Kodi malamulowa: decoding mfundo zachilendo ndipo zolakwika

Maonekedwe a mlandu uliwonse mwa thupi - ndi mpata amanena kuti madokotala a. Ndipo kawirikawiri chinthu choyamba dokotala akuyamba kafukufuku pa zinthu za yobereka mayesero matenda magazi. Amatchedwanso matenda (KLA), monga kupereka lingaliro la dziko la lake lonse.

Kodi malamulowa?

Ngati penapake pali yotupa ndondomeko, kapena pali zolakwika malamulo zazikulu, zidzakhala bwino bwino.

Chipatala kusanthula magazi - ambiri a maphunziro onse. Izo zikhoza kuchitidwa mu chipatala aliyense, analipira pakati mankhwala kuchipatala. Ndi kupezeka kwa mtengo ndi nkhani kwambiri, kupereka mwayi kuchepetsa osiyanasiyana komanso nkhani zina ndi kafukufuku ndi cholinga pa matenda bwino chimatanthauza.

Kodi ankafufuza mu njira ya KLA?

Choncho kodi malamulowa? kusanthula uwu ukuulula, kaya ntchito wabwinobwino, kukhulupirika ndi chiwerengero cha maselo magazi, komanso kupereka lingaliro la magawo zina zofunika:

• maselo ofiira ndi udindo kukhalabe mlingo akadakwanitsira mpweya wabwino m'magazi.
• Othandiza angagwirizanitse katundu magazi aumirira ndi kupewa magazi. Ngati iwo ali ang'onoang'ono kuposa masiku, kutenga magazi waukulu, ngati kwambiri - ndondomeko mapangidwe magazi kuundana m'makoma m'mitsempha.
• maselo oyera kupanga chitetezo cha mthupi kotero, kuchuluka kumasonyeza kuchepa chitetezo chokwanira, kutupa kapena pamaso pa matenda ngati a m'thupi, monga khansa.
• Hematocrit limasonyeza koyefishienti chiŵerengero wa maselo a mwazi ndi madzi a m'magazi ake. Choncho, n'kofunika magazi.
• ESR - chizindikiro erythrocyte sedimentation mlingo, mwachindunji zosonyeza kanthu kaya kutupa thupi. Ankafufuza ndi Kuwonjezera anticoagulants - zinthu kupewa magazi clotting.
• WBC - maselo oyera kuwerenga la mitundu yonse ndi chiŵerengero cha aliyense kuchuluka okwana, m'kukoma peresenti.
• Hemoglobin okhutira, amene amasankha osalimba a magazi. Ndende otsika zinthu khalidwe la anemias wa etiology osiyana, lalikulu - magazi ndi chizolowezi thicken, kapena chotupa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwambiri mofulumira erythrocytes.
• Mtundu chizindikiro cha magazi limasonyeza kuti pali hemoglobin okwanira mu maselo ofiira a magazi.

Ndondomekoyi ponseponse akuluakulu

Tikumbukenso kuti ana akalozera yachibadwa amasiyana, kotero chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti ana KLA, simungati muzidalira pa matebulo ochiritsira deta. Amuna ndi akazi ndi malamulo osiyana pang'ono.

Kupatuka kapena pansi momveka bwino pamaso pa njira pathological mu thupi. An dokotala wa maso pa chikhalidwe cha madandaulo ndi zotsatira za kuchipatala mayeso magazi kuika matenda chachikulu, chimene Komabe, onetsetsani kuyengedwa. Apa imakhala nkhani malamulowa. Indicators kuyang'ana mwatsatanetsatane.

hemoglobin

Hemoglobin ndi zizindikiro yachibadwa 135-160 g / L kwa amuna ndi 120-140 g / L kwa akazi. Ngati ndi apamwamba kuposa Chiwerengerochi, zikhoza kapadera:

• erythremia;
• madzi m'thupi.

Ziwerengero pansipa mfundo Onetsani:

• microelement akusowa zachitsulo;
• magazi m'thupi;
• owonjezera chinyezi machulukitsidwe wa maselo a mwazi (hyperhydration).

Zonsezi ndi kudziwa wa matenda magazi mayeso. Chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti izo ikuchitika ndi akatswiri.

erythrocytes

maselo ofiira liyenera kusonyeza 4-5h10 ¹² / L mu maphunziro mwamuna ndi 3,7-4,7h10 ¹² / l - wamkazi. owonjezera Nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha:

• khansara;
• ntchito corticosteroids ndi kukonzekera steroid;
• syndrome (matenda) Cushing;
• polycystic matenda a impso;
• zilonda zamoto, kudzimbidwa ndi chimbudzi lotayirira, kapena okodzetsa kutulutsa kuwonjezeka pang'ono maselo ofiira.

A pang'ono maselo a magazi ndi zambiri zimachitika pa:

• mimba;
• magazi;
• hydration;
• magazi m'thupi;
• chiwonongeko wa maselo a mwazi ndi kuchepetsa mlingo wa mapangidwe latsopano m'mafupa.

leukocytes

Baibulo limafotokoza ngati malamulowa.

maselo oyera ndi ndalama zawo za wina kwa amuna ndi akazi: 4-9h10 ⁹ / L. Zimayambitsa leukocytosis:

• lakuthwa kwa njira yotupa ndi purulent, magazi poizoni;
• matenda amene amayambitsa zosiyanasiyana wothandizila opatsirana;
• neoplasm zilonda chikhalidwe;
• chikhalidwe pambuyo vuto la mtima;
• chomaliza miyezi itatu gestation;
• mwakayakaya minofu;
• mkaka wa m'mawere;
• lolemera thupi ntchito.

Leukopenia limapezeka pa zifukwa zotsatirazi:

• Zotsatira cheza kukhudzana;
• anaphylactic mantha;
• hypoplasia kapena aplasia a m'mafupa;
• matenda Birmera Addison ndi;
• tizilombo;
• typhoid;
• kusintha mu ulusi minofu connective ya chiyambi zosiyanasiyana.

Zonsezi chingandithandize malamulowa.

othandiza magazi kuundana

The kupatsidwa zinthu za m'mwazi kuwerenga komanso chimodzimodzi kwa amuna ndi akazi - 180-320h10 ⁹ / l. Chifukwa iwo ali ndi udindo clotting magazi ndipo amatha wokhulupirika kwa mnzake, iwo kuonjezera limati:

• Oncology;
• opaleshoni posachedwapa kapena magazi;
• matenda a m'thupi;
• matenda aakulu mogwirizana exacerbation wa chapamimba chilonda makamaka, m'matumbo, kapamba, chiwindi;
• matenda ndi tizilombo tina;
• zotsatira za poika mankhwala ambiri.

Thrombocytopenia Ndi mmene for:

• matenda autoimmune;
• chiwindi;
• nyamakazi;
• limfogranulomatoz;
• hemolytic matenda.

Pali matenda magazi chiyeso kudziwika matenda amenewa. Chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti sipatenga nthawi zambiri.

ESR

ESR ali ndi kusintha lonse zizindikiro, kuchokera 1 mpaka 15 mamilimita / ora, kwa mibadwo yonse, komanso pansi amakhala ndi ESR ake. The owonjezera mwakale zimachitika pamene:

• matenda ndi njira yotupa;
• chiwindi ndi impso matenda;
• kuyan'anila mu dongosolo endocrine;
• pambuyo fractures ndi ntchito;
• kusamba, mimba, kuyamwitsa;
• anemias ya chiyambi osiyanasiyana;
• Kolajeni.

Otsika mlingo ESR akhoza kukamba za:

• kuchuluka kupanga ya ndulu;
• vuto ndi osakwanira kotunga magazi ziwalo ndipo zimakhala;
• kuchuluka bilirubin ku seramu magazi;
• wosakwiya clotting ndi magazi kupatulira, mapangidwe masango zosalongosoka, sangathe kwathunthu kupewa magazi.

Hematocrit, akutuluka osiyanasiyana 0,39-0,49, amasonyeza kusowa kwa ayironi m'thupi, kukula kwa magazi m'thupi ndi matenda a mtundu uwu.

Chilinganizo leukocytic ayenera muli kuchuluka olondola a mitundu yonse 5 leukocytes kwa ndalama zawo okwana:

• eosinophils: 1-5% kuwononga allergens kulowa thupi;
• kubaya neutrophils - 1-6%, ndipo segmented - 47-72%, matenda woyeretsedwa bakiteriya m'magazi, ndi kuteteza thupi ku pakuwonekera kwake;
• basophils: 0-1%, kuthandiza maselo oyera kuzindikira particles anthu ena n'chongoletsa kutupa;
• monocytes: 3-9%, outputted akufa ndi kuonongeka maselo, mabakiteriya awiri antigens ndi chitetezo;
• lymphocytes: 19-40%, akuthandiza chitetezo chokwanira, chitetezo matenda kugwirizana ndi kugwa kwa chitetezo chokwanira, yankho m'thupi anapanga.

Norma mtundu index - 0,85-1,15. Umachuluka ngati:

• sikokwanira folic acid ndi vitamini B12;
• akutukuka Oncology;
• ndi tizilombo ting'onoting'ono mmimba.

Kuchepetsedwa ngati anapezeka ndi akusowa chitsulo magazi m'thupi ndi magazi m'thupi za amayi apakati.

Komanso, ngati n'koyenera, akhoza kukwaniritsa phunziro la coagulation ndi mwachitsanzo coagulation, amene mulinso nthawi ya magazi. Tsopano zikuonekeratu kuti bwanji malamulowa.

Kodi pokonzekera KLA?

kusanthula matenda ayenera kuikidwa mosamalitsa pa chopanda kanthu m'mimba, makamaka m'mawa pamaso kadzutsa. Mu nkhani kwambiri, iyo siingakhoze kudya maola pasanafike 2 patsogolo. Pa madzulo sangathe kumwa mowa, zokometsera, wowawasa ndi mafuta zakudya, chifukwa cha zomwe magazi seramu amakhala chylous, kuti ndi kale loipa, ndi Kugawilidwa kwanthaka kupeza zigawo movutikira.

Mwachibadwa, magazi wachotsedwa chala, dzanja si zofunika, koma kukhala ndi mphete chala. Komabe, nthawi zina, dokotala anu akuonetsa kuti mpanda ku mtsempha wa. Ngati mukufuna mayeso angapo mobwerezabwereza, iwo makamaka ikuchitika nthawi imodzi ndi chimodzimodzi, chifukwa pa mitengo tsiku siyana.

Pomaliza

The UAC kungathandize kuzindikira matenda osiyanasiyana pa siteji oyambirira. Choncho, cholinga cha kupewa M'pofunikanso ilo pa kamodzi pa chaka. Achikulire ndi m'badwo wa ana, makamaka pamene muyenera kusamalira thanzi labwino, ndi bwino kuchita izo miyezi sikisi iliyonse. Izi ndi zimene ndidzakuwonetsa malamulowa.