Kodi HIV mliri mu Russia ndi zotheka?

Khalani ndi HIV angathe kukhala aliyense, kaya adzaupereka kwa gulu chikhalidwe. Ambiri sadziwa izi, kufufuzidwa mu Russia monga sanaulandire, kutetezedwa kugonana ambiri osasamalidwa. Mliri HIV mu Russia zikuchitikadi. kupanga kukonzekera zofunika mu dziko mitengo mkuuka. Ngati iwo alibe anayamba kutha, ndi nzika sadzatero kusamala odwala mu 2020 zingawonjezere ndi nthawi 3.5.

Mliri HIV mu Russia

Kwa zaka 30 zapitazi, matenda a HIV kuchitikanso mu Russia. Russia tsopano kubwera ku gawo lachitatu, monga Academician Vadim Pokrovsky anati. Ngakhale mliri - ochiritsira mfundo Russia izo silinathe kulikonse. Ngati ife kugawanitsa nthawi pa siteji, ndiye ife kulowa chachitatu pa nthawi ino. Pa siteji koyamba za mliri wa zochitika osowa ali kunja kwa kunja, gawo lachiwiri anaikira (ife kale olembedwa mayina kachilombo 20% ya mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kugonana kwa amuna 10%). Zowombetsa mkota siteji - ngati 1% ya amayi apakati ali ndi HIV. Mliri HIV mu Russia akubwera malo awa.

Akuluakulu a boma ambiri amanena kuti mliri sichinafike, koma ngati mulibe mwalamulo analengeza, sizitanthauza kuti vutolo kulibe. Mliri ndi vuto zaka 30 zapitazi. Matenda mu dziko la 1% ya chiwerengero wamkulu, ndipo kokha malinga ndi lipoti boma. Milandu ya matenda HIV zipatala, amene ali kudera nkhawa kwambiri. Kukhala tcheru basi ayenera kusintha. Khumi zigawo Russian kale ndimasewera kuweruza kufala kwa matendawa.

December 1 - Tsiku AIDS

Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa World Health Organization mu 2015 ndi HIV kale anthu miliyoni 36,9. 2014 anali miliyoni 2 matenda, ndi imfa kuchokera AIDS 1.2 miliyoni. Malinga ndi WHO,% 50 okha odwala adziwe matenda awo, kutanthauza kuti manambalawo kwenikweni zikuipiraipirabe, osachepera kawiri. Chaka chilichonse chiyambire 1988 dziko lonse December 1 zizindikiro Tsiku AIDS World. Cholinga - kudzatunga chidwi nzika amayendedwe onse a moyo vutoli padziko lonse. Popeza 2011, cholinga chachikulu cha pulogalamu - kuchepetsa kufala kwa HIV, kusiya mitundu yonse ya kusala odwala, kuchepetsa imfa ku AIDS. Funso ngati Russia akuopseza HIV, posachedwapa anatsegula. Koma, malinga ndi ntchito zake ku nkhondo AIDS, dziko lathu alibe chidwi chokwanira ndi vutoli.

Mbiri ya AIDS

Kugawira buku la nsana ilo mu 1900s oyambirira, anthu mum'chotse HIV kuchokera anyani. Kudwala alenje makamaka African amene butchered nyama yowola kapena nyama chimadyedwa ngati chakudya.

Mu 1981, anyamata asanu anaphedwa mu US ndi chibayo mafangasi chaka chomwecho izo unakhazikitsidwa zina n'zochepa kwambiri, mtundu aukali khansa ya pakhungu sarcoma. matenda awa zimachitika anthu aonjezeleka yekha immunocompromised. Pofika kumapeto kwa chaka HIV wakhala wapezeka amuna 270 gay kuphatikizapo chaka chimodzi anthu 121 anafa.

Mu 1982, matenda dzina lake AIDS (anapeza immunodeficiency syndrome). Mu 1983, asayansi awiri popanda kudalira France ndi United States anapeza retrovirus kuti anali chifukwa cha matenda.

Mu USSR, woyamba wolembedwa nkhani ya HIV mu 1985 pakati pa ophunzira yachilendo. Palibe ndiye ndimaganiza kuti pamene chinachake mu Russia ananena mliri HIV, vuto si zocheza. Kale mu 1987, HIV chimapezeka mu nzika Soviet, ndi kumapeto kwa chaka - anthu 25 poyera kuti iwo.

Mu 1992, ku United States, AIDS wakhala imodzi mwa ntchito zomwe zikuluzikulu za imfa ya achinyamata. Mu 1996, kale kuchita ntchito mankhwala a HAART.

Mu 2001, kunali kale ali ndi HIV anthu 10 miliyoni padziko lonse. Monga lero, malinga ndi ziwerengero zosiyanasiyana, AIDS wapha anthu 30 miliyoni 40.

Kaya Russia chinayang'ana mliri wa HIV

Kumapeto kwa 2015 za miliyoni HIV onyamula mofanana kufa 20 zikwi ndiwo anawerengedwa ndiwo anawerengedwa mwa Russia. Popeza 1987, izo anapha anthu oposa 200 zikwi, ndipo chaka chilichonse anthu poyerekeza ndi nthawi yapita zikuchulukirachulukira. Sichoncho mliri? Akuluakulu chiyani musanene zimenezi mwalamulo, koma akhala analipo mu dziko lathu. mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu opangidwa% 25 anthu ovutika. Nduna ya Health watsimikizira kuti ngati zinthu sasintha, ndi 2020 chiwerengero cha milandu zingawonjezere ndi 250%.

HIV mu Russia. miyeso anakonza ulamuliro

Kodi mzinda Russian HIV mliri kwambiri zofala? Kubisa m'mizinda womangidwa kugawa. Wa 85 zigawo theka kachilombo amakhala 20. Kodi chifukwa? Ambiri mwina, mochuluka kwambiri mu nthawi yake mosavuta ndi lalikulu zedi akhoza mkatikati mankhwala. Mu Orenburg dera unachitikira mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kugulitsa katundu kosavuta Irkutsk, Kemerovskry, Samara ndi Sverdlovsk zigawo. Pali kale 1.5% ya chiwerengero kachilombo. zinthu si bwino mu Ulyanovsk, Leningrad, Chelyabinsk, Orenburg ndi Tyumen zigawo. Apa mwina palibe bungwe maphunziro, n'cholinga akhudzidwa ndi HIV.

Pofuna kupewa miyeso zina kufala cholinga:

• Mu State Duma anayambitsa ndalama ya, chimene, pamaso pa ukwati, wopalidwa ubwenzi ayenera kukumana ndi kuyezetsa HIV.
• Linayambitsa pulogalamu kuthandiza amayi apakati ndi HIV, zimenezi kudzakuthandizani kupewa zina matenda a mwanayo.
• Izo zakonzedwa kukhazikitsa ulimi yake ya mankhwala mu dziko pa mkombero zonse (za ntchito kwa ma CD).
• Iwo ankafuna kuti kuonjezera ndalama kwa mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu.

Lingaliro la HIV. Lingaliro la AIDS

Kodi kumvetsa ndi HIV?

• Virus (tiziromboti wowononga maselo mthupi mu thupi).
• Immunodeficiency (ndichepe kukaniza thupi, chitetezo yimitsira).
• Munthu (chotengera cha HIV akhoza kukhala munthu).

HIV amakhala thupi, munthu amakhala mtumiki ndipo adzakhala odwala. Lisanadze kugonjetsedwa wathunthu wa dziko lonse mthupi, zimatenga kwa zaka 2 mpaka 12. Kwa kanthawi, munthu amayang'ana mwangwiro wathanzi, koma ndi wogulitsa a HIV, nthawi zina si mosazindikira.

Kodi kumvetsa AIDS?

Pa matenda a chamoyo akufotokozera magawo angapo a matenda, atsopano amene ali AIDS:

• Syndrome (ya zizindikiro, zizindikiro).
• Kuthi (osati chathu chofuna nalandira mu moyo wanga).
• Timakumana akusowa (analephera kuwayankha ku thupi oyamba a matenda ndi tizilombo, kulephera kuima kwa iwo).

Choncho, matenda a HIV mu Russia wasonyeza kale kuti matenda ndi zoopsa kwambiri, sioneka, yosalekerera ngakhale ana kapena akulu.

Kukula kwa HIV m'thupi

Kukula matenda a HIV ali magawo angapo:

• Gawo 1. Pachimake isanayambike. Nthawi zina, zimene thupi angafanane ndi chimfine - malungo, chimfine mphuno. Koma tisaiwale kuti 70% ya milandu isanayambike pachimake si anati. Munthu chonyamulira cha kachilomboka sakudziwa nkomwe za izo.
• Gawo 2. Asymptomatic. Zaka zingapo (3 mpaka 5), munthuyo amamva thanzi langwiro, ndikupeza chithandizo mayesero zasayansi magazi HIV.
• Gawo 3. Patatha zaka 3-5 pambuyo gawo lachiwiri inafika nthawi persestiruyuschey zowombetsa mkota lymphadenopathy. Chitetezo chokwanira Falls amayambira matenda osiyanasiyana. Kuchuluka lymph mfundo, zotupa zidzachitika, mukubwera matumbo matenda. Chithandizo mongoyembekezera chabe bwino chikhalidwe.
• Gawo 4. AIDS. chitetezo cha m'thupi waonongeka. Anakhudzidwa lymph mfundo, dongosolo kupuma, m'mimba dongosolo, ziwalo masomphenya. Man wotaya kulemera mwachangu. Nthawi chikhalidwe bwino, koma kenako n'lalikulu. Pomaliza, munthu amafa.

imfa ambiri odwala AIDS angamvetsere funso ngati matenda a HIV ndi ku Russia. Ndi nthawi mkulu kuwomba Alamu, vuto moona wauka zikuchepa, kuopseza anthu onse a m'dziko lathu.

Amene ali pa chiopsezo?

Aliyense akudziwa kale kuti njira yaikulu imene HIV ndi kugonana mosadziteteza kapena kufala kudzera magazi. Onani kuti pali matenda ngati magazi chili mwa madzi kwachilengedwenso (mkodzo, ndowe, misozi, malovu). Ngati kale izo ankakhulupirira kuti zimayambitsa matenda a HIV mu Russia - izo zangokhala khalidweli ndi uhule, tsopano timvetsa bwino kuti onse ali pa chiopsezo. Pali ngakhale milandu matenda HIV zipatala.

N'zosatheka kukhala ndi kachilombo milandu zotsatirazi:

• Kudzera kupsompsona, kukumbatirana, kugwirana chanza.
• Sneezing, kutsokomola.
• Mu ntchito chonyamulira cha HIV chakumwa wamba, chakudya.
• Mu kusamba, anthunzi otulutsirako thukuta, kusambira dziwe.
• "Majekeseni" mu yapansi panthaka, pachigulu (nthano pali enclose zakhudzana singano pa mpando).

Zimene zinachitikira muyenera kuyezetsa kuvomerezedwa

• Ngati inu munali mosadziteteza kukhudzana kugonana za mtundu uliwonse ndi bwenzi osadziwika.
• Ngati mwakhala agwiriridwe.
• Ngati mnzanuyo kugonana wakhala kukhudzana kumbali.
• Ngati mnzanuyo - chonyamulira cha HIV.
• Ngati mwagwiritsa ntchito yachiwiri dzanja singano.
• Ngati kukhudzana ndi magazi amene ali ndi HIV.
• Ngati mnzanuyo poyera kuti onse kuopsa pamwamba.
• Ngati anapeza matenda alionse venereal.