Khomo lachiberekero ndi thoracic linkawonongeka: kufotokoza, kapangidwe, ntchito. Psinjika wovulala linkawonongeka thoracic

Msana ndi maziko a dongosolo minofu ndi mafupa a munthu. Msana osiyana S woboola mtundu, amene amaonetsetsa kusinthasintha ake ndi elasticity, ndi facilitates tokhala aliyense amene amaoneka pamene akuthamanga, kuyenda bwinobwino, ndi zina zambiri ntchito thupi. Danga msana zimathandiza munthu mowongoka, gwirani kaimidwe okhazikika, kusunga thupi bwino. Ndipo thoracic linkawonongeka - ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo zikuluzikulu za lokwera lapansi.

Kodi msana

msana wapangidwa mafupa waung'ono wotchedwa vertebrae. Chiwerengero zikuphatikizapo zidutswa 24, mmodzi zogwirizana ndi malo perpendicular. vertebrae ali m'magulu osiyana: 7 khomo lachiberekero, 12 thoracic ndi 5 lumbar. Mu dera m'munsi mwa msana, kwa lumbar ndi, sacrum anaika nyumba 5 vertebrae ogwirizana mu fupa limodzi. Basi pansipa gawo sacral ndi coccyx m'tsinde mwa chomwenso ndi ili zinaphatikizidwa vertebrae.

mafotokozedwe

Torso linkawonongeka ali ndi mawonekedwe cylindrical ndi imatengedwa malo amphamvu amene akugwa chidwi zimakhudza katundu. Kumbuyo thupi ali vertebral Chipilala woboola pakati theka mphete ndi spikes yochokera. Zikumangireni linkawonongeka ndi nyumba yake, kulenga Spinebone ndimeyi. Chiwerengero cha mabowo onse vertebrae bodza basi pamwamba pa ena, zimapanga ngalande msana. Iwo anafuna kuti yokonza mitsempha, msana ndi mizu mitsempha.

Mu mapangidwe njira akadali nawo Spinebone tinatake tozungulira, Pakati pa Mitsemphayi zofunika: zapambuyo kotenga ndi chikasu. Last gawo wagawo imakoka vertebrae wa thunthu kumbuyo ndiponso kugwirizana chikasu iwo m'makwinya pafupi. Vertebral Chipilala ali njira 7, limene chapamwamba ndipo m'munsi olowa zimakhudzidwa kupanga malo mbali ndi nthambi yopingasa ndi spinous gwiritsitsani yekha Mitsemphayi ndi akatumba.

The vertebrae a msana thoracic - ndi chofewa ngati siponji fupa mkati iwo ali kanthu yokutidwa kunja zovuta yokhudza kotekisi zolengeza. Cancellous fupa akupezeka mu crossbar anapanga cavities kuti muli wofiira mafupa.

intervertebral chimbale

Ili interm zoyandikana vertebrae ndipo ali mawonekedwe a anamaliza, yosalala gasket. Mu pakati pa chimbale intervertebral ndi, phata pulposus, amene ali elasticity wabwino ndi kukachita ntchito ya katundu ofukula za depreciation. Limafotokoza ili pakati Mipikisano magawo bwalo fibrous, kukonza mu malo chapakati, ndiponso kupewa kusamuka kwa vertebrae mu chitsogozo cha tangent kwa wina ndi mzake. bwalo fibrous tichipeza kuchiŵerengero ulusi amphamvu ndi interlayers wa skew mu kali atatu.

mbali zimfundo

Kuyambira Spinebone mbale ali articular mbali (nthambi), amene akukhudzidwa kupanga malo mbali. Khomo lachiberekero ndi thoracic vertebrae ogwirizana ndi mfundo ziwiri zovuta, yomwe ili pa makoma onse a Chipilala cha mzere chapakati thupi symmetrically. Intervertebral spines m'mphepete vertebrae ndi kwa wina ndi mnzake. zolinga zawo okutidwa ndi articular yosalala chichereŵechereŵe, amene kunadetsa kumachepetsa mikangano pakati pa mafupa kupanga limodzi.

foramen

Mbali lateral la ndime vertebral ndi foraminal lumens popangidwa ndi nthambi limodzi matupi ndi miyendo iwiri yoyandikana akuuza vertebrae. mabowo ali ndi kuchoka malo a m'mitsempha msana ngalande ndi mitsempha mizu. The mtsempha wamagazi, ndithu mwake, pochitika mu ngalande msana, kupereka magazi kwa mizu mitsempha.

minofu paravertebral

Iwo zili pafupi msana. phindu lalikulu - ndi ntchito yokonza msana, ndipo imathandiza popanga zosiyanasiyana kayendedwe anthu ntchito poto ndi kuweramira.

Thoracic linkawonongeka: ntchito zake

Phindu la ndime msana sitingalephere kukambapo, chifukwa amagwira ntchito zingapo zofunika:

• chitetezo (kusunga chingwe msana);
• mota (kayendedwe ka mutu ndi torso);
• pakuyenerera.

khomo lachiberekero msana

M'dera lino, pali 7 vertebrae. Mbali khalidwe la mbali imeneyi - sayenda ake. Nawa woyamba linkawonongeka olamulira ndi Buku la mapu, amene amasiyana mtundu wina wa dongosolo. Mu gawo zapambuyo wa olamulira ndi Bony zophuka otchedwa dzino. Atlanta sasamalira kuli thupi vertebral. Kapangidwe 2 zizindikiro pamaso amangomvera, pamene woyamba ali kutsogolo ndi ina - kumbuyo. Mbali ndime zimawathandiza kuphatikiza pamodzi. Chifukwa katundu wamng'ono vertebrae khomo lachiberekero ali wamfupi.

Kufunika kwa khosi ndi thupi la munthu

dipatimenti khomo lachiberekero kumathandiza kuti uziyenda mbali yaikulu ya thupi kuti sitinganene za anthu thoracic vertebrae. Njirazi ndi monga:

• misempha nkhope;
• maso, mphuno ndi mkamwa;
• elbows;
• chithokomiro;
• ndi pituitary England.

Matenda kugwirizana ndi matenda a ntchito ya vertebrae khomo lachiberekero

Mndandanda wa matenda zotheka motere:

• Chotupa chija, matenda pachimake kupuma;
• sinusitis, chikanga;
• kupweteka kwa m'malo olumikizirana mafupa ndi minofu ya phewa;
• laryngitis, zilonda zapakhosi;
• ndichepe mu masomphenya, kumva kugwa;
• mutu, chimfine mphuno, kukumbukira kuwonongeka.

Zinthu kukwezeka zoopsa

m'dera khosi imatengedwa kuti ndi yovuta kwambiri ku mitundu yonse ya kuvulala poyerekeza msana. Izi ali malongosoledwe:

• muyezo waung'ono;
• akulu corset, amene anafooka mu khosi gawo;
• kuwala makina kuuma kwa vertebrae m'derali.

Thoracic msana

Pali alipo 12 vertebrae, omwe amagwira ku matupi a nthiti. Thorax anapanga vertebrae ndi m'mbali kulumikiza sternum. Kuti fupa Ufumuyo awiriawiri 10 okha nthiti, pamene ena kukhala omasuka.

Ngati ukuwonjezeka appreciable kutsegula pa lokwera msana, ndiye kuwonjezera kukula ndi matupi vertebral. Palinso alipo ena maenje costal. Nthawi zambiri, linkawonongeka wina anapeza kuti pali poluyamok awiri, kumtunda ndi zina - pansi.

Thoracic linkawonongeka: katundu zoyambirira

Mbali khalidwe la m'dera msana ndi kuti anafooka. Choikidwa katundu wake pafupifupi negligible. Komabe thorax amachita ngati thandizo chachikulu pa chifuwa. Mwachibadwa, gawo ili la kumbuyo akhale ofanana ndi kalata "C", ndi roundness imatsogoleredwa m'mbuyo. Mukhozanso kuno chimbale intervertebral amakhala ndi msinkhu waung'ono. Ichi ndi chifukwa kuchepetsa kusandutsa malo oterowo. Komanso, ambiri abulusa sayenda kuthandiza elongate msana ndi njira spinous. Iwo ali mawonekedwe a matailosi.

Matenda a dera thoracic

Chigawo uyu ali ndi ngalande msana, lomwe ndi yopapatiza. Oyambitsa a zosayembekezereka ya psinjika a vertebrae angakhale ndi mapangidwe yaikulu. Njirazi ndi monga:

• chophukacho;
• zotupa osiyanasiyana;
• osteophytes.

Ngati panali choipa msana

Wovulala ndi vertebrae thoracic - ndi kuwononga mkati kukhulupirika anatomical msana, limodzi ndi ululu, kuganizira malo yovulala, ndi mapindikidwe a lokwera msana m'dera anavulala. Komanso, pali kutupa kwa minofu matenda zofewa ndi ntchito zogwirizana ziwalo m'chiuno ndi miyendo. Mmodzi mwa anthu amenewo psinjika fractures kungakhale.

Kodi ichi

Psinjika wovulala ndi linkawonongeka thoracic ndi wothinikizidwa. Choncho, kuvulala amenewa chifukwa cha psinjika a msana, kumene vertebrae pambuyo mkangano, kuti unsolder ndi flattened. Nthawi zambiri amadwala gawo pakati ndipo m'munsi mwa lumbar ndi thoracic.

Ngati munthu kugwa kuchokera kumwamba kapena linapendekeka zikuchepa, msana anaŵerama Arc, zikubweretsa chikucheperachepera mu minofu misa ndipo kwambiri kumawonjezera kuthamanga pa malo kutsogolo kwa msana.

Komabe, yaikulu katundu m'dera amakhala avareji thoracic gawo. Chifukwa cha choposa kanthu thupi la elasticity msana limapezeka mphero psinjika, ndi chifukwa cha munthu - wovulala linkawonongeka thoracic.

msana siteji chotupa

Psinjika wovulala akhoza kugawidwa mu magulu atatu a mavuto, Mzimuyo kukula kwa mapindikidwe wa thupi vertebral. Ngati chidwi ndi ndime msana pa siteji 1, kutalika kwa torso vertebrae wake yafupika ndi 1/3, pamene 2 chizindikiro - 1/2, ndipo ngakhale pa kuchepetsa lachitatu oposa theka.

Kawirikawiri kuwonongeka Category 1 amaonedwa kukhala zonse, ndi 2 ndi 3 - wosakhazikika, amene amasiyana agile pathological vertebrae. Kuwononga akhoza kukhala mwina mmodzi kapena zochuluka. Nthawi zambiri, iwo ali pafupi pakati pa chifuwa.

ndi zimayambitsa fractures a lokwera msana Kodi

Thoracic vertebrae ndi kuuma bwino ndi kupirira yokulirapo mawotchi katundu. Chiwonongeko kukhulupirika kumachitika chifukwa zinthu zina:

• wambirimbiri kupanikizika achinyamata;
• fupa kufooka kwa mafupa (kuchepetsa mafupa nkhani kugwirizana ndi kupanda kashiamu mu dongosolo lawo);
• pamaso pa chifuwa kapena metastatic adenomas, zikubweretsa kugwa kwa thupi vertebral;
• akusowa kashiamu mu thupi (ana).

mbali Chitsanzo msana wovulala

Pali chiwerengero cha anthu pa choipa psinjika wa thoracic ndi:

• ululu katundu pa ndodo msana;
• amavutika kupuma pa ndiyotani kuonongeka;
• ululu pang'ono ndi kuphwanya kwa thupi m'dera kumbuyo fupa lothyoka la.

Kuvulala vertebrae zimakhala culprits yochokera ululu pa malo a m'mimba. Zizindikiro za ziwalo ndi matenda a mafupa a chiuno chowululidwa ntchito wathanzi kawirikawiri yekha atagonjetsedwa m'dera chifuwa, kapena ngati pali spondylolisthesis (kusamutsidwa kwa vertebrae thoracic).

Pankhani ya wovulala wa vertebrae khomo lachiberekero anati zachilendo malo mutu, komanso kutanthauzira kwa otsetsereka ake, kayendedwe, nkhawa minofu khosi. Alionse psinjika lachitatu choipa cha lokwera msana limodzi ndi malemeredwe a mizu mitsempha ya chingwe msana ndi chophimba chake.

Ndicho chifukwa muyenera kuteteza nsana wanu kwa fractures osiyanasiyana omenyera mwadzidzidzi, kuti kuvulaza ndi vertebrae thoracic.