Kodi khungu ndi kufunika kwake kwa thupi

Kodi khungu? Izi ndi chotchinga chachilengedwe amene oyenerera pakati pa akunja ndi chilengedwe mkati. khungu anthu angapo a ntchito zofunika kwambiri ndi ntchito ndipo amaonetsetsa uyende wa thupi lonse la munthu. M'nkhaniyi tiona mmene mtengo wa khungu anthu, chomwe chikufunika, mmene matenda akhoza poyera.

ntchito za khungu

• Thermoregulation - izi ndi ndondomeko zofunika kwambiri kuti akuyenera zonse thupi kutentha nauyang'anire zonse, kaya momwe zachilengedwe ziriri. 80% ya kutentha ndi kuzizira amapezeka ndi kudzera pakhungu.
• Cholandilira. Zolandilira - ndi ziwalo kapena maselo amatha kumasulira nzothandiza kunja ku zikhumbo mitsempha ndi popereka chizindikiro amenewa mu ubongo wathu. Pali anakonza ululu, zolandilira chogwirika. Amene anatani ozizira ndi kutentha. Pa centimeter lalikulu 1 miliyoni 6 maselo 5 a iwo zikwi. Maselo amene ali ndi udindo amaonera zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana kunja.
• Protection - mbali zofunika kwambiri, chifukwa ndi khungu anthu, phindu limene anafotokoza m'nkhani, ndi mtundu wa chotchinga kwa malowedwe zosiyanasiyana matenda kudzera pamwamba thupi. Choncho, ngati khungu kuonongeka mu njira iliyonse, iwo ayenera kugwiridwa mosamala kuteteza malowedwe a zinthu zoipa mu thupi la munthu. Komanso, khungu pamwamba ndi allocated thukuta ndi acidic ndipo amapha mabakiteriya ambiri.
• Kupuma. Chifukwa cha khungu mu thupi mpweya kuwombola amapezeka. Asayansi ndi kukangana za mmene kuwombola mpweya wa kufunika kwa khungu anthu. Koma amadziwika kuti khungu ife wambirimbiri oxygen.
• Excretory. Pa kenako kudzera pakhungu amasankha zigawo onse ndi zofunika excrete kwa kugwira bwino ntchito.
• Kusinthanitsa. Lamulo bwino madzi mchere ndi kutentha. Ichi ndi chifukwa kuwombola zinthu zachilengedwe. Motero, lamulo ikuchitika zambiri njira kunachitika thupi.
• Kupanga. Akamanena za nchito imeneyi ndi khungu anthu apanga ndi pigment wakupambulika dzinache melanin, zomwe zimathandiza kuti n'chongoletsa zotsatira cheza ultraviolet. Melanin ndi antioxidant wabwino. Komanso, mothandizidwa ndi thupi la munthu afika vitamini D, amene amateteza izo kumatenda bakiteriya, ndipo amaona njira ina yabwino ya kulimbana matenda monga TB. vitamini Zimenezi zimachititsa mapangidwe mapeputisayidi zoteteza thupi zimene yambitsa chitetezo cha m'thupi wawononga tubercle Bacillus.
• Mafunsidwe a magazi. mtsempha wa khungu akhoza yaitali padziko 1 lita imodzi ya magazi, amene ali ngati chakudya mwadzidzidzi, zofunikira mu machiritso amapezeka.
• Self-kukonza. Khungu zonse wotaya maselo asanakumane ndi chilengedwe, koma chifukwa kusinthika izi, ife pafupifupi osaganizira.

mbali zonsezi zikusonyeza bwino kufunika khungu anthu.

Kapangidwe ka khungu

Funso, kodi khungu, m'pofunika, ndiponso pa yake mamangidwe. Khungu tichipeza zigawo zitatu. Wosanjikiza yakumapeto kwenikweni, polumikizirana amatchedwa khungu. Kuti iye anakumana zonse chilengedwe. Chachiwiri wosanjikiza - ndi kwenikweni khungu, kapena dermis, kapena china ilo likutchedwa dermis. Ndipo kuya wosanjikiza - ndi subcutaneous adipose minofu, amene mwa anthu angafikire ndi makulidwe a masentimita angapo. Onse a zigawo zitatu izi mwatsatanetsatane.

khungu

wosanjikiza tichipeza stratified squamous epithelium (zaminyewa minofu lagona pa malire pafupifupi onse ziwalo ndi lonse thupi). Maselo amenewa ali lathyathyathya kwambiri pafupi kukhudzana ndi mzake kuika malowedwe lililonse majeremusi m'matupi athu. khungu, nayenso ali analembanso zigawo ziwiri. Choyamba, stratum corneum, imakhala akufa maselo keratinized. Tsiku lililonse munthu wotaya mpaka zikwi zingapo maselo amenewa, amene poyamba ndi chigawo chachikulu cha fumbi otizungulira. Chachiwiri, mphukira wosanjikiza zakuya. Amakhala ndi maselo zonse kugawa ndipo amathandiza kukonza ndi buluzi zowonongeka stratum corneum. Pakati pa iwo ndi Kakhungu woyambira, ndiwo mtundu wa malire wosanjikiza kudzalekanitsa wina ndi mzake.

dermis

dermis The wapangidwa ndi minofu connective. chigawo mbali yaikulu ndi halogen ndi zotanuka ulusi. Iwo kupereka khungu elasticity ake. Chifukwa chuma ichi, tikhoza kusuntha nthambi motsatizana ndi khungu. Komanso, dermis lili ndi maselo mwa chimenecho ife kumva kukhudza, ululu, ozizira ndi kutentha. Pano pali thukuta ndi sebaceous zopangitsa za katulutsidwe kunja, umene kuonetsetsa zinthu pa thupi ndi chilengedwe. Ndipo potsiriza, mu dermis ndiwo follicles tsitsi ndi pang'ono kuti azitha kuwakhudza.

Tiyeni akukhala zopangitsa ndi follicles. zopangitsa zidzasankhidwa pa sebaceous ndi thukuta. England Sebaceous kuonetsetsa chinsinsi wakupambulika dzinache sebum, amene kumathandiza malowedwe a madzi mu thupi, komanso imfa chinyezi thupi. Anthu pa tsiku ndi za 20 ga katulutsidwe sebaceous. Thukuta zopangitsa ndi mtundu wa machubu zopotoka ndi ritsa excretory. Malinga thupi, mphamvu ya zolimbitsa thupi tsiku lililonse, munthu akhoza allocated za lita imodzi theka la thukuta. Mphika n'chofunikira zovuta bwino madzi amchere kulamulira homeostasis wa mosalekeza chilengedwe mkati, ndi thermoregulation thupi la munthu, chifukwa evaporating padziko thupi, akamazizira izo.

Tsitsi follicles zili kwambiri dermis, ndipo chifukwa cha kukula tsitsi. Iwo ziwiya abwino magazi omwe mpweya ndi zofunika zakudya, ndi misempha.

Subcutaneous adipose minofu

Izi wosanjikiza kuya anapeka makamaka a minofu ndi mafuta adipose maselo. mafuta Zimenezi zimapereka angapo ntchito zothandiza. Poyamba, malo ano ndi kusamala mphamvu ndi mavitamini mafuta-sungunuka, kotero kuti thupi la munthu kwa nthawi yaitali mukhoza kupita popanda chakudya. Chachiwiri, adipose minofu - kwambiri matenthedwe kutchinjiriza zinthu oteteza thupi ku hypothermia. Chachitatu, wosanjikiza uwu wa khungu makamaka pofuna kuteteza anthu ku kuvulala ndi fractures.

Ife tidamuyankha mwatsatanetsatane funso, kodi khungu. Ponena tsopano matenda, kumene pansi khungu, ndi njira mankhwala.

Matenda ndi mankhwala khungu

Kodi khungu? Ndi pamwamba pa mphamvu zonse. Ndipo kotero, ngati aliyense limba anthu ena, angakhale kudwala. ndi mavuto waukulu kugwirizana ndi khungu anthu chiyani?

urticaria

Matuza wa khungu, redness, kuyabwa - ndi mavuto ofanana kamodzi pa moyo wawo anakumana pafupifupi aliyense wa ife, ndipo ena amadwala nthawi zonse. Ming'oma, ndicho otchedwa matenda zingachititse zifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Izi zakudya zosayenera, ndipo anakumana ndi zinthu zenizeni, ndi kumene ndi ziwengo chomwecho. Hives zikhoza siyanitsa ndi mavuto ena apakhungu. Iwo amakhala ndi matuza ndi kuyabwa. Komanso, urticaria msanga akuthamanga (pokhapokha ndi matenda aakulu). Matuza imapachikidwa pa khungu si kuposa tsiku. Pamene urticaria nthawi zotchulidwa mankhwala osiyanasiyana.

matenda a mafangasi. Rubromikoz

Ngakhale chachikulu ntchito podziteteza, matenda a mafangasi adakali ambiri. The rubromikoz ambiri. Zingamvekere khungu la mapazi ndi makutu interdigital. Pamene matenda limapezeka mukovidnoe khungu ndi ming'alu. Ngati sanalandire chithandizo matenda ingafalire ndi kuletsa padziko lonse wa khungu. Pamene rubromikoze mankhwala odzola antifungal ndi wothandizila keratolytic.

wothamanga

Mawonekedwe ambiri a interdigital matenda. Ming'alu, tithe kumvetsa kumasulira kwake, ukutulutsa kukokoloka. Nthawi zambiri matenda amakhudza othamanga ndi antchito masitolo otentha. Ndi mankhwala pa nthawi yake kwa dotolo, matenda mosavuta kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala ochiritsira antifungal.

microsporia

Wina matenda a khungu yosalala ndi cheya khungu, nthawi zambiri imagwira ana. chakuti onyamula matenda saloledwa. Pa khungu kuwoneka matumba anamaliza ndi contours bwino. Mwina maonekedwe a pustules ndi flaking. Pamene kufala kwa matenda pa tsitsi scalp n'zotheka kunyema 4-6 mamilimita padziko khungu. Pa kudziwika foci ngati matendawa ayenera kukaonana ndi dokotala. Nthawi zambiri dermatologist anapereka mafuta antifungal ndi matenda zapamwamba, monga chigawo m'thupi.

Chikopa, zithunzi zigawo zake zonse anapereka m'nkhani, mavuto ambiri kuchokera kukhudzana ndi matenda. Ife kutchulidwa kokha zofunika kwambiri kwa iwo.