Khrushchev m'firiji pamtunda zokhudzana kwenikweni XX Congress wa ku CPSU, yemwe anali chiyambi cha siteji watsopano mu moyo wa boma la Soviet. Ndi pa msonkhano uno mu February 1954, iye anali kuwerenga mbiri ya mutu latsopano la boma, pa nkhani yolembedwa waukulu umene unali dethroning wa umunthu mpatuko wa Stalin, komanso m'njira zosiyanasiyana pofuna kukwaniritsa sosholisimu.
Khrushchev m'firiji pamtunda: mwachidule
Chovuta nthawi miyeso ya nkhondo chikominisi, kenako collectivization, mafakitale, misa kupondereza, sonyezani mayesero (monga kuzunzidwa kwa madokotala) adatsutsidwa. Kapenanso, izo akufuna pa coexistence mtendere wa mayiko ndi machitidwe osiyana siyana ndi kukana miyezo kuonetsa pomanga lamadyerero. Komanso, ndithudi chinaikidwa kufooketsa boma ulamuliro pa moyo maganizo a anthu. Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zazikulu za boma lopondereza ndi monga ouma ndipo ambiri kutengapo mbali muzochitika zones za moyo pagulu - chikhalidwe, ndale ndiponso zachuma. Chotero dongosolo ndi poyamba Amabweretsa nzika ake mfundo zofunika ndiponso mmene dziko. Pa nkhani imeneyi, malinga ndi ofufuza ena, Khrushchev m'firiji pamtunda kutha Ulamuliro ku Soviet Union, kuchotsa dongosolo la mgwirizano pakati pa akuluakulu a boma ndi anthu kuti authoritarian. Popeza m'ma 50s amayamba konzanso chachikulu akaidi mu Stalin njira imeneyo, akaidi andale ambiri amene ankakhala ku nthawi imeneyo, linali litatulutsidwa. Tidawalenga ntchito yapadera lililonse la milandu akaidi wosalakwa. Komanso mayiko lonse akhala asintha khalidwe lawo. Choncho Khrushchev m'firiji pamtunda analoledwa kubwerera kwawo ku Crimea Chitata ndi Caucasus mitundu, anathamangitsidwa m'dzikomo pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, Stalin wolimba wofuna zochita. Kumasulidwa kwawo anali ambiri Japanese ndi German akaidi a nkhondo, amene anatembenuka pambuyo mu ukapolo Soviet. chiwerengero chawo Akuti mu makumi a zikwi. Khrushchev m'firiji pamtunda zinayambitsa zikuluzikulu njira chikhalidwe. A chotsatira chenicheni cha chifooke kufufuza anali kumasulidwa ku nsinga za gawo chikhalidwe ndi kufunika kuyimba matamando a boma panopa. 50-60-ntchentche ndi kukwera mabuku Soviet ndi mafilimu a kanema. Komabe, njira izi amayamba ndi woyamba otsutsa kwambiri kuti boma la Soviet. Mtsutso, umene unayamba mu mawonekedwe wofatsa ntchito mabuku a olemba ndi alakatuli wakhala mutu wa kukambirana pagulu mwamsanga 60s ndi kupanga wosanjikiza ovomereza kaya kutsutsidwa "wa zaka zao za sikisite lapansi."
detente lonse
Nthawi imeneyi, ndi kuchepetsa mu mfundo yachilendo wa USSR, mmodzi wa initiators waukulu umene unalinso N. S. Hruschev. M'firiji pamtunda kuyanjanitsidwa utsogoleri Soviet ndi Yugoslaviey Tito. Last nthawi yaitali, ndi mu Union pansi Stalin, monga wampatuko ngati si lopondereza henchman sadzachitanso kwa kukhala paokha, popanda malangizo kwa Moscow, kutsogozedwa ndi mkhalidwe wawo ndipo anapita njira yekha sosholisimu. Pa nthawi yomweyo pali msonkhano ndi Khrushchev ndi atsogoleri ena Western.
Mdima Mbali m'firiji pamtunda wa
Koma kugona ndi China kuyambira iwonongeke. The boma la Mao Zedong sanamvere kutsutsa ulamuliro wa Stalinist ndi ankaona mpatuko Khrushchev olimbikitsa ndi kufooka kwa West. Ndi Soviet mfundo yachilendo ya n'kumawotha mu njira kumadzulo suchedwa kutha. Mu 1956, pa "Chihangare Spring" wa CPSU zikusonyeza kuti sanali kupita tiyeni Eastern Europe ku kanjira wa kukopa kwake, anamira mu magazi a kugalukira m'deralo. Anapondereza zokamba mu Poland ndi East Germany. Kumayambiriro 60 akuchuluka kugona ndi United States kwenikweni amaika dziko ilidi World nkhondo III. Ndipo ndale mkati mwamsanga kumene kumaonekera m'firiji pamtunda malire. The chinthu chimodzimodzi wa Stalin nyengo sadzabweranso, koma chogwira otsutsa a boma, osati, demotion ndi njira zina sizovuta kuchita.