Konzanso ana khunyu la ubongo: ikulongosola za njira

Kugwiritsa konzanso ana khunyu la ubongo zikuphatikizapo osiyanasiyana ntchito. Chisamaliro linaperekedwa osati maonekedwe komanso chitukuko maganizo a mwanayo, kupeza maluso a moyo komanso anatengera chikhalidwe. Ana olumala komanso zitheka ufulu kuonerera, mavocha mankhwala mu zolemba zatsiku, kupereka mankhwala ndi njira luso konzanso.

Zimayambitsa zinthu matenda ndi chiopsezo

Zimayambitsa khunyu la ubongo lagawidwa akapsa chisanadze-Natal ndi positi-Natal. Yoyamba zikuphatikizapo:

• mimba chaukali;
• Salimbikitsa njira ya moyo wa mayi;
• kutengera za kumtundu;
• yobereka zovuta, imene pali asphyxia;
• pachimake ndi matenda aakulu a mayi;
• Ana obadwa masiku asanakwane ndipo ndi kulemera otsika kubadwa;
• njira opatsirana zikuchitika mu mawonekedwe zobisika mu thupi la mayi;
• poizoni poizoni ya ubongo mwana chifukwa gulu magazi zosagwirizana mayi ndi mwana wosabadwayo ndipo RH chinthu kapena kwa chiwindi insufficiency mwana.

Postpartum akapsa monga:

• kulemera mwana 1 makilogalamu pobadwa;
• kubadwa kwa ana awiri kapena atatu;
• mwakayakaya mutu ali aang'ono.

Onsewa lachitatu Komabe, kupeza chifukwa enieni kudwala sizingatheke. Ndipo kawirikawiri ndi konzanso ana khunyu la ubongo sikudalira zimayambitsa matenda. Munthu konzanso pulogalamu akhoza ndikusinthidwa kupatula pa nkhani ya asanakwane ndi makanda LBW - odwalawo zambiri amafuna chisamaliro kusamala kwambiri ndi achipatala.

Gawo lalikulu la otaya matenda

Ana konzanso ndi CP zimadalira gawo la matenda, kukula kwa matenda ndi zaka za wodwalayo. Kuonetsetsa magawo atatu awa matendawa:

1. Oyambirira (mpaka 5 miyezi). Oziziritsa ziwalo akuwonetseredwa kukula retardation, kuteteza bongo unconditioned.
2. Pulayimale (3 zaka). The mwana zambiri chimalepheretsa pa chakudya, salowa kulankhula, kutchulidwa asymmetry, hypertonia kapena minofu kwambiri zosangalatsa.
3. Mochedwa (zaka zoposa zitatu). Timakusonyeza zowononga nthambi lina kuposa linzake, Pomeza matenda, kumva, kuona, kulankhula, khunyu, mkhutu pokodza ndi kayendedwe matumbo, retardation maganizo.

Zizindikiro oyambirira a khunyu la ubongo

Mwa zizindikiro oyambirira a khunyu la ubongo zikuphatikizapo yofanana zotsatirazi:

• Kuchedwa kukula: mutu kulamulira, pakubwezeretsa pamwamba, atakhala popanda thandizo, kukwawa, kapena kuyenda;
• kupulumutsa "ana" bongo ukufika 3-6 miyezi zakubadwa;
• predominance wa dzanja limodzi miyezi 18;
• zizindikiro zilizonse zimene amati hypertonus kapena amaika zosangalatsa (kufooka) minofu.

Chipatala kuwonekera kwa matenda angakhale onse kutchulidwa ndipo pafupifupi wosaoneka - izo zidalira pa mlingo wa CNS ndi ubongo. Kupeza thandizo la mankhwala liyenera, ngati:

• zobwera kayendedwe ka mwanayo;
• mwanayo ali khunyu;
• minofu kuonekera kwambiri omasuka kapena yomangika;
• mwanayo si zimaphethira poyankha kulira mokweza mwezi umodzi;
• 4 amwezi mwana sabwerera mutu wake phokoso mokweza;
• miyezi 7 sanasangalale popanda thandizo;
• pa miyezi 12 sananene mawu ochepa;
• mwana sangathe kuyenda kapena kuyenda unnaturally;
• mwanayo ali squint.

Mabuku konzanso ana khunyu la ubongo amapereka zotsatira zabwino ngati anayamba ali wamng'ono. M'njira choopsa cha matenda anachedwa ayambe zolimbitsa thupi kapena chitukuko kenako luso chikhalidwe mwana akhoza kukhalabe kwathunthu ndinazolowera moyo.

Kodi n'zotheka kuchiza matendawa

Oziziritsa ziwalo amatanthauza matenda kuti kuli kovuta kuchiza kwathunthu. Komabe, mabuku yake anayamba konzanso amalola ana ndi matenda izi kuti akaphunzire pa ndime ndi ana athanzi ndi kukhala ndi moyo wonse. patsogolo chidwi tinganene kuti kuteteza zizindikiro munthu mwanayo.

njira zamakono za mankhwala a khunyu la ubongo

Ntchito yaikulu ya mapulogalamu munthu konzanso ana ndi ziwalo ndi mwapang'onopang'ono nzeru ndi luso, zakuthupi ndi zachikhalidwe anatengera. Njira yomwe amakonzedwa payekha kwa mwana aliyense, pang'onopang'ono kusintha zopindika galimoto, kusintha galimoto ntchito, kukhazikitsa mtima mtima, panokha ndi chikhalidwe maluso a wodzilamulira mu moyo wawo. Chifukwa cha konzanso mwadongosolo mwana akhoza mizu anthu kusintha kwa moyo wam'tsogolo paokha.

Dongosolo la konzanso ana oziziritsa ziwalo monga ikuyandikira zotsatirazi:

• njira madzi mankhwala: kusambira, balneotherapy kapena hydrotherapy;
• PET mankhwala kapena chithandizo cha nyama: ippoterapiya (mankhwala a akavalo), psychophysical konzanso pa kulankhulana ndi anamgumiwa ndi kusambira;
• ntchito zipangizo mafupa simulators, gymnastic mipira makwerero;
• matope ntchito utithandize ntchito bioelectric minofu;
• achire kutikita, amene amalola kuchepetsa mlingo wa ulesi ndi minofu spasms;
• mankhwala: Ikani Botox, poizoni, kseomin, Dysport;
• Reflex ayende maulendo, kulola kuti abwezeretse chito chilengedwe cha khalidwe;
• physiotherapy: Miauton, ultrasound, maginito mankhwala darsonvalization;
• Montessori mankhwala, kulola kuti apange luso tcheru ndi ntchito paokha;
• magawo ndi zamaganizo ndi;
• makalasi lolankhula, matenda kukonza kalankhulidwe (pulogalamu "Logoritmika");
• maphunziro apadera;
• Shiatsu mankhwala - acupressure;
• Bobath makalasi njira - olimbitsa wapadera ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zina;
• Zotsatira laser pa mabacteria reflex, nsonga ya mphuno, mafupa, reflex-segmental zone dera paretic minofu;
• art mankhwala umalimbana pokonzekera mwana kuphunzira;
• Peto njira - kulekana kayendedwe munthu kuchita ndipo sindichita;
• mafupa opaleshoni alowererepo;
• spa chithandizo;
• njira zochizira: osteopathy, kuwongola mafupa a msana, catgut-mankhwala zingalowe mankhwala electroreflexotherapy.

Kumene, mndandanda pamwamba si njira zonse konzanso ana khunyu la ubongo. Pali ambiri okonzeka zopangidwa mapulogalamu kukhala ndi malo pano konzanso, njira zina ndi luso.

Thupi konzanso ana khunyu la ubongo

kuchira thupi la mwana wodwala ayenera kuyamba posachedwapa. Tonga akatswiri mu dziko azindikira kuti konzanso wa mwana kulumala (oziziritsa ziwalo) kumabweretsa zotsatira zabwino kwa zaka zitatu, koma Russia malo ambiri amakana kutenga ana kwa chaka chimodzi kapena zaka zitatu, ndi madokotala chisakhale ndi matenda ndi mamangidwe a chilema. Koma thupi konzanso - gawo lofunika kwambiri pa anatengera kwa makhalidwe a mwana m'tsogolo, ndi kuyamba nawo achinyamata amene akudwala yomweyo zotsatirazi matenda, "oziziritsa ziwalo."

Konzanso ana khunyu la ubongo ndi ofunika kuti zinthu kufooka ndi manja a minofu, kupewa chitukuko cha mavuto, komanso kuwaika iwo kulimbikitsa galimoto kukula kwa mwanayo. Ikani achire kutikita, thupi maphunziro ndi ntchito pa aphunzitsi wapadera. Nthawi zambiri zothandiza zilizonse ntchito, katswiri kuyang'aniridwa ndi adzatithandiza kuumba chito kuyenda bwino kukhala olimba thupi ndi kuteteza bongo udindo pathological.

Bobath konzanso mankhwala

The yofala kwambiri konzanso ndi Bobath mankhwala osakaniza ndi zina, njira mofanana ogwira. Akamanena za mankhwala ndi kupereka mapeto malo mosiyana ndi zomwe izo ziri, chifukwa cha Hyper, yesetsani kutengera. Makalasi iyenera kuchitikira mu mlengalenga bata, katatu pa tsiku kapena sabata iliyonse, kayendedwe akubwerezedwa nthawi 3 mpaka 5. Kayendedwe okha akhala pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa cholinga chachikulu cha mankhwala kumasuka minofu. Zovuta zokambirana anayamba payekha. Chithandizo ndi njira Bobath mankhwala akhoza kuchitika kunyumba - kholo kui a phwando anaphunzitsidwa ntchito malo katswiri konzanso.

njira luso konzanso

Pamene kubwezeretsa thupi la ntchito galimoto ya mwana ndi khunyu la ubongo amagwiritsidwa ntchito njira luso konzanso ana. ICP mu zofuna kwambiri chifukwa zipangizo sayenda (sasinthasintha, njinga), chitukuko (njinga thupi, matebulo wapadera ndi mipando) ndi ukhondo (mipando kusamba, mipando, chimbudzi) mwana. Njira ya konzanso ana ndi khunyu la ubongo idzagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo za mafupa ndi simulators. Izo ntchito Mwachitsanzo, Adele suti, redistributing katundu pulogalamu yoyeseza Gross, maluso galimoto, "Veloton" zolimbikitsa minofu suti "mwauzimu", amene amalola kuti alenge dongosolo latsopano kuyenda, ndi zina zotero.

The konzanso chikhalidwe cha ana olumala ndi khunyu la ubongo

Pafupi kwa zaka sukulu, kwambiri linaperekedwa kwa anatengera chikhalidwe cha mwanayo. Achita akuuzidwa kuti mapangidwe maluso a moyo, chitukuko chidziwitso, ntchito yokonza mwana kuphunzira losonkhanitsidwa ndi kulankhulana. Komanso, odwala amaphunzitsidwa kuvala okha, kudzisamalira, kuchita ukhondo, kuyenda ndi zina zotero. Zonsezi kuchepetsa katundu pa opereka chithandizo cha mwana wolumala, ndi mtima wamng'ono - atengere moyo.

Ndi zamaganizo wapadera mwana, kulankhula madokotala ndi aphunzitsi. n'chofunika kwambiri udindo wa makolo kapena okuyang'anirani amene adzachitira ndi mwana wanu kunyumba. Social konzanso wa ana (CP) Zolinga:

• mawu ndi kaonedwe;
• chitukuko cha kukumbukira chidwi ndi maganizo;
• maphunziro a ukhondo;
• maphunziro odzithandiza okha luso;
• chilankhulo chitukuko, mapangidwe chikhalidwe.

Ana ndi matenda izi zikhoza ophunzitsidwa mu makalasi komanso zimene zimachizidwa kapena kupangidwa mu masukulu a, koma ndi zofooka kwambiri bwino kuganizira sukulu yogonera komweko kapena kuphunzira kwathu. Mu chiphaso mwana sukulu angathe kulankhula ndi anzawo, kulandira luso ndi kuchita uphungu ntchito. Pophunzitsa kunyumba muyenera nawo yogwira ya makolo ndipo tsiku zachipatala kuyang'aniridwa.

Nthawi zambiri, mukhoza kupititsa patsogolo ntchito ntchito ya munthu ndi matenda a "khunyu la ubongo." Anthu amenewa akhoza adziwe ntchito ya ntchito maganizo (aphunzitsi, koma sukulu osati m'munsi, chuma, mapulani, junior zachipatala ndodo) ntchito mapulogalamu kunyumba, freelancers ndipo ngakhale (ndi chitetezo cha dzanja kayendedwe) seamstresses. Employment sangakhale okha Zikavuta.

Olumala ndi khunyu la ubongo

Oziziritsa ziwalo ali m'njira zosiyanasiyana ndi kuchonderera mwamphamvu. Kulumala pamene ICP ndi inakhazikitsa kukachitika kuti matenda limodzi malamulo ndi kulemekeza ntchito bwinobwino, kuphunzira, kudzikonda utumiki, mawu kukhudzana. Kupanga chilema n'chotheka ndikatha kumfunsafunsa dokotala. Mayi ndi mwana ipyole ndi matenda okhudza ubongo, dokotala, maganizo, dokotala, podiatrist, maso ndi ENT. Mu "ulendo" sikuthetsa kumeneko. Pamakhala:

• kuti apereke maganizo komaliza kuchokera pa mutu wa bungwe la zachipatala
• kukumana ndi ndondomeko ya kutsimikizira zikalata kale mu chipatala wamkulu;
• kupereka zikalata kwa deta imene nkhani ya Kupenda mankhwala-chikhalidwe.

Nthawi zimadalira kukhazikitsa chilema kuchititsa Kupenda mankhwala ndi chikhalidwe (choncho kachiwiri pochitika madokotala onse) ayenera kubwereza patapita nthawi zina za nthawi. Komanso muyenera kupeza kukonzanso kumangidwa kukachitika kuti masiku munthu konzanso pulogalamu amaloŵamo kusintha - mwachitsanzo, ngati mwanayo cholinga katswiri amafuna njira yatsopano ya konzanso.

Ubwino ana olumala ndi khunyu la ubongo

Kupanga kulumala mabanja ena ndi nkhani yofunika kwambiri, chifukwa amapereka mwayi wolandira ndalama ndalama kwa konzanso ndi mpumulo.

Mwachitsanzo, mabanja ndi ana olumala ndi oziziritsa ubwino manjenje zotsatirazi zochokera:

• ufulu kukhazikitsa mu malo boma ndi dera ndi zolemba zatsiku;
• kuchotsera pafupifupi 50% kulipira nyumba ndi nyumba ntchito oyang'anira tauni kapena boma;
• ufulu patsogolo kupeza ziwembu dziko nyumba munthu zomangamanga, kulima ndi oyeretsa;
• kotunga mankhwala (ndi mankhwala), matenda zakudya zopangidwa;
• Free popita kumalo a chipatala chaching'ono mankhwala ndi kumbuyo, komanso mayendedwe m'tawuni (wosamasula anaika olumala mwana ndi munthu m'munsili);
• ntchito zamaganizo malipilo, mphunzitsi ndi mawu dokotala, zina munthu konzanso pulogalamu (wokwanira zosaposa 11.2 zikwi rubles chaka.)
• asandilembe malipiro ku sukulu ya mkaka;
• malipiro compensatory anthu lova amene kusamalira mwana olumala (kholo omulera, makolo ake kui angalandire 5.5 zikwi rubles, munthu wina - 1.2 zikwi rubles ..);
• penshioni mwana wolumala ndi zina malipiro (okwana 14,6 zikwi rubles ngati 2017.);
• nthawi ya mwana kusamalira olumala mayi anayesedwa m'litali mwa utumiki;
• mayi wa mwana olumala ndi khunyu la ubongo angapo ubwino pa malamulo apa ntchito, izo sizingakhoze ntchito yowonjezera, kukagwira ntchito, ali ndi ufulu kugwira ganyu, kupuma oyambirira, ndi zina zotero;
• mayi alikulamusa mwana olumala sungathe wabalalitsidwa, kupatula liquidation lathunthu la kumalo a ntchito.

azisamaliramo ku Russia

The chapadera pakati konzanso ana ndi khunyu la ubongo wochititsidwa comprehensively ndi kuyang'aniridwa wa akatswiri zogwirizana. Monga ulamuliro, makalasi mwadongosolo, mapulogalamu munthu ndi thandizo dokotala makolo komanso ana akhoza kukwaniritsa zotsatira kwambiri yochepa nthawi. Kumene, kulimbitsa zotsatira kupitiriza kukhala chinkhoswe pa pulogalamu akufuna ndi kunyumba.

Russian Scientific-Wothandiza Center wa thupi Kukonza ndi Sports (Grossko Center)

Mu Russia pali malo angapo konzanso. Grossko Center ku Moscow akugwira ntchito pa pulogalamu mwatsatanetsatane: chikuonetseratu amapezeka, kenako mwana wapadera ndi akatswiri-alangizi mu konzanso thupi. Thupi konzanso ana khunyu la ubongo mu Grossko Center amapereka thupi, kusambira, wokhulupirira ndi simulators wapadera, kulola kukhala galimoto kugwirizana ndi dongosolo kayendedwe otetezeka, maphunziro pa matayala, amakwera skates wodzigudubuza. Malinga ndi zotsatira za mayeso ikuchitika yokonza ndondomeko za maphunziro a kukonzedwa, kuti kubwezeretsedwa kwa zosowa ndi yodziwika mtima pang'ono.

Mtengo wa kubwezeretsa ana (ubongo wa palsy) mu Grosssko Center, ndithudi, siwong'ono. Mwachitsanzo, kuti mukalandire mwambo woyamba muyenera kulipira ma ruble 1,700, ndipo mtengo wa masewero 10 a physiotherapy (kwa mphindi 45-50) ndi 30,000 rubles. Phunziro limodzi ndi wothandizira kulankhula (kupitirira mphindi 30), ngati gawo lopaka misala (30-40 mphindi malinga ndi umboni wa dokotala) lidzagula ndalama zokwana 1000. Komabe, zotsatira za zochitikazo zimakhalapo, ndipo Grosssko Center yokha ndi malo apamwamba.

Russian Institute Institute of Traumatology ndi Orthopedics. RR Vredena

Malo obwezeretsa ana omwe ali ndi matenda a ubongo otchedwa RR Vreden (RIITO - Russian Research Institute of Traumatology ndi Orthopedics) ku St. Petersburg amapereka makasitomala awo operekera ntchito zosiyanasiyana: kuchokera kuchipatala kupita ku opaleshoni, kuphatikizapo, kuchipatala ndi kukonzanso. Ndili ndi akatswiri odziwika bwino kwambiri omwe ali ndi zaka zambiri zomwe zakhala zothandiza pa maofesi oposa makumi awiri oposa.

Moscow Scientific and Practical Center for Rehabilitation of Persons with Disability chifukwa cha matenda a ubongo

Moscow NPC kukonzanso anthu olemala chifukwa cha ubongo waumphawi akuti ndi imodzi mwa anthu omwe amawoneka bwino komanso odziwika bwino. Madokotala apakatikati amagwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu angapo othandizira anthu, ndikugwiritsa ntchito zochitika zamakono zamakono ndikupeza njira ya munthu aliyense payekha. Pakatili amalandira ana kuyambira zaka zitatu. Kuwonjezera pa kukonzanso thupi, akatswiri a psychologists-defectologists, othandizira oyankhula, akatswiri a zamalonda ndi ophunzitsa aphunzitsi, omwe amagwira ntchito ndi ana ndi akuluakulu olumala a CNS, ali ndi odwala ang'onoang'ono.

Institute of Conduct and Restorative Movement Treatment ku Budapest, Hungary

Kukonzekera kwa mwana wolumala (ubongo wa palsy) ku Institute. A. Petö ku Budapest, likulu la Hungary, ndilo malo omwe mabanja ambiri akufuna kupita. Makhalidwewa ndi otchuka kwa akatswiri ake abwino, kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zakhala zikuchitika posachedwapa pa odwala ang'onoang'ono, komanso zotsatira zomwe zimachitika ndi ana omwe ali ndi ubongo waumphawi omwe adzikonzekeretsa.

Palinso malo ena othandiza kukonzanso ana omwe amavomereza ana omwe ali ndi ubongo chifukwa cha kukonzanso. Ku Moscow kokha, Pulogalamu yokonzanso ana omwe ali ndi matenda a ubongo "Movement", Center of Rehabilitation Center "Ogonyok", Center of Rehabilitation Center "Preodolenie" ndi ena amagwira ntchito. M'mabungwe ena, kubwezeretsedwa kwaulere kwa ana omwe ali ndi ubongo wodwalayo ndi kotheka. Mabanja omwe ali ndi ana olumala amathandizidwanso m'mabungwe othandizira komanso malo ogonana.