Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zofunika zomera? The Nzofunikira kwa kukula ndi chitukuko cha zomera

Zomera - anzathu wobiriwira. Iwo mpake otchedwa chifukwa anthu ndi nyama, zomera ndi zigawo zake - ndi gwero la chakudya, zipangizo zosowa zapakhomo mankhwala, ndi yang'anira chachikulu cha mpweya chiyero ndi zina zotero.

Pakali pano, pali mitundu yoposa 350,000 osiyana zomera. Onsewo ali ndi wapadera mbali morphological ndi chibadwa, kusangalatsa ife ndi osiyanasiyana ulemerero, tsopano kupulumutsa zosangalatsa zokongoletsa. Komabe, moyo Matupi awo angakhale osiyana, koma n'kofunika, wapadera ndi okongola nthawi zonse. Komanso moyo wawo mwachindunji motengera Nzofunikira kwa zomera.

zamoyo za zomera

Gawo Izi zikhoza kuchepetsedwa kwa maganizo a sayansi zosiyanasiyana: Systematics ndi Ubale. Tili ndi chidwi chofuna zokha mwadongosolo, popeza zachokera makhalidwe kunja zomera. Ku udindo uwu dera lonse la zomera zikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu amene anapanga zamoyo zinachita ndipo amakhudzidwa ndi zikhalidwe za moyo wa zomera.

1. Mitengo - kutchulidwa thunthu, kutalika kwa osachepera mamita awiri.
2. Tchire - kuchokera masentimita 50 2 m mu msinkhu, angapo thunthu anakafika ku nthaka.
3. Zitsamba - anapanga ku mawonekedwe m'mbuyomu, koma kukula kwa masentimita 50.
4. Zitsamba - popangidwa ndi akalumikidzidwa a zitsamba, koma kumtunda kwa thunthu angapo akufa.
5. Zitsamba - zomera otsika-kukula mu yozizira amaundana mapesi awo.
6. Creeper - yodziwika nthambi ndi zokwawa zimayambira anapereka mbedza, tinyanga ndi zipangizo zina tigwiritsitse.
7. Succulents - zomera kuti angathe kusunga ndalama zambiri madzi mu tsinde ndi masamba.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zofunika zomera moyo wa aliyense wa magulu awa? Tiyeni tione iwo mwatsatanetsatane.

zinthu zachilengedwe monga chikhalidwe cha zomera

Zikuphatikizapo zotsatirazi.

1. Abiotic:

• dzuwa;
• chinyezi (madzi);
• kutentha mankhwala;
• chakudya.

2. Biotic: zamoyo zonse zimene zatizungulira zomera (nyama, mabakiteriya, nkhungu).

3. anthropogenic - kukopa anthu ndi zochitika zawo kumabungwe osiyanasiyana a tsiku ndi tsiku ndi mafakitale.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zofunika zomera kwambiri? Kuti ndi omwe anatsimikiza cha zinthu izi? Funso ili wovuta kuyankha. Only woyenera awo chokhala kuphatikiza amalola zomera kuona asavutike, otetezeka ndi kudya kukula, kukhala ndi kuberekana.

Mmene kuwala

Kusiyana chofunika kwambiri zamoyo mbewu ena onse - ndi autotrophic njira kudya. Ndiko, luso kutembenuza mphamvu ya dzuwa mu mphamvu mankhwala unazunguliridwa mu mankhwala anapanga organic. lamavutoli amuzolengedwa ndondomeko yonse, anamanga mu magawo awiri, amatchedwa photosynthesis. The mankhwala a kusinthika awa amakhala wowuma monga malo zakudya zomera ndi mpweya mpweya - monga gwero la moyo padziko lathuli.

Iwo zimaonekera kuti popanda dzuwa sipakadakhala moyo. Ndipo popanda dzuwa si njira. Choncho, mphamvu ya dzuwa zachilengedwe ndi zina kuwala - zikhalidwe zofunika kukula ndi chitukuko cha zomera. Udindo wa mfundozi atsimikiziridwa.

magulu angapo a zamoyo tingaone poyerekezera ndi kuwala.

1. Mthunzi zomera. oimira kungatenge kulekerera dzuwa, iwo anamwazikira kwambiri otsika kuwala. Mwachitsanzo, zambiri za zitsamba nkhalango, m'mapiko pansi pa mitengo - nkhuni chotchezera, maianthemum, msana ungamaŵaŵe, kuphwanya saxifrage, Corydalis, snowdrop, Mountain Bakuman, bluebell, Ivy, bracken, celandine ndi ena.
2. Mthunzi-ololera. zomera amakonda kuyatsa lochepa mokwanira analekerera ngakhale mu mdima yaitali. Komabe, dzuwa ndi amamukondabe ndi waufupi kukhudzana ndi dzuwa anatani ndithu. Mwachitsanzo, currants, kakombo, blueberries, elderberries, cranberries, chisindikizo Solomo, khafu ndi zina.
3. Photophilic - zomera amene akuvutika kwambiri kwa dzuwa lowala mwachindunji. Only pansi pa zikhalidwe izi ndondomeko dzuwa inadzachitika iwo mwamsanga ndipo kwathunthu. Zitsanzo: The mayi coltsfoot, clover, lavender, immortelle, Melissa zamaluwa maluwa, maluwa madzi, udzu, cacti, ambiri a mitengo, ndi ena.

Choncho, kodi zomera kukhala mu malo oyamba? Dzuwa, ndilo limafotokoza ndondomeko mbewu - photosynthesis.

Meaning madzi

Dioxide, haidrojeni ndi nkhani zofunika kwambiri pa moyo, zomera osati wa anthu onse okhala pa dziko. Amadziwika kuti moyo Padziko Lapansi chimatheka ndi kukhalapo kwa madzi. Choncho, phindu lake ndi zovuta Musaone. zosungunulira Universal imene zochita amuzolengedwa zimachitika zonse zamoyo, ndi yofunika structural gawo lililonse zikuluzikulu za selo.

Kufunika madzi moyo mbewu n'kofunika kwambiri kuposa dzuwa. Chifukwa madzi amalenga turgor kuthamanga pa maselo makoma, ndi mmenemo ikuchitika wa kugwirizana zoyendera ndi - ndi malo zosiyanasiyana mankhwala. Mwachidule, madzi ndi zomera - gwero la umoyo.

Si onse zomera ndi mofanana chikugwirizana ndi madzi ndi kuchuluka kwake. Choncho, pali zitatu magulu chilengedwe zomera za okusayidi wa hydrogen ndi.

1. Xerophytes - okhala m'madera ambiri louma, amene anatha atengere chosowa chinyezi. Zitsanzo: Anthu am'chipululu ndi theka chipululu zomera, okhala m'malire nyanja. Eschscholzia, cacti, udzu tirigu, udzu gombe, briofillum, ngamila munga ndi zina zotero.
2. Mesophytes - okhala m'madera pang'ono za madzi. zomera madambo, okhala nkhalango. Bwinobwino ntchito kwa nthaka lonyowa, koma sangakhoze kulekerera chinyezi kwambiri kapena chilala. Timothy, camomile, cornflower, Burnet, Lyuba, Lilac, otuwira, clover, lungwort, goldenrod, mitengo yonse deciduous ndi zitsamba.
3. Hydrophytes. Zomera zimenezi zabwino amaona akakhala pang'ono mu madzi (madzi, mchere), kapena kwathunthu kumizidwa mu izo. Zitsanzo: algae, madzi buttercup, hornworts, maluwa, posedonii, pondweed, altemii, mollusk, ndi ena.

Choncho, kodi zinthu zili zofunika kwa zomera? Madzi m'gulu mndandanda awo.

Udindo wa kutentha

masiku ofunda kwa anthu onse okhala mu chisangalalo. Komabe, pakati pa zomera, pali anthu opirira otsika kutentha mosavuta. mitundu yonse ya zomera poyerekezera ndi chinthu yonseyi ikhonza kuikidwa mu magulu atatu.

1. Thermophilic. The Nzofunikira moyo wa zomera za gulu ili, - kutentha chizindikiro pansipa 5 ⁰ C. The wina akadakwanitsira kwa iwo pafupifupi + 25-26 ⁰ C. zomera zimenezi si kulekerera kusinthasintha lakuthwa kutentha, sangaime frosts ngakhale kuwala. Zitsanzo: mpunga, thonje, koko, kanjedza, nthochi, pafupifupi onse okhala otentha.
2. Ozizira zosagwira zomera. Mukukonda kutentha zolimbitsa Komabe, akhoza kunyamula ndi motsika, akudutsa chisanu popanda kuwononga. Zitsanzo: mbatata, masamba onse muzu, amadyera, osiyanasiyana crucifers, dzinthu ndi ena.
3. Frost zosagwira. Akhoza m'nyengo yozizira pansi pa bulangeti matalala, pokhalabe viability. Zitsanzo Zina zomera horticultural monga mbewu yamasamba, anyezi osatha, adyo, chotchezera, ndi ena.

kulamulira kutentha - mkhalidwe zofunika kukula zachilendo ndi chitukuko cha zomera zonse padziko lapansi: mapeto.

zakudya zochita kupanga

Chinthu Ichi ndi chofunika kwambiri makamaka kwa zipatso, zipatso ndi masamba kulima mwa munthu. Ndithudi, mu pompo-pompo zomera yolowera malo amenewa, okhoza atengere. Kuphatikizapo zili salt mchere wa m'nthaka.

Koma nthumwi chikhalidwe thandizo. Mwini aliyense amadziwa zimene feteleza zovuta mchere ikhale zomera zina kuti mbewu.

Ambiri, mchere - ndi mbali yofunika ya mphamvu za anthu, amene chosakanikirana ndi zomera nthaka ndi suction ndi madzi osamba. Koma mbewu zoipa overabundance fetereza, ndi kupanda kumabweretsa m'mbuyo kukula ndi zokolola osauka.

mpweya Kaonekedwe

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zofunika zomera, kuwonjezera pamwamba? Tiyenera zikuchokera mlengalenga. Ndipotu, zomera usiku, komanso zina zamoyo kupuma, zimawononga oxygen. Choncho, mu mlengalenga chitukuko zawo ayenera kukhala zokwanira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pa zinthu woipa mkulu mpweya zoipa, fumbi, bowa ndi tizilombo zomera adzakhala okhumudwa kwambiri.

zinthu Biotic mvetsetsa awo

Ife anayang'ana pa onse zinthu abiotic la zomera. Kutentha, kuwala, mpweya, madzi - chachikulu ndi zinthu singasiyanitsidwe kukula zawo ndi chitukuko.

Biotic zinthu zomwezo - Impact pa zotsalira zazomera ozungulira, ndiye zomera zina, nyama, bowa, tizilombo, ndi zina zotero. Kuti mbali zonse za zotsatira za zinthu izi, malo sayansi analengedwa. Iwo ayenera kukumbukira kuti zinthu biotic sali kwenikweni kusiyana abiotic lapansi.

zinthu zazikulu za moyo wa zomera potted

mmene chilengedwe zofunika houseplants moyo, palibe zosiyana ndi zimene takambiranazi onse ambiri. Ayeneranso dzuwa, chikondi, madzi, mchere zakudya, chitetezo ku tizirombo.

maluwa potted kumverera bwino ndi kuyang'ana wokongola, m'pofunika alankhule nawo payekha, kutenga nkhani za peculiarities wa mtundu makamaka ndi mtundu wa mbewu.