Kodi mayina a atumwi 12 a Kristu?

Malinga ndi Baibulo, Khristu anali ophunzira 12 kumuyandikira. Iwo ankatchedwa atumwi. Iwo anali anthu wamba, makamaka asodzi onse. Iye anawatcha iwo pamene anali padziko lapansi. Mulungu anawapatsa mphamvu zazikulu, kotero kuti iwo akhoza ntchito kuchiritsa odwala onse, anaukitsidwa kwa akufa, tulutsani mphamvu zoipa ndi kuwauza aliyense.

Atumwi - watumidwa. Adasandulika mboni za mmene Yesu anaukitsidwa ndipo anakwera kumwamba. Mu chipinda chapamwamba Ziyoni anatsika pa iwo Mzimu Woyera, ndiyeno atumwi anayamba kulankhula zinenero zosiyanasiyana, pamaso Zosaoneka, koma ambiri Chofunika, iwo amalimbikitsidwa mu chikhulupiliro ndi kukhala alaliki woona.

Andrew

Woyamba wa atumwi 12, anali Andrew, iye wotchedwa Andrew. Iye anayenda ndi uthenga wabwino kwa Dnipro Mtsinje ndi zitunda pa mzinda wa Kiev inamangidwa patapita nthawi. Olemba mbiri kuti Andrew anauza ophunzira ake kuti m'malo mapiri yaikulu adzamangira mzinda wokongola uja, kumene ambiri mipingo kumangidwa. Mtumwi pambuyo mawu ake ananyamuka pa mapiri, nawadalitsa, ndi kuika mtanda apo. Malinga ndi nthano, ku Kiev Andreya anapita kwa Novgorod, kumene chidwi ndi mmene anthu otsukidwa mu malo osambira, kumenya ndodo zawo ndi madzi ozizira ndi kvass.

Peter

Pa Andreya Pervozvannogo anali m'bale, dzina lake Peter. Anthu ankamukonda iye, chifukwa iye ali ndi mphamvu zonse za kulalikira, machiritso ndi poukitsa. Ngakhale anthu ankadana achibale kudwala m'misewu, kuti osachepera chithunzithunzi cha Petro unagwera pa iwo.

abale awiri

Kupitiriza mayina a atumwi 12 a Yesu Kristu, tikambirana awiri abale, Yohane ndi Yakobo. Mu Uthenga Wabwino, iwo anali kutchedwa mwana wa Zebedayo, popeza kuti dzina la bambo awo anali Zebedayo. Abalewo anali khalidwe ndi kuphulika, Yesu anawapatsa dzina lina - ". Ana a bingu" "Boanege," kutanthauza Malinga ndi mwambo, mtumwi Yakobo anafa anafa mozunzika zaka 44. mtembo wake anamasulidwa mu nyanja ya Mediterranean, ndipo anapeza m'chaka 813 mmonke-kudzipatula Pelayo. Kenako, mu zaka 896-899, mkulu wa Alfonso III pa malo zotsalira za mpingo inamangidwa anapezeka. Malowa anapatsidwa dzina wokongola - Compostella, ndipo mtumwi Yakobo anakhala patronize Spain. Santiago - Mwa njira, likulu la Chile, anali ndi dzina lake.

M'bale wake wa Yakobo, Ioann Bogoslov, lofunika kwambiri mwa atumwi 12 a Khristu. Iye anali wophunzira wokondedwa kwambiri wake. John alalikira za chikondi, chifukwa popanda izo, iye anati, anthu sangathe kuyandikira Mulungu. Iye anaukitsa akufa. John anali pa dziko lapansi zaka zoposa zana, imene nthawi anachita ntchito zabwino zambiri. Anthu ali kutikonda kwambiri mtumwi. Aphedwe, iye anauza ophunzira ake kuti kukumba manda kokha mu mawonekedwe a mtanda, anapita kumeneko ndipo analamulidwa kukumba. Pamene ophunzira ena anakumba manda kumene thupi sanapeze.

oyeramtima

Izi ndi mbali yokhayo ya atumwi 12 a Khristu, panali Filipo, Batolomeyo, St. Thomas, Mateyu, Iakov Alfeev, Simoni Zilot, Yudasi ndi Matiya. Onse otchulidwa zithunzi padziko lonse. kulambira kwawo, amapempherera anthu onse achipembedzo, chifukwa iwo Zochita zabwino ndipo panali mboni, amene anasiya kulemba.

Iwo anadza kwa masiku athu, ndi iwo mphamvu ya atumwi onse 12. Particles matupi a oyera awa zambiri anali mu mipingo ndi akachisi. Icon a Atumwi 12 akutionetsa nkhope ya ophunzira onse a Khristu. Pali Mabaibulo angapo, ndipo iwo onse osiyana ndi mzake monga ojambula zithunzi amene kulenga zithunzi anali ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana.

matchalitchi

Komanso mu ulemu wa atumwi 12 anaimika akachisi, aang'ono ndi mipingo. nyumba onse akale, iwo ali mu malo ambiri kwabasi. Temple 12 atumwi atayima mu Tula, ku Israyeli, Moscow, ku Crimea (Balaklava).

Kachisi Israel ndi wosiyana ndi ena onse chifukwa mzikiti ake pinki. Nyumba iyi inamangidwa pafupifupi mu Mipingo zaka mazana makumi awiri. Rumor ali kuti pa malo kumene Kachisi kale kunyumba kumene Yesu anachiritsa munthu wa manjenje.

Tula anatchuka milimo yake mu ulemu wa atumwi 12 komanso. Pali pafupi ndi nyumba yakale mtengo, koma pa nthawi panafunika kukula. Ndipo pomanga mpingo mwala inayamba mu 1903. Mu 1912, zida ndi sukulu ndi almshouse yosamalira anthu okalamba mu nyumbayi. Makoma a murals kachisi ndi amajambulapo maluwa okongola aluso wotchuka. Izi ndi chinyumba chachikulu kwambiri, akhoza malo ogona anthu oposa chikwi.

Mu Moscow mpingo wa atumwi 12 ndi chipilala cha dziko. Linamangidwa mu 1635 -1656 zaka za ambuye Russian. Iwo ali machaputala asanu, izo zikuwoneka ngati yachifumu. Zipangizo ntchito pomanga ake anali kwambiri mtengo, pa nthawi imeneyo. Pa-zolochedwa ndi amisiri zabwino ndi chizindikiro-amisiri. Mu 1917 tchalitchi shelled ndi boma, ndipo mu 1918 izo n'kukhala Museum.

kachisi wina

Pa Balaclava kachisi 12 Atumwi pamodzi ndi ena onse ndi chipilala wapadera kwa zaka za m'ma 18. Linamangidwa M'chaka cha 1794 pa maziko a mpingo wachikale. Mbiri ya kachisi limanena kuti iye anali ndi zapamwamba za zinthu zakale ndi mbendera Balaklava battalion, ndipo umasamutsidwa ku Diocesan Office. Ndipo kamodzi mu Crimea anakhazikitsa mphamvu Soviet, malo opatulika chinatsekedwa ndipo munali apainiya la nyumba, ndipo kenako gululi.

Mu nineties izo anasamutsidwa ku tchalitchi cha Orthodox ndipo anayamba kubwezeretsa. Chirichonse linakhalanso ntchito za Augustine. Mu 1991 kachisi opatulidwira kachiwiri. Lero ndi bwalo ya agulupa ya Inkerman. Lili zotsalira Oyera ambiri osiyanasiyana. M'kachisi, osati pa murals onse, koma mwina kale wokometsedwera makoma a nyumba iyi kwambiri.

Pomaliza

Ife ndinakuuzani inu za atumwi khumi ndi awiri a Khristu, anaphunzira za iwo zofunika. Komanso tinaphunzira kuti matchalitchi ambiri aang'ono zinamangidwa polemekeza oyera.