ndi haploid, multicellular gawo mu mkombero chitukuko cha mbewu.

Gametophyte akukula spores ndi umabala maselo ubereki. Kunja, iye mtima woboola pakati ndi sizimawoneka ngati tsogolo la mbewu. Komabe, izi creeper pang'ono angathe kupulumuka chikhalidwe chirichonse ndi kuwasandutsa wokongola masika fern. Iwo wachulukitsa kotero dona-fern. Mungu ndi pistil ali unazunguliridwa mu mkangano kuti kukula ndipo n'kukhala nyongolosi ya mtengo watsopano. Ndiyeno, akudutsa yozizira stratification ndi tempering, umasanduka nyengo yatsopano ofunda ndi limakhala zobiriwira chitsamba.

mitundu

Kodi ukhoza kukhala dona-fern? Kufotokozera chingakhale chosakwanira ngati sizikutanthauza kuti chikhalidwe cha zomera ndi variable kwambiri. Mafomu zingasiyane mu mawonekedwe, kukula ndi osalimba wa masamba. Posachedwapa, zinali zotheka kuti aziganizira za makumi awiri mitundu. Ndiye nkhaniyi anatumikira monga maziko mwakusakaniza. Ngati lero kuwerenga hybrids kuphatikizapo hybrids ndi mitundu ya fern mkazi amapezeka mu chikhalidwe kapena chikhalidwe, iwe za mitundu 300. Today ife samanena za chirichonse, koma tidzayesetsa kutchula wotchuka, wokongola ndi osavuta kuyeretsa.

Lady-fern "Lady Ying Mkonzi"

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa oimira apamwamba a m'kalasi. Rhizomes wakuda wake, wakuda, ndipo pamodzi ndi molunjika, kukwera kapena zokwawa, membranous nawo. Iwo amagwira ntchito zosiyana. Pa dzanja limodzi - kukhala pansi. A ntchito chachiwiri - ndi chiphatikizo cha chinyezi ndi zakudya padziko miyala lapansi ndi makungwa. N'chifukwa chake Mumapezekanso kupulumuka pafupifupi malo alionse.

Koma ku mbewu zathu. Masamba pamodzi mtengo, iwo kawiri ndi katatu pinnate, ndi nthenga kugawanika. Izi amalenga fano wokongola kwambiri, wofatsa ndi mpweya. zosiyanasiyana ili nkhalango, kotero mbewu amakonda kuwala lachonde. Yabwino chimake chifuniro nkhalango manyowa, zimene wothira nthaka. malo m'madambo iye amapewanso, ngakhale amakonda tsankho mthunzi kuwala ndi chinyezi yachibadwa nthaka. Izo zimapangitsa izo zosaphika ndi otsika, choncho ngati muli ku deralo, pali malo amene akhala kanthu chifukwa chimenechi, kuwatengera Mumapezekanso.

Koma youma zoipa kwa iye. Pankhaniyi, inu mwamsanga momwe chomera adzautaya kukongoletsa. masamba Pobureyut ayamba kugwa, kukula pang'onopang'ono. Nthawi zambiri nsonga m'ma chilimwe. Chulukitsani zitsamba ndi kugwiritsa ntchito gulu komanso momwe kukula kwa spores motalika kokwanira ndi zovuta mu mphika. Anabzala zosiyanasiyana izi mu malo pamthunzi mungapezeko kusiya chifukwa chodzala zitsamba zina kapena tiered embankment ndi pa sitepe iliyonse kudzala zitsamba. Koma pansi pa denga la fern zingabzalidwe snowdrops Scilla Difolia ndi maluwa ena nkhalango.

Zazikulu yaing'ono fern

Athyrium Women "Victoria" - izi ndi nthumwi wina wamkulu wa gulu la anthu ake. The pazipita kutalika - 100 cm, choncho angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyandikira, ang'ono ngodya pang'ono m'mundamo. Masamba lalikulu, wachifundo, kuwala wobiriwira. Ndi mapesi a mitundu ndi chikasu kapena utoto. Mapepala mbale kawiri kapena katatu pinnately-lobed. Wailly nezimuyuschie, koma mizu ya mtendere avutika nyengo yozizira ndi chiyambi cha chilimwe lotsatira adzamasula masamba atsopano.

Ndi Mumapezekanso kwambiri wodzichepetsa chifukwa minda pamthunzi ndi nthaka zambiri lonyowa. Pa madera mchenga icho kukula. "Victoria" - mtundu wa lalifupi, ndi masamba m'malo yopapatiza. Nthenga yopapatiza akuuzidwa alternately oposa ndi downwards, umene ndi unyolo zolondola unakhazikitsidwa pa mbali zonse za tsamba olamulira. Ichi ndi chisankho chabwino kwa mabedi pamthunzi maluwa, sipangakhalenso wodzilemekeza ndi makamu ndi monga chimanga.

ankafika

Tiyeni tikambirane zambiri za izo, zomwe dziko zingamuthandize dona-fern. Chinthu choyamba kuti mbali ya chitsamba. Ngati pali malo nkhalango, mungapeze okhwima zomera ndi kugawa muzu zigawo zingapo, kukhala m'munda awo. Kapena mukhoza kugula mbewu mu munda shopu. Tsopano tiyenera kukonzekera dzenje kubzala. Kuti tichite zimenezi, anakumba pansi ndi kulipanga kukhala manyowa (yabwino pepala) ndi phulusa. Ngati dothi lolemera, inu mukhoza kuwonjezera pang'ono mchenga mtsinje. osakaniza bwinobwino osokonezeka.

Kuya ndi m'mimba mwake wa ikamatera dzenje zimadalira kukula kwa mmera wa. Mutabzala madzi kwenikweni zambiri zomera ndi nthaka zamulchirovat. M'chaka choyamba chomera kwenikweni madzi ndi weeded, kumasula nthaka. Koma m'chaka chachiwiri cha moyo pafupifupi kumatha kufunika kuthirira okha mwambo chilala kuchitira chomera shawa. Namsongole mu mthunzi, ndipo ngakhale fern zazikulu masamba pafupifupi palibe ukuwonjezeka. Komabe, wodzala ayenera kudziwa kuti pa nsana wa masamba okhwima mtsutso, ndipo pali kudziletsa seeding. Choncho sizikusokonezani zofewa mapini masamba athyrium ndi namsongole. Iwo akhoza kukhala pa ngodya yina ya munda, kapena pochitika pa kukhazikitsa kwa sitolo Pet.

kusamalira zomera

Ndi kochepa zoona, m'chaka chachiwiri mutabzala, mulibe kuchita pafupifupi chilichonse. Mumapezekanso safuna feteleza, munda nthaka nkhalango kwathunthu zosoŵa zawo. Ngakhale akuoneka mwachikondi, izi zomera bwino kwambiri analekerera ngakhale ndi frosts aakulu. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, yellowed masamba pamaso odulidwa chisanu ndi kuphimbira nthaka padziko 15cm. Koma ngati m'dera lanu frosts kwambiri, Ndi bwino kuwonjezera wosanjikiza wa masamba.

Kubzala pa malo fern wodzala amalandira bonasi kwambiri. Iye analibe kumenyana matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, monga zomera amangoika satero. Ichi chimapereka mwayi kwambiri pa zomera zina, zomwe nzofunika kusamaliridwa nthawi zonse.

Mavalidwewa

Pakali pano, ndi fern ali chimodzi chokha Phindu - ndi kapangidwe malo. Koma uyu ali pafupifupi chosayerekezeka. Yesani kupeza mbewu zina kuti safuna dzuwa ndi kuthirira, Kupalira ndi chithandizo zonse tizirombo. Komanso, mudzakula mu malo amodzi kwa zaka zambiri, kutanthauza kuti ngodya ya m'munda tingakhale pristine kwa nthawi yaitali, chaka chilichonse, akondwera ndi maonekedwe ake.

Pali umboni kuti ntchito ngati chomera mankhwala. Komabe, mwalamulo athyrium Choncho saona. The zambiri ntchito rhizomes, decoction amene ali ntchito anthelmintic. Izo ntchito matenda m'mimba, ndi mowa tincture ndi magazi uterine. Madzi Tingafinye wa masamba ntchito monga expectorant ndi.

Ife sitikhala amalangiza ntchito athyrium zolinga mankhwala, koma monga ulemerero waukulu mfundo m'munda mwako kupsa mwangwiro. Ndipo ngati muli ndi shading munda, zomera adzakhala njira yabwino yokongola ake.