Hryvnia - ndalama ya Ukraine: mbiri ya chiyambi ndi zamakono

Hryvnia - ndalama zimene dziko la Ukraine. Komabe, anthu ochepa mukudziwa momwe izo anabwera pamene panali dzina, ndi kuti ambiri ndi. M'pofunika lembani kusiyana izi nzeru.

Kodi mawu akuti "UAH"?

Dzina la gulu ndalama, monga hryvnia, mu nyimbo ndi Chisansikiriti mawu amene amatanthauza "khosi". nkhani angapezeke kwambiri zokhudza chakuti makolo athu ankavala golide m'khosi hryvnia wake - mbale yozungulira ananamizira pamodzi ndi waya. Nthawi zambiri, zokongoletsa ankalankhulira, monga mtengo wa katundu aliyense. Dzina "UAH" amachokera izi hryvnia chomwecho ntchito kumbuyo mu Kievan Lazaro. Chikhazikitsireni maziko a Old Russian boma hryvnia anali matanthauzo atatu: muyeso kulemera, kanali ndi ndalamayo. Ndalama Ukraine pansi winanso anaonekera mu nthawi ya kukhalapo kwa Chiyukireniya Republic Anthu (chiyambi cha zaka mazana makumi awiri).

Mbiri ya zosayembekezereka wa hryvnia

Hryvnia - ndi ndalama, kuwerengera ndi kulemera unit wa Kievan Lazaro. Ku Ulaya, icho chinali kutchedwa "mtundu". Monga tanena pa nthawi linayamba kukhala osiyana tanthauzo chokongoletsera, ndipo anali wofanana ndi chiwerengero cha chitsulo chabwinocho. Popeza siliva bullion mawu kuchokera ku nambala inayake ya ndalama, ndi kulipila constituent ake anayambitsa banknotes. UAH, chifukwa, izo zakhala zazikulu ndi kokha malipiro mfundo ku Russia. Poyamba, kulemera kwa ndalama, amene anadzakhala lotchedwa "ndalama ya Ukraine," unali wofanana. Kamodzi anasiya kum'thamangitsa golide ndi siliva wakale ndalama, mogwirizana ndi chiphaso cha ndalama zakunja, mawonekedwe waukulu wa kufalitsidwa ndalama Kievan Lazaro ankatchedwa "ndalama hryvnia." Kale m'zaka khumi anali kupezeka hexagonal hryvnia, omwe ankalemera 150 ga, ndipo amakhala unit ya malipiro kwa Chitata Mongol goli. M'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chitatu, ingots Novgorod a siliva ankatchedwa rubles, ndi mawu pang'ono ndi pang'ono kuimirira ndi hryvnia. Akukhulupirira kuti ndi chifukwa chakuti rubilas masika mu magawo angapo ofanana, amene anapereka njira, dzina la banknotes watsopano. Kale m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu, ndi hryvnia salinso ntchito ngati njira malipiro, monga kwambiri kuchuluka mpaka coining rubles amene kuyambira anadziyesa nakhala unit zofunika ndalama dongosolo Malawi.

"Chitsitsimutso" hryvnia mu zaka mazana makumi awiri

The ndalama hryvnia, monga ndalama yaikulu ya Ukraine, kumene kunachitika mu 1996, 2 September. Lisanaperekedwe, kuyambira 1990, izo linakhulupirira dera la Chiyukireniya Soviet Socialist Republic kwa ruble Soviet, ndipo ntchito ngati disposable kudula makuponi, amene anasindikizidwa pa mapepala A4.

Kale mu January 1992 boma linavomereza otchedwa makuponi - banknotes zosakhalitsa Ukraine, amene chipembedzo mu rubles. Iwo ankatchedwa karbovanets.

The hryvnia monga ndalama boma la Ukraine wakhala anayambitsa wapadera lamulo la mutsogoleli wa Ukraine Leonid Kuchma August 25, 1996. Kusinthitsa karbovanets mu hryvnia kusinthitsa ndalama kunali koyenera. Ukraine Komabe, sanali wokonzeka kusindikiza yaikulu ya zolemba, kotero mtanda choyamba anamasulidwa mu Canada.

Kale mu September 1996 anayamba ndondomeko ya makuponi kuwombola karbovancev pa hryvnia lapansi. Chiŵerengero anali pafupifupi motere: 100 000 karbovanets ukugwira kuti hryvnia wina. Mu zonse mabanki dziko akhala kuyambira chikalata yekha hryvnia. Ndondomeko kuwombola udzatha mu 1998.

zolemba chipembedzo ndi zizindikiro

Akuti chizindikiro cha unit ndalama ndi kalata Chisililiki ndi dashes awiri yopingasa kuti amaimira bata. Chikalata hryvnia kuchepa ndi "USD.". Zosintha ena onse ankaona olakwika. Lowani hryvnia anali akufuna pa March 1, 2004 ndipo analandira mwa a Unicode malamulo U + 20B4. Mu 1991, Supreme Soviet la SSR Chiyukireniya anakonza banknotes a zipembedzo: 200, 100, 50, 25, 10, 5, 3 3 1. Patapita 25 n'kuyamba 2 ndi 20. ankawonetsetsa monga kubwerera ndipo banknotes awiri mu chipembedzo cha 200 ndipo 5 hryvnia. Order pachibwenzi 12.02.1996 za Supreme Rada a Ukraine hryvnia zipembedzo anali wodzilemekeza ndi bilu wina kubwerera mu hryvnia 500, amene analowa kufalitsidwa mu September 2006.

Mlingo wa ndalama zimene dziko la Ukraine

hryvnia kuti dollar kwa zaka ziwiri zoyambirira pambuyo oyamba ake zinali motere: hryvnia awiri pa dola. Pambuyo mavuto aakulu mu 1998, chiŵerengero anagwa mofulumira mpaka asanu ndi theka UAH. pa dola. Popeza 2005, Bank National a Ukraine kukhalabe khola atathana mlingo Komabe, popeza July 2008, iye akuyandama. Pa nthawi yomweyo anakhazikitsa mitengo zotsatirazi kuwombola:

1. Chiyukireniya hryvnia ndi ruble ndi: 4 rubles kwa hryvnia wina.

2. Njira ya unit ndalama ya Ukraine yuro anali zisanu ndi chimodzi kwa mmodzi.

3. Chiyukireniya hryvnia kuti dola: wina ndi asanu.

M'chaka cha 2014 hryvnia kwa ndalama US anafika pachimake m'mbiri: pafupifupi khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi. Koma mwachibale kwa ruble Russian anagwa pang'ono: tsopano hryvnia mugule zitatu ndi theka rubles. Bank National a Ukraine limaneneratu kulimbitsa ndalama dziko ndi dola ndi yuro ndi mapeto a chaka chino ndipo akulonjeza kuthandiza mlingo kuwombola sapambana hryvnia khumi kwa dola imodzi.