Ivan Melezh: Moyo ndi Ntchito

Ivan Melezh - Chibelarusi Wolemba wolemba nkhani wina, wopambana mphoto zambiri zolembalemba, membala wa Nkhondo mu nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse. Pa nthawi ina, inali kuperekedwa kwa malamulo awiri. Atamwalira kumanzere kwa mbadwa waukulu zolembalemba cholowa.

Ivan Melezh: yonena

Iye anali munthu wodzichepetsa kwambiri, ndimangoona. Iye ankadziwa ndipo ankakonda kumvetsera interlocutor, osati kufika pakamwa ngakhale pamene iye anali kulakwitsa kwambiri. Yekha Ivan Pavlovich anati mwakachetechete, mwakachetechete, mwabwinobwino, ngati akulemera mawu aliwonse, lingaliro lirilonse. Ndipo zinaonekeratu ankadziwa phindu lenileni la mawu.

Ivan Melezh wobadwa February 8, 1921 m'mudzi wa chigawo Glinische Khoyniki, mu kuya kwa Chibelarusi Polesie. Kuyambira pamenepo, kuchokera pansi pa anthu, anabwera uko ndi chosafa zolembalemba ndi ngwazi za Ivan Pavlovich: n'kumene anaphunzira khalidwe lawo, kupanga generalizations anthu makhalidwe, makhalidwe otchulidwa ... mudzi ndi mtendere ndi moyo zaphindu, nyumba zawo ndi nkhondo, tsogolo la munthu anthu ndi anthu ambiri pa chaukali moyo pachiswe, kuyezetsa - awa ndiwo mitu yaikulu kwambiri, aluso ndi wapadera kafukufuku Melezh-wolemba, Melezh mlengi. Nkhanza ndi mayesero wankhanza ndi aona Ivan Melezh ... chikadzangotha mapeto a zaka khumi m'dera mnyamata 17 wazaka anaitanidwa kukagwira ntchito mu komiti Khoiniki dera Komsomol. Chaka chotsatira, 1939, Ivan akulowa bungwe yapamwamba kwambiri za maphunziro apamwamba - Moscow Institute of History, Philosophy ndi Literature. Kenako anayamba kulankhula mwa atolankhani ndi ndakatulo. Munthu woyamba mwa iwo anali ndakatulo "kwawo", lofalitsidwa mu February 1939 mu "kosangalatsa wofiira". Zinaoneka kuti abwere chosangalatsa kwambiri, olemera ndi zonse zochitika! Koma tsoka anaganiza mwinamwake ... Kale ku woyamba chaka Moscow Institute Melezh usilikali mu Red Army m'chilimwe cha 1940 iye alandira ubatizo wa moto - nawo kumasulidwa ku Northern Bukovina.

Mu ankhondo Soviet

Kuyambira masiku oyambirira a nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse - anali kutsogolo. Kumenyana ndi yaikulu, mpaka kalekale imfa ya abwenzi asilikali pafupi Uman, Nikolayev, Rostov pa-Don, munthu mabowo. Mdani chipolopolo alibe pochitika ndi Ivan mu June 1942, iye zoipa ndiwobvulazidwa. Chithandizo mu chipatala Tbilisi, ndi Commission amazindikira ake "osayenera usilikali."

Moyo pambuyo kuvulala

Ivan Melezh imatsogoleredwa kumbuyo kwa woyamba mu Buguruslan, ndiye - mu Moldova, pamene iye amaphunzitsa za usilikali pa Institute Pedagogical. Kutopa koma amphamvu thupi, moyo ndi khalidwe la mnyamatayu njala chidziwitso, ndi mwayi potsiriza anangomwetulira Iye; mu 1943 Ivan umasamutsidwa ku Chibelarusi University State, ozikidwa pa Moscow ndiye Gangway siteshoni. Ntchito ndi mlangizi womwewo wa usilikali, iye Chili ndi maphunziro ake ku dipatimenti makalata a mkhalidwe wa Philology wa BSU, pambuyo kuchipatala ndi mu ukapolo Minsk adzalandira diploma ya maphunziro apamwamba. Ludzu kudziwa Komabe, sasiya: Melezh Ivan Pavlovich analowa sukulu maphunziro ndi kuyamba kuphunzitsa mabuku kwawo Chibelarusi mu malo omwewo, ku yunivesite ya kunyumba. Ndiyeno anapanga poyamba ntchito yaikulu prose - nkhani yake lalifupi komanso mabuku, essays ndipo zithunzi.

chilengedwe

Ivan Kusindikizidwa Melezh inayamba mu 1939, pamene wake woyamba ndakatulo linasindikizidwa. Pambuyo pa choipa koyamba, pamene kuchipatala Tbilisi, akuyamba kulemba prose, ndipo pomwepo nkhondo itatha, Iye anamasula deta yake yoyamba ya nkhani yochepa ndi kuyesa dzanja lake pa sewero. Choyamba prose ntchito Ivana Melezha lofalitsidwa mu 1943.

Ngakhale pa moyo wake (ndi moyo Melezh, mwatsoka, ochepa - zaka 55 zokha) Ntchito ake dzina lina ngati "mkulu" ndipo pa nthawi yomweyo, yochepa waweruzidwa iwo - tingachipeze powerenga! "Polesye amafotokoza" Ivan Pavlovich kuvala ndime ndi "Matama Don" Mihaila Sholohova, ndi wina pamwambapa.

"Polesye amafotokoza"

"Polesye amafotokoza" - ntchito zikuluzikulu, zomwe kwathunthu anasonyeza wina wa nkhani zofunika kwambiri ndi chikhalidwe mabuku Chibelarusi - wamba. Ivan Pavlovich anatha kuuza owerenga m'mlengalenga ndi mzimu wa 20 ntchentche za m'ma XX - nthawi izo zinaliri mu mbiri ya dziko lathu monga pomwe zamoyo zinachita, ndiponso zotsutsana, zomvetsa chisoni. The chisoni kokha ndi wachitatu wa mabuku a "Polesye amafotokoza" - "mkuntho wa chisanu, December" - anakhalabe yosatha ...

Woyamba magawo awiri a "Polesye amafotokoza" - Kunena "Anthu mu chithaphwi" ndi "mphepo yamkuntho" - anapatsidwa apamwamba Soviet zolembalemba mphoto - ndi Lenin Prize. Ivan Melezh komanso anali kupereka mutu wa Wolemba Anthu a Belarus, laureate wa Prize State wa USSR ndi Byelorussian SSR, anali kupereka malangizo angapo ndipo mendulo. Iye anasankhidwa ndi kazembe Supreme Soviet, anali wapampando wa Chibelarusi Mtendere Committee, membala wa Bungwe Mtendere World.

"Anthu mu chithaphwi"

Ivan Melezh "Anthu mu dambo" - buku mu trilogy analowa "Polesye amafotokoza" ndi kupeza iye kutchuka lonse ndi kuzindikira. Mobwerezabwereza ntchito anamasuliridwa m'zinenero zina ndi imatengedwa zofunika kwambiri mu ntchito ya Ivan Melezh.

Pakati pa nkhaniyo - wamba yosavuta, anthu a m'mudzi Chibelarusi. wolemba ananena za nthawi ya kukhazikitsidwa kwa mphamvu Soviet. Poyamba pathupi buku la, m'nyimbo, ndipo alikodi mkangano wa chikondi - chikondi nkhani ya m'nkhaniyi. Against maziko ubale Vasiliya Dyatlika ndi Anna ringlets Ivan Melezh limanena za moyo wa wamba nthawi yovuta kufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane miyambo ndi wa Belarusians. Roman mobwerezabwereza anajambula ndi kuvala siteji.

"Mvula ya Mkuntho Mpweya"

Owerenga bwino yachiwiri mbali ya "Polesye amafotokoza", pomwe iye akakumana ndi bwino otchulidwa - Basil Dyatlikom, Anna Chernushka, Filimoni, "ndi Bolshevik ndi anthu nkhope" aleukia. Wolemba akupitiriza kukhala nkhani yomwe angatchedwe ndi Saga la Polesie. Pakatikati analengedwa Melezh dziko adakali anthu a m'midzi asakhalenso dziko. Basil ndi Anna kupitiriza kukondana wina ndi mnzake zivute zitani. Koma osachita maloto Basil wa dziko lolonjezedwa ...

"Minsk malangizo"

Mu 1947-1952 gg. Ivan Melezh analemba buku "Minsk malangizo," amene anasonyeza amasulidwe Chibelarusi asilikali a Red Army ndi zigaŵenga zankhondo mu April-July 1944, Roman zoyenera mbali yomaliza ya Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse - kumasulidwa kwa Belarus kwa adani Nazi Mlembi waika ntchito mu mitundu yonse kusonyeza kumenyana. dziko :. pa msewu kutsogolo, ndipo kumbuyo mdani mizere mu wolemba buku utoto zikutipatsa images, wokonzeka kupereka moyo wawo chifukwa cha moyo kwaulere.

Nkhani Ivan Melezh anam'patsa chosafa. dzina lake lapatsidwa kwa misewu ku midzi yambiri ya Belarus. Dzina la wolemba anatumizidwa ku sekondale mu dziko lakwawo, laibulale ndi zolimbitsa thupi pa Gomel. Popeza 1980, Union ndi Writers 'a BSSR mphoto mphoto zolembalemba dzina la Ivan Melezh.