Khosi minofu. Kapangidwe ndi ntchito

Minofu minofu ndi striated ndi yosalala. Minofu ya m'khosi ndi minofu ya thunthu, nthambi ndi mutu ndi striated gulu. Malo minofu khosi anawagawa m'magulu atatu: medial, zachiphamaso komanso chozama. Mkatikati mwa iwonso anawagawa subgroups ziwiri: medial ndi lateral kapena prespinal. Front, pakati ndi zapambuyo scalene minofu ya m'khosi ndi subgroup chachiwiri. Kuchepetsa minofu kutsogolo mbali imodzi kumabweretsa otsetsereka a khosi vstoronu, yafupika ku mbali ziwiri - kuti kuweramira kutsogolo. Ngati msana khomo lachiberekero chili, pali kuukitsidwa kwa nthiti choyamba. Kuyambira zapambuyo scalene minofu ndi m'chigawo III-VI ya khosi vertebrae, ndipo chili m'mphepete choyamba. Avereji ya minofu kumathandiza kuti pamalo otsetsereka a khosi patsogolo ndi kuwukitsa nthiti choyamba. Izo zimatengera malo yolusa ake. Umayamba kwa njira ya II-VII ya khosi vertebrae, amene amathamanga kudutsa, komanso Ufumuyo nthiti choyamba, koma kuseri kwa sulcus mtsempha wamagazi subclavian.

Back minofu aukitsa nthiti chachiwiri. Ngati chili pa chifuwa, ndiye imbaendesa munthu ku khola la msana m'dera khomo lachiberekero. chiyambi chake - hillocks IV-VI ya khosi vertebrae, ndipo mapeto - pamwamba akunja ndi m'mphepete mwa chachiwiri nthiti pamwamba. Minofu ya khosi ndi mutu ndi inakula, kotero minofu a subgroup medial akulamulira kasinthasintha wa mutu ndi anatsamira ake kutsogolo chammbali. Choncho, minofu kutalika kwa khosi la subgroup medial kumabweretsa otsetsereka a khosi mbali imodzi ndi patsogolo. A minofu longus capitis kumathandiza kuweramira kutsogolo ndi mutu ndi msana m'dera khomo lachiberekero ndipo kumathandiza kuti kasinthasintha wa mutu. Minofu kutsogolo kwa mutu, motero, zikubweretsa mapendekeredwe mutu wanu patsogolo ndi mbali - pambali, kumene liri lokhazikika. Zachiphamaso khosi minofu amapangidwa ndi:

- minofu subcutaneous wa khosi, zomwe chophimba mitsempha kwambiri spaced, pang'ono amanyamula khungu pa khosi, ndipo chimakakamiza izo ndi kunja m'dera pakamwa;

- sternocleidomastoid minofu. Ngati yafupika ku mbali imodzi, pali kwa mutu kutsidya lina, ndipo ngati mbali zonse - mutu tilts kumbuyo.

Apakatikati minofu khosi anawagawa anthu kuti zili pamwamba pa fupa hyoid ndi pansi. Minofu suprahyoid pali mitundu inayi:

1. digastric minofu tichipeza awiri bryushek - kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo, chikugwirizana ndi mlatho wa tendons. Zimadzetsa ndi kutsitsa wa Kankhani-kukoka ndipo kumbuyo kwa nsagwada m'munsi. Ngati anakonza malo amodzi, fupa hyoid wagona.

2. Minofu shilopodyazychnaya fupa chimakakamiza kumbuyo kunja ndi upwardly.

3. Minofu m'kamwa ndi sublingual watenga mbali mwachindunji mu mapangidwe pakamwa kabowo. Iwo amagwira ntchito ziwiri malingana ndi malo a minofu hyoid: ngati chili, izo Sachita nsagwada m'munsi, ndipo ngati si - aukitsa fupa hyoid.

4. Minofu mentohyoid imakoka fupa hyoid ndi mtsogolo, ndi pa nthawi yomweyo, ndipo ngati mudalira fupa ichi, tidzapeza ndi kutsitsa mandible lapansi.

Sublingual khosi minofu, nawonso, ndi mitundu inayi:

1. Minofu-scapular sublingual, woonda ndi yaitali, lagawidwa awiri pamimba wapakatikati tendon. Onse m'mimba inakula jumper kwa tendons. Ngati tsamba umalimba, minofu imeneyi chimakakamiza kunja ndi pansi fupa hyoid ndi imodzi pretracheal mbale khomo lachiberekero fascia chimakakamiza, potero yowonjezera lumen kwambiri mitsempha khomo lachiberekero.

2. minofu sterno-hyoid hyoid fupa chimakakamiza downwards.

3. minofu sterno-chithokomiro chimakakamiza pansi pakhosi.

4. Minofu schitopodyazychnaya ndi zomveka kupitiriza kwa minofu sterno-chithokomiro. Iwo limachititsa rapprochement ndi m'phuno la fupa hyoid, pamene fupa hyoid chili, minofu imeneyi aukitsa m'phuno.

Kusokonezeka kwa dongosolo akulu, amayamba ndi zinthu zosiyana - anatambasula, kusupuka, kutupa, kutupa, etc., mavuto aakulu ndi amafuna alowererepo zachipatala.