Kodi kupanga kalata nyimbo ndi manja awo kwa makadi mwachizolowezi?

Pafupifupi zaka 150 za utumiki kapena kutumiza mapositi kadi mu makalata ndi njira wamba kudzamuthokoza bwenzi, kudziŵa kapena wachibale wina kapena holide ina, kubadwa kapena zina phwando losangalatsa. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya izi "makalata popanda envelopu," kuphatikizapo anadabwa. Mwachitsanzo, kusankha kwambiri adzakhala khadi nyimbo pachiyambi. manja ake akhoza kupanga izo, aliyense amene amadziwa ntchito ndi lumo ndi pepala ndi wokonzeka kusonyeza m'maganizo ndi kuleza mtima.

A mbiri pang'ono

The kalata woyamba anaonekera mu Franco-Prussian nkhondo mu 1870, pamene asilikali anayamba kutumiza mauthenga yochepa kuti mapositi kadi banja, nawo limodzi ndi zojambula zawo. Posachedwa ofalitsa anazindikira phindu malonda pa mfundo imeneyi ndipo anayamba kutulutsa makadi zithunzi za zomwe zili zosiyana, kuphatikizapo wodzipereka kwa maholide osiyana. Patatha zaka 120 panali khadi nyimbo France. Pamene amenewa, omwe sali-kutsegula mabuku makatoni kukhudzana kutsekedwa zinachitikadi chifukwa mu batire, wokamba kapena microprocessor chinaonekeranso nyimbo. Zosindikiza mankhwala ndi anadabwa nyimbo yomweyo unakhala wotchuka kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mofulumira kwambiri agulitsa Mabaibulo yaikulu mapositi kadi nyimbo ndi Tsiku la Valentine akufuna panyengo ya Khirisimasi.

Kodi n'zotheka kubala makadi nyimbo moni kwa February 23, kapena maholide ena ndi manja awo?

Monga zanenedwa, timabuku moni chipangizo mu zamagetsi mophweka kwambiri. Pofuna kuchepetsa kupanga kudzisunga aliyense, makamaka ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito okonzeka zopangidwa nyimbo makadi moni, kulenga maonekedwe atsopano iye. Mukhozanso kulenga timabuku ndi Zabwino, monga iwo amati, "kuchokera zikande". Mwachitsanzo, nyimbo makadi moni ndi Tsiku la Valentine zikhoza kupangidwa ndi mawu yake kuzindikira m'chikondi.

Kodi chofunika n'chiyani?

Kuti kalata nyimbo ku moni mwachizolowezi mayi, mlongo kapena aakazi, mwachitsanzo kubadwa kapena Tsiku Amayi, muyenera:

• mizere;
• nyenyeswa za nsalu;
• wandiweyani makatoni;
• pepala;
• zingwe;
• mikanda, rhinestones ndi sequins;
• nthenga;
• lumo;
• Malo mpeni;
• stencils;
• ulimbo.

Kodi kupanga nyimbo pepala kalata: pati?

Choyamba, muyenera kupeza yomalizidwa Baibulo, strums zikuchokera abwino. Ndipotu zachilendo ngati khadi lakonzedwa congratulation pa March 8, adzatsegulidwa ndi nyimbo ya nyimbo Tsiku lakubadwa. Ndiye ayenera kuchotsedwa stuffing ndi zamagetsi. chotsatira:

• makatoni unadulidwa rectangle kukula bwino - maziko a makadi;
• maondo mu theka;
• kusiya chivundikiro timabuku chifukwa ufulu malo lolembedwa ndi kuyamba zokongoletsa ndondomeko.

chokongoletsera kalata

Zokongoletsa moni ndi anadabwa nyimbo za pepala wamba kapena akuda ntchito osindikizira kudula masamba, agulugufe, kapena maluwa. ndiye:

• kuzilemba pa chivundikiro diagonally wovulidwa zingwe zosiyana mtundu;
• 'Kuwokedwa "Iye agulugufe;
• kufalitsa pastes kapena mikanda ya chokongoletsera iliyonse yabwino;
• kuzungulira analemba, "Zabwino zonse pa March 8!" kapena "Odala Birthday!";
• kalata kuchoka kuti ziume.

Ambiri, anthu amene akufuna kuphunzira kusankha choyambirira nyimbo kalata mtengo kugula zida wapadera kwa chilengedwe cha ntchito mu njira ya scrapbooking, amene chogulitsidwa sitolo aliwonse needlework. Izi adzalenga moni choyambirira njira mpesa mafashoni kuti adzachititsa chidwi konsekonse.

Mapeto a ntchito

Iwo akumpempha bwanji kuti kalata nyimbo, makamaka chidwi momwe iye 'woimba nyimbo. "

Kuchita izi:

• kuvumbula "kabukhu kakang'ono";
• mbali mkati Pamilunguyo (atathana tepi) mchitidwe nyimbo kuti wayamba pamene kutsegula;
• pamwamba ndi zingwe amabisa nsalu wake kapena abwino chiguduli.

Chirichonse! Tsopano khadi ndi wokonzeka, ndi wachibale wanu kapena mnzanu angayamikire zinthu zanu Zabwino.

njira mwankhanza

Popeza anachitira ndi mmene kuchita "akazi" makadi moni, ndi nthawi kukayesera kuzichita makadi nyimbo moni pa 23 February.

Zidzakhala zosangalatsa kuyang'ana options nsalu ntchito nsalu iliyonse ndi chitsanzo kubisa.

The Vuto lalikulu ndi kusankha makadi okonzeka zopangidwa ndi nyimbo chogwirizana. Ngati simungathe kupeza izo, ndiye pansipa ndi njira kuti khadi "kuimba" nyimbo yoyenera. chotsatira:

• ndi makatoni pepala, anasankha monga m'munsi ndi apangidwe mu theka;
• lonse padziko ake akunja wogawana ntchito PVA zomatira;
• glued yamawangamawanga minofu ndi chitsanzo kubisa;
• kupanga mabowo ang'onoang'ono ndi kumanga ndi asterisk kuti zomangira phewa (mukhoza kusoka batani ndi chovala manja jekete kapitawo kapena kachikumbutso ndi nyenyezi);
• Chevron phala;
• Sikochi wapa tepi pa mbali n'zosiyana chili mchitidwe nyimbo;
• topaka zomatira ndi phala kubisa nsalu kotero kuti zinthu nyimbo anali pansi;
• pa pepala kulemba moni mwa February 23;
• adhesively amakondanso mkati mwa khadi;
• azikongoletsa m'mbali mwa St. George riboni.

Kukhazikitsa kufunika mutu nyimbo?

Ngati mulibe kuwopseza onse a Kulumikizana ndi madera, mawu otsatirawa timalandira imene mudzaphunzila mmene khadi nyimbo, kuchita nyimbo makamaka.

Choyamba, tili kukakamirana pamodzi pang'ono buku bokosi ndi malire, mwa zomwe n'zotheka kubisa stuffing amagetsi.

Chifukwa cha chiwembu ali IC khadi aR8942A. Timatha inu kulemba uthenga kapena chidutswa cha nyimbo masekondi mpaka 42.

Chiwembu ndi wosazindikira ndithu, kotero kupirira izo aliyense ankachita masewera woyamba wailesi.

Anasonkhanitsa chofunika komanso wokamba 8 ohms ndi mphamvu 0,5 W, 2 ndi GR2035 KT315 mabatire transistor (okwana voteji wa onse ayenera 6 volts), ukuonekera mawaya, anayi LEDs mumtundu, komanso batani ndi kulankhula kuti kutsegula atamukakamiza . Jack mabatire, ngati sanamalize, angathe kukhala a wamba pulasitiki botolo khosi. Ndiye pulagi pansi ndi anaikapo m'chaka ku gulu akale. Mbali yamazinga kwa khosi ndi chatsekedwa ukonde zopangidwa mawaya mkuwa yomwe imateteza elekitirodi chachiwiri.

Inunso muyenera wapadera chipangizo - ndi mapulogalamu aP89W24 USB, chomwe chimathandiza kulemba nyimbo kuti mukufuna, kapena uthenga mawu. Pezani kudzakhala kovuta kwambiri. Komanso, si wotchipa Komabe, kukhala chipangizo chotero kamodzi, mungagwiritse ntchito mobwerezabwereza.

Patsalanso kokha kusonkhanitsa dera monga tikuonera chithunzi pansipa, amaika mu khadi bokosi ndi zomatira khadi. Inu ndiye muyenera azikongoletsa kachikumbutso malinga ndi zimene sachoka tchuthi iliyonse.

Tsopano inu mukudziwa momwe khadi music, ndipo mudzatha kuti mphatso choyambirira kudabwa, kusangalatsa wokondedwa.