Kuchoka ku mavuto a mafuta - Mafuta Energy

Osati Russia, koma dziko lonse lero ndi nkhani za chitukuko chanzeru wa mafuta ndi mphamvu zovuta. The mowa kwambiri kuposa kale magetsi ndi kutentha, kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe ndi zikutha m'mayiko a zitsime zamafuta kwezani nkhawa m'mayiko ambiri olemera. Boma allocates ndalama yaikulu kwa wamakono wa mafuta ndi mphamvu gawo ndi chitukuko cha umisiri watsopano kuchotsa mafuta ku magwero zina. Komabe, akatswiri zambiri zayamba mokomera mphamvu gasi, ndipo ali zimayambitsa angapo.

The vuto lalikulu zopangira magetsi zongowonjezwdwa wotchedwa impermanence nthawi m'kati kupanga mphamvu, komanso kudalira zinthu Hrs ndi nyengo. Komanso, zopangira kubala zatsopano zigawo patsogolo dzuwa anapereka ntchito mankhwala chlorine, zoipa ndi zamoyo zambiri. Komanso, asayansi ambiri akukhulupirira kuti pali otsika-pafupipafupi Phokoso oopsa thanzi pamene akugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu mphepo. Mbalame akudwala mphepo turbines, ndi navigation kuganiza nsomba kusintha awo zikawonongeka mphepo minda.

Komabe, mavuto amenewa ndi zamakono kwambiri m'chilengedwe. The sangathe lalikulu la mphamvu zina - mkulu ndalama likulu kuti umisiri amenewa. Mwachitsanzo, pomanga turbines mphepo ndi mapanelo dzuwa kwambiri okwera mtengo kusiyana ndi zomera ochiritsira mphamvu, ndi kupatula mu mphamvu zina kulipira ngongole bwino mu njira miyambo - likuvutika mapeto wosuta, zomwe ndi vuto kwambiri. M'mayiko otukuka, akumanidwa zinthu zachilengedwe akhoza aganyali mamiliyoni mayuro mu chitukuko cha mphepo, kapena njira zina atsopano yopangira magetsi, koma kwa Russia, wolemera mu mchere, mafunso zogwirizana wa gasification m'madera ndi kusintha kwa mpweya mphamvu.

Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, mphamvu mpweya anali ayesedwa ndi mayiko dostoinstu otukuka. Mwachitsanzo, mu United States kuchokera 2011 mpaka 2012 adzakhala analamula 258 zomera mphamvu, chifukwa cholephera gasi [1]. Ndipo malinga ndi wapampando wa bungwe la "Gazprom" Valery Golubev pa 6 TH Mayiko Conference "Mphamvu m'mudzi: Russia-EU. Gasi Mbali ", kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu mpweya kuchepetsa mpweya mpweya woipa Europe ikhoza $ biliyoni 500 zochepa mu 2020 kuposa ntchito zopangira magetsi zongowonjezwdwa. Akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira ntchito mphamvu mpweya zabwino ndalama lalikulu ndi zochepa yowopsa kuposa ntchito nyukiliya kapena ntchito mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa.

makampani ambiri amakhala okonzeka kupereka "njira mpweya", koma ntchito kwambiri nzeru kupita ku gome la akuluakulu omwe, chifukwa cha maganizo ndiwofatsa komanso kusafuna khama njira zilizonse bwino, ziletsa chitukuko cha mafuta ndi mphamvu zovuta. JSC "Engineering Roltom" akhala anapereka njira kwa mafakitale mphamvu. Mwachitsanzo, cogeneration ndi trigeneration zomera, kutentha kuchira machitidwe zomera mphamvu, boilers gasi, mafuta CHP. Chipika-yodziyimira payokha magetsi yopanga "Roltom Engineering" angapereke Magetsi kumadera lonse kapena mabungwe ang'onoang'ono lalikulu mafakitale pa mitengo poyerekeza tariffs kuti agulitse magetsi, makampani wamba kupereka ntchito zofunikira. Kutentha kuchira dongosolo, sipangakhalenso okonzeka ndi mphamvu, amachotsa kutentha kwa dera yozizira ya injini ndi utsi mpweya ndi transmits ogula mawonekedwe a madzi otentha. Izi zingathandize kuthetsa vuto la madzi anatseka kwambiri. pempholo wina wa kampani - boilers gasi, yodziyimira payokha, ntchito mogwirizana ndi "pulagi ndi kuiwala". kukatentha amenewa n'zosavuta zokwanira kukhala ndi, ndipo iwo yaitali kuposa anzawo n'kupuma sanali mpweya. Komanso, ma CD zomera, thiransifoma substations ndi zomera kukatentha mu muli (chipika mayunitsi), zomwe zimachititsa kampani "Roltom Engineering" pa mbewu zake Kolomna, kumaonjezera moyo utumiki wawo, popeza chipika-gawo si mantha chifukwa cha kuzizira (zikhoza kupirira kutentha pansi kwa - 60 ˚ C), ndipo limafanana Boma bwino avale kukana chifukwa mkulu khalidwe zipangizo ndi kuphedwa.

Komabe, vuto lalikulu kwambiri ndi kupanda zomangamanga mpweya mphamvu. Malinga Rosnedra kufanizitsa lero tili 600 zikwi. Km Intaneti gasi, kuphatikizapo maukonde mkulu ndi otsika ndi 70% wa madipoziti si kutsegula panobe. Chotero yaikulu zomangamanga wina aliyense mu dziko. Pa chitukuko cha akatswiri mpweya zomangamanga amati pamatenga pafupifupi 30 biliyoni madola US. nkhani Izi zikhoza kuthetsedwa mwa mgwirizano pagulu-payekha ndi kukopa kwa ndalama. Masiku ano, makampani mafuta, amene anapeza ndalama zokwanira kuchotsa makampani mafuta, makampani mpweya palokha ali okonzeka kuti aganyali kwambiri mu yowonjezera logwirizana dongosolo mpweya mayendedwe a Russia. Apa ife sindikuyankhula za chikondi. The nkhawa ndi kuti mwamsanga muyenera kudziwa njira za chipukuta misozi cha ndalama izi, chifukwa lero tili ndi chilamulo salola mapaipi payekha. Masiku ano, makampani mafuta, amene anapeza ndalama zokwanira kuchotsa makampani mafuta, makampani mpweya palokha ali okonzeka kuti aganyali kwambiri mu yowonjezera logwirizana dongosolo mpweya kayendedwe. M'pofunika kudziwa njira za chipukuta misozi cha ndalama zimenezi ndi kukulitsa dongosolo chitukuko cha mafakitale mafuta. The ndondomeko gasification m'madera Russian ndi sitepe yoyamba cha wamakono wa mafuta ndi mphamvu, koma pali mavuto ambiri amene amafuna njira mwamsanga kudzera mgwirizano pakati pa boma ndi oziyimila paokha makampani. Pambuyo mphamvu mpweya - ndicho chinsinsi pothetsa mavuto a mowa mphamvu ndi zikutha m'mayiko mafuta.

[1] http://www.newsland.ru/news/detail/id/914297/