Akupha chikuku

Lero matenda ambiri ndi matenda chikhalidwe cha matenda. Chifukwa cha ingestion cha mavairasi tizilombo ndi tizilombo, matenda awa ndi osiyana ndi mitundu yake. Choyamba, izi zachitika chifukwa cha luso la chamoyo lithe chitetezo enieni matenda omwe amachititsa kukhalapo kwa chitetezo chokwanira (kulolerana kuti izi mawonekedwe nosological), ndipo kachiwiri, kukhalabe khama lawo mu magazi kwa nthawi yaitali, kuchititsa chitetezo chokwanira khama ndipo nthawi zambiri m'moyo.

Ngati ndi kosatheka kuonetsetsa mlingo woyenera wa mankhwala akupha mu magazi pa nthawi pambuyo limodzi chilimbikitso katemera ikuchitika (mmodzi kapena angapo). Mwa chikhalidwe opatsirana a matenda umachita chikuku yofunika. Chikuku HIV, monga wina aliyense, ngati akulowa thupi ndipu kuti anayamba lithe chitetezo kwa chikuku.

Chitetezo wothandizira chikukhudza kuipidwa antigenic mudziwe (zokhudza mapuloteni yachilendo chinamulowerera mu thupi la virus) zomwe zimabweretsa chizindikiritso zina ndi chiwonongeko cha HIV. Kale Chikuku ndi matenda wamba kwambiri ndi lalikulu, koma mkubwela kwa nyengo ya chilengedwe Katemera katemera-chakhala (ndiko, matenda zimachokeradi mu anthu immunized). Chikuku imapezeka mu pakalibe Katemera kapena mu nkhani ya chitetezo chokwanira ofooka. Yotsirizira mwina chifukwa cha makhalidwe payekha payekha chamoyo, ndipo pamene chitetezo kwa chikuku (kapena m'malo titer awo) mu seramu kwambiri yafupika.

Kwenikweni, chikuku amakhudza anthu mwana. Nthawi zambiri mukuyesetsa bwinobwino popanda chitukuko cha mavuto alionse. Panopa tcheru kuti chikuku matenda anakhalabe mogwirizana ndi kuopsa kuti za amayi apakati. Choncho, pamene chikuku pa mimba angathe msanga kubadwa, padera ndi kupititsa padera. Analysis wa chitetezo kwa chikuku - ndicho ndipo mwina njira yokhayo kudziwa m'thupi lotereli ndi anthu. Koma kudziwika matenda, chithunzi matenda ndi zina ndithu ndi matenda sikawirikawiri kovuta. Komabe pali milandu pamene muyenera kupanga masiyanidwe matenda ndi matenda ena, mu nkhani iyi, mfundo zodalirika akhoza analandira mwa kutsatira mayesero serological (kudziwika kwa kuchuluka kwa IgM ndi IgG) umene magazi kwa chitetezo ku chikuku. Kudziwa chikuku immunoglobulins anagwira immunosorbent zofufuza.

Mosiyana ndi yamasika, immunoglobulin M si kuwoloka nsengwa ndi kupulumutsidwa kokha kwa masabata awiri. chitetezo amenewa akusonyeza pamaso pa pachimake chikuku matenda kapena posachedwapa posamutsa izo.

Panopa, chitetezo kwa chikuku atsimikiziridwa makamaka zolinga ziwiri. The choyamba - ndi chiwerengero cha mavuto a chikuku chitetezo chokwanira. The chachiwiri - ndi retrospective matenda a matenda opatsirana.

kusintha monga diagnostically kwambiri mu kusanthula wonse wa magazi pa gawo pachimake cha matenda, ndi kujambulidwa yafupika mlingo wa maselo oyera (neutrophils, leukocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes). Mlingo wa eosinophils kapena deta ng'ombe, ndipo sanali sakupezeka. A lililonse kusintha erythrocyte mlingo sedimentation mu m'mwamba.

Choncho, chifukwa Katemera (chikuku adalowa kalendala ankameteramo ubweya wa vaccinations njira), komanso nthawi kuwunika chitetezo chikuku mu magazi seramu wa akazi mu nthawi chonde, ndipo mwachindunji ku mapulani a mimba chikuku matenda anali katemera ndi matenda zochitika wathetsedwa zikuchepa.